Brazilija - Brazil

Brazilija (Portugalščina: Brazilija) je največja država v Južna Amerika in peti največji na svetu. Brazilija je neverjetno raznolika država po ljudeh, kulturi in pokrajinah - od znamenitega poletnega karnevala v Ljubljani Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Olinda, in Recife do divje moči narave v Amazonka in Slapovi Iguaçu. Živahna mesta, sproščene plaže in tradicionalni način življenja boste našli pogosto tik ob drugem. Brazilska kultura, ki se po državi močno razlikuje, prihaja iz mednarodne mešanice evropskih kolonizatorjev, afriških in azijskih skupnosti (zlasti v Salvador in Sao Paulo) in vpliv avtohtonih prebivalcev po vsej državi.

Regije

Brazilija je peta največja država na svetu. Razdeljen je na pet regij, večinoma potegnjenih okoli državnih meja, vendar bolj ali manj sledijo naravnim, gospodarskim in kulturnim mejam.

Mesta

Brazilija ima veliko vznemirljivih mest, od lepih kolonialnih mest in obalnih skrivališč do groznih, živahnih metropol. to je nekaj vidnejših turističnih destinacij:

• -15.793889-47.8827781 Brasília - Prestolnica Brazilije in arhitekturni spektakel. Omembe vredne stavbe vključujejo katedralo v obliki košare, čudovito palačo Arches (sedež ministrstva za pravosodje) in druge.
• -27.5717-48.62562 Florianópolis - Mesto se nahaja na otoku v Atlantskem oceanu v južni zvezni državi Santa Catarina, z jezeri, lagunami, čudovito naravo in več kot 40 čistimi, lepimi, naravnimi plažami. Glavna destinacija Argentincev v poletnih mesecih.
• -3.718333-38.5427783 Fortaleza - 4. največje mesto v Braziliji, blagoslovljeno s čudovitimi plažami. Dom ulične tržnice Iracema Beach. Dobro izhodišče za raziskovanje plaž severovzhodne obale, tudi Jericoacoara. Znan po glasbi forró in komikih.
• -3.1-60.0166674 Manaus - Nahaja se v osrčju Amazonije in je glavno mesto Ljubljane Amazonas Država in je tudi največje mesto v Amazoniji. V Manausu se reki Negro in Solimões srečata in postaneta reki Amazonas. Najboljši kraj za obisk amazonskega pragozda. Je vrata do Anavilhanas in narodnega parka Jaú.
• -30.033056-51.235 Porto Alegre - glavno mesto med Argentino in Sao Paulom in vrata do čudovitih brazilskih zelenih kanjonov.
• -8.05-34.96 Recife - Glavno mesto na severovzhodu regije, ki so ga prvotno naselili nizozemski kolonizatorji. Vzdevek "brazilske Benetke" je zgrajen na več otokih, povezanih s številnimi mostovi. Bogata z zgodovino, umetnostjo in folkloro. Ne zamudite sosednjih Olinda in Porto de Galinhas. Mesto je tudi vrata do neverjetnega arhipelaga Fernando de Noronha.
• -22.908333-43.1963897 Rio de Janeiro - Svetovno znano, čudovito mesto, ki obiskovalce sprejema s tistim velikim kipom odprtega oboroženega Jezusa na vrhu Corcovado.
• -12.974722-38.4766678 Salvador - V prvi prestolnici Brazilije živi edinstvena mešanica avtohtonih, afriških in evropskih kultur. Njegova pustna zabava je znana, vpliv afriške kulture in religije pa izjemen.
• -23.55-46.6333339 Sao Paulo - Največje, najbogatejše in najbolj svetovljansko mesto v Braziliji, kjer lahko najdete močne vplive več narodnosti, vključno z italijansko, korejsko, japonsko, nemško, rusko, karibsko in arabsko.

Druge destinacije

• -4.439444-56.8402781 Amazonija - ture po džungli, prosto živeče živali, plavajoči les, skrivnosti Amazonije
• -12.880278-41.3722222 Narodni park Chapada Diamantina
• -14.083333-47.6666673 Chapada dos Veadeiros – cerrado (tropska savana) prosto živeče živali in osupljivi slapovi
• -3.853808-32.4237864 Fernando de Noronha - tropski otoški raj sredi Atlantskega oceana, od leta 1997 zaščiten kot morski narodni park in Unescova svetovna dediščina
• -23.15-44.2333335 Ilha Grande
• -25.686667-54.4447226 Slapovi Iguaçu - svetovno znani slapovi
• -0.983333-49.5833337 Ilha do Marajó- največji sladkovodni otok na svetu
• -2.533333-43.1166678 Lençóis Maranhenses- park s sladko vodo in sipinami; pol sipine, pol jezera.
• -18-56.59 Pantanal - največje mokrišče na svetu (močvirje) gosti veliko ekoturizma in ogromno biotsko raznovrstnost, vključno s kajmani, jaguarji, anakondami, velikanskimi mravljinčarji, primati, velikanskimi vidrami in piranami.

Razumeti

“	V teh velikih prizorih je enostavno določiti posamezne predmete občudovanja; ni pa mogoče dati ustrezne predstave o višjih občutkih čudenja, začudenja in predanosti, ki napolnijo in povzdignejo um.	”
-Charles Darwin, Potovanje Beagle, v zvezi z Brazilijo

Zgodovina

Preden je Kolumb prispel v Ameriko, je bilo na območju, ki je danes znano kot Brazilija, živelo predvsem prebivalstvo Tupi in Guarani etnične skupine. Koloniziranje s strani Portugalcev se je začelo konec 16. stoletja z pridobivanjem dragocenega lesa iz Ljubljane pau brasil drevo, iz katerega država črpa svoje ime. Brazilijo so kolonizirali in razvili Portugalci in ne Španci, ki so zahtevali večino Amerik. Vzhodna Brazilija je bila popotnica na Cape Route med Evropo in Azijo. Med portugalsko vladavino so nekateri deli Brazilije med letoma 1630 in 1654 oblikovali nizozemsko kolonijo. Nizozemci so ustanovili več mest, kot je Mauritsville, in številne nasade sladkornega trsa. Nizozemci so se s Portugalci borili v mračni vojni v džungli in brez podpore Republike svoje domovine zaradi vojne z Anglijo so se Nizozemci predali Portugalcem, čeprav portugalske vladavine niso uradno priznali, kar je privedlo do vojna s Portugalsko ob obali Portugalske leta 1656. Leta 1665 je bila podpisana Haaška mirovna pogodba, Portugalska je izgubila azijske kolonije in morala plačati 63 ton zlata, da bi Nizozemski nadomestila izgubo svoje kolonije.

Brazilija je postala središče portugalskega cesarstva do leta 1808, ko je kralj Dom João VI (Janez VI) pobegnil pred Napoleonovo invazijo na Portugalsko in se ustanovil s svojo vlado v mestu Rio de Janeiro.

V naslednjih štirih stoletjih se je nadaljevalo izkoriščanje naravnih virov države, kot sta zlato in guma, ob vzponu gospodarstva, ki je večinoma temeljilo na sladkorju, kavi in ​​afriškem suženjskem delu. Pokristjanjevanje in izkoriščanje domorodcev se je nadaljevalo, v 19. in 20. stoletju pa se je pojavil drugi val priseljevanja, predvsem italijanskega, nemškega (v južni Braziliji), španskega, japonskega (v državi São Paulo) in portugalskega, kar je dodalo nabor dejavnikov, ki so ustvarili današnja zapletena in edinstvena brazilska kultura in družba.

Po treh stoletjih pod vlado Portugalske je Brazilija postala neodvisna država 7. septembra 1822. Do leta 1889 je bila Brazilija cesarstvo pod vlado Dom Pedra I in njegovega sina Dom Pedra II. V tem času je postala nastajajoča mednarodna sila. Suženjstvo, ki je bilo sprva zelo razširjeno, je bilo z zaporedno zakonodajo omejeno do njegove dokončne odprave leta 1888. Številni dejavniki so prispevali k padcu monarhije in vzponu nominalnega republikanizma po njej, dejansko pa je po padcu v Braziliji prišlo do vojaškega posredovanja. imperija do leta 1894. Od takrat so demokracijo v Braziliji prekinili državni udari in diktature do leta 1985, ko je bila izvoljena nova civilna in demokratična vlada in dve leti pozneje sprejeta nova ustava.

Daleč največja, najbolj naseljena in uspešna država Latinske Amerike je iz več kot dveh desetletij (1964–1985) vojaške diktature v upravljanju države nastala za uveljavitev demokratične vladavine, hkrati pa se sooča z izzivi nadaljevanja industrijske in rast kmetijstva in razvoj njegove notranjosti. Danes je Brazilija vodilna gospodarska sila Latinske Amerike in regionalna voditeljica, ki izkorišča ogromne naravne vire, ogromno geografsko območje in velik pretok delovne sile. Mehika in Argentina. Politična korupcija, tako kot v večini Latinske Amerike, in visoke ovire za vstop na trge, vključno z delovno silo, ostajajo pereči problemi. Posledica tega je visoka stopnja kriminala, zlasti v velikih mestih.

"Roza plima" v latinskoameriški politiki je v Braziliji in v drugih državah prinesla večje gospodarske razlike, saj so politični razredi vse bolj bogati in številni, medtem ko slabo izobraženi in politično slabo povezani ljudje trpijo zaradi visokih ovir za vstop na trge dela, visoko šolstvo in drugih trgih. Nezadovoljstvo z brazilsko vlado je med nogometnim turnirjem leta 2014 in med poletnimi olimpijskimi igrami leta 2016 izbruhnilo v odprte proteste. Vladne sile so že pred začetkom turnirjev začele prisilno odstranjevati ljudi iz domov, odziv na proteste pa je bil v večini poročil brutalen. Nekateri protestniki so opozorili na nesmiselnost gradnje dragih stadionov v oddaljenih krajih, ko so ljudje živeli v barakarskih naseljih brez lastninske pravice.

Vsesplošno nezadovoljstvo z gospodarstvom je privedlo do izvolitve skrajno desničarskega populističnega kandidata Jairja Bolsonara za predsednika leta 2018. Bolsonaro se je zavezal, da bo končal varstvo okolja in umaknil pravice avtohtonih in manjšin v zameno za nadaljevanje gospodarskega razvoja, čeprav bo to vplivalo na državo o človekovih pravicah in o življenju navadnih Brazilcev še ni razvidno.

Vlada in politika

Brazilija je zvezna republika po vzoru ameriškega predsedniškega sistema. Ljudje neposredno izvolijo predsednika, ki je hkrati šef države in vodja vlade. Predsednik je izvoljen za dobo štirih let s pravico do samo ene ponovne izvolitve.

Zakonodajna veja je Državni kongres, dvodomni parlament, ki ga sestavljata zvezni senat in poslanska zbornica. Oba doma sta neposredno izvoljena. Člani senata so izvoljeni vsaka 4 leta z obnovitvijo ene ali dveh tretjin vsakih 8 let. Člani poslanske zbornice so izvoljeni s sorazmerno zastopanostjo vsake države. Vrhovno zvezno sodišče, vrhovno sodišče in druga vrhovna sodišča, državni svet za pravosodje in deželna zvezna sodišča tvorijo sodno vejo. Politični sistem sledi večstrankarskemu sistemu. Glavne politične stranke v Braziliji so Delavska stranka, Brazilsko demokratično gibanje, Brazilska stranka socialne demokracije in Demokrati.

Eden glavnih problemov brazilske politike je korupcija. Klientelizem, nepotizem, politično favoriziranje in precenjevanje javnih sredstev so pogosti, čeprav se to počasi zmanjšuje od preiskav operacije Avtopralnica leta 2014. Poleg tega so politične stranke v Braziliji ponavadi zelo razdrobljene.

Kultura

Zaradi kontinentalnih razsežnosti Brazilije, raznolike geografije, zgodovine in prebivalstva je kultura države bogata in raznolika. Ima več regionalnih različic in kljub temu, da jih večinoma združuje en sam jezik, se nekatere regije med seboj tako razlikujejo, da izgledajo kot različne države.

Glasba igra pomembno vlogo v brazilski identiteti. Slogi kot choro, samba in bossa nova veljajo za resnično brazilske. Caipira glasba je tudi v koreninah sertanejo, nacionalni ekvivalent country glasbi. MPB pomeni brazilska popularna glasba, ki v enem konceptu meša več nacionalnih stilov. Forró, severovzhodni veseli plesni glasbeni slog, je postal tudi pogost po vsej državi. Novi urbani slogi vključujejo funk - ime za zvrst plesne glasbe iz podjetja Rio's favele ki meša težke elektronske takte in pogosto hud rapping - in tehno-brega, užitek množice v severnih zveznih državah, ki združuje romantično pop, plesno glasbo in karibske ritme.

Mešanica borilne veščine, ples, glasba in igra, capoeira so jo v Brazilijo prinesli afriški sužnji, večinoma iz portugalskih kolonij Angola. Odlikujejo ga živahni zapleteni gibi in spremljajoča glasba, zato ga lahko vidimo in vadimo v številnih brazilskih mestih.

V klasični glasbi je moderno obdobje še posebej opazno zaradi del skladateljev, kot sta Heitor Villa-Lobos in Camargo Guarnieri, ki so ustvarili tipično brazilsko šolo in v brazilske ritme mešali elemente tradicionalne evropske klasične glasbe, medtem ko so drugi skladatelji kot Cláudio Santoro je sledil smernicam druge šole na Dunaju. V obdobju romantike je bilo največje ime Antonio Carlos Gomes, avtor nekaterih oper v italijanskem slogu z značilnimi brazilskimi temami, kot Il Guarany in Lo Schiavo. V klasičnem obdobju je najvidnejše ime José Maurício Nunes Garcia, duhovnik, ki je pisal tako sveto kot posvetno glasbo in je nanj močno vplival dunajski klasični slog 18. in zgodnjega 19. stoletja.

Candomble in Umbanda so religije z afriškimi koreninami, ki so preživele predsodke in preganjanja in imajo v Braziliji še vedno veliko pripadnikov. Kličejo se njihovi kultni kraji terreiros in mnogi so odprti za obisk.

Avtohtona lastnosti najdemo povsod v brazilski kulturi, od kulinarike do besedišča. V vseh brazilskih regijah še vedno živi veliko avtohtonih skupin in plemen, čeprav je na mnoge zahodna kultura močno vplivala, več preživelih avtohtonih jezikov v državi pa je v nevarnosti, da popolnoma izginejo. Tradicionalni življenjski slog in grafični izrazi avtohtone skupine Wajãpi iz države Amapa so bili razglašeni za Mojstrovina svetovne nematerialne dediščine Unesco. Velika večina zadnjih neokuženih ljudi na svetu prebiva znotraj gostega amazonskega deževja v Braziliji.

Globo, največja nacionalna televizijska mreža, ima tudi pomembno vlogo pri oblikovanju nacionalne identitete. Preostalih pet glavnih brazilskih televizijskih omrežij so SBT (drugo največje), RecordTV, Band, RedeTV in Cultura (javno in izobraževalno televizijsko omrežje). Obstaja tudi veliko drugih lokalnih ali regionalnih televizijskih programov. Poleg tega imajo Brazilci vedno bolj dostop do številnih drugih kabelskih ali satelitskih televizijskih kanalov. Devet od desetih gospodinjstev ima televizor, ki je za večino Brazilcev najpomembnejši vir informacij in zabave, sledijo mu radijske oddaje. Televizije predvajajo šport, filme, lokalne in nacionalne novice ter telenovele (milnične opere) - 6-10 mesecev dolge serije, ki so postale eden glavnih kulturnih izvozov države.

Ljudje

V svoji zgodovini je Brazilija pozdravila več različnih narodov in praks. Brazilija predstavlja talilnico najrazličnejših etničnih skupin, ki nekoliko blaži etnične predsodke in rasne spore, čeprav sta dolgotrajno suženjstvo in celo genocid med avtohtonim prebivalstvom naredila svoj davek. Predsodki so na splošno bolj usmerjeni v različne družbene sloje in ne med rasami. Kljub temu je rasa, ki jo označujemo z barvo kože, še vedno ločujoči dejavnik v brazilski družbi in opazili boste, da se koža običajno zatemni, ko se družbeni razred zniža: premožni prebivalci zgornjega sloja so večinoma svetle kože; večina povprečnih ljudi srednjega razreda je porjavelih; in večina revnih ljudi je temnopoltih. Dandanes pa se Afro-Brazilci in Američani vse bolj zavedajo svojih državljanskih pravic in svoje bogate kulturne dediščine in lahko upajo, da bodo z izobraževanjem dosegli socialno mobilnost.

Na splošno so Brazilci ljubitelji zabave. Čeprav lahko Južnjaki veljajo za nekoliko hladnejše in bolj zadržane, se lahko ljudje iz severa Ria ponašajo z živahnim odnosom in uživajo v prostem času.

Med Brazilci so prijateljstvo in gostoljubnost zelo cenjeni, družinske povezave in družbene interakcije so zelo cenjene. Do ljudi, ki so jih spoznali ali vsaj poznajo po imenu, so Brazilci običajno zelo odprti, prijazni in včasih precej radodarni. Tipični Brazilec se lahko po uvedbi do dobrega razloga, da tega ne stori, obnaša tako toplo kot do najboljšega prijatelja. Brazilci veljajo za enega najbolj gostoljubnih ljudi na svetu, tujce pa ponavadi obravnavajo s spoštovanjem in pogosto z resničnim občudovanjem. Kot rečeno, turizem v Braziliji, tako kot v večini sveta, razkriva temnejšo plat človeštva.

Odnos do tujcev je lahko odvisen tudi od regionalnih razlik:

• Država Santa Catarina pozdravlja njihove špansko govoreče turiste z dvojezičnimi tablami in odbori za dobrodošlico.
• V Salvador, največje mesto na Severovzhod, vsem, ki govorijo, se obnašajo ali izgledajo kot turisti (celo drugi Brazilci!), se lahko zaračunajo višje cene, na primer na parkiriščih, v restavracijah itd.

Večina Brazilcev je poštenih in resnično prijaznih, a mnogi so v vsakdanjem življenju navajeni majhnih korupcijskih dejanj, tako imenovanih jeitinho brasileiro. Če ste očitno videti kot turist, ste potencialna tarča; na primer prodajalec lahko poskuša prodati blago po višjih cenah ali pa taksist izbere najdaljšo pot do cilja. To ne pomeni, da nikomur ne morete zaupati, le da morate biti nekoliko bolj pozorni in previdni, še posebej, če se komu zdi preveč prijazen.

Medtem ko so "zahodne" korenine brazilske kulture večinoma evropske, zlasti iberske, kar dokazujejo njena kolonialna mesta in občasne zgodovinske zgradbe med novejšimi nebotičniki, obstaja močna težnja po sprejemanju bolj "ameriškega načina življenja", kar najdemo v urbani kulturi in arhitekturi, množičnih medijih, potrošništvu in pozitivnem odnosu do tehničnega napredka. Kljub temu je Brazilija še vedno država, ki je obrnjena proti Atlantiku in ne proti Hispanoameriki, intelektualne elite pa se bodo verjetno uprle Evropi, še posebej Francija, kot viri navdiha, v nasprotju z ZDA. Številne vidike brazilske družbe, na primer izobraževalni sistem, navdihujejo Francozi in se severnoameriškim obiskovalcem na začetku zdijo nenavadni.

Brazilci niso latinskoameriški. Nekateri so lahko užaljeni, če obiskovalec to reče ali verjame, da Brazilci govorijo španščino kot primarni jezik. Obiskovalci bodo deležni toplejše dobrodošlice, če bodo poskusili začeti pogovore v portugalščini. Če obiskovalec z Brazilci govori špansko, bodo verjetno odgovorili v portugalščini.

Kontrasti v tej veliki državi enako očarajo in šokirajo večino obiskovalcev, zlasti Evropejcev. Brezbrižnost številnih domačinov do socialnih, ekonomskih in ekoloških problemov lahko vznemirja obiskovalce, ki so se teh vprašanj lotili doma. Medtem ko elita dobro izobraženih strokovnjakov in politični razred uživa v udobjih sodobne družbe, otroško delo, nepismenost in močno slabša stanovanja še vedno obstajajo tudi v mestih, ki jih blagoslavlja gospodarska rast in velike tuje naložbe, kot so Sao Paulo ali Rio.

Kolikor Brazilci svojo samozadostnost na področju surovin, kmetijstva in energentov priznavajo kot izjemno korist za prihodnost, se večina od njih strinja, da brez ogromnih sprememb v izobraževanju in dostopu do podjetništva za vse težko bo izhod revščina in nerazvitost.

Od začetka 21. stoletja se Brazilija sooča z naraščajočim valom priseljevanja iz Kitajska, Bolivija in Haiti.

Podnebje

Brazilija je ogromna država z različnimi podnebnimi pasovi, čeprav je večina države v tropih. V amazonski regiji, od severnega Mato Grossa do zahodnega Maranhana, je tropsko deževno gozdno podnebje z zelo pogostimi dežji, visokimi temperaturami in zmanjšano toplotno amplitudo. Na severovzhodu pozimi na obali pogosto dežuje.

Notranjost brazilskega severovzhoda ima polsušno podnebje, kjer so zelo visoke temperature, redki deževi in ​​pogoste suše. Osrednja območja Brazilije imajo tropsko podnebje savane, z izredno suho zimo, nizko stopnjo vlažnosti sredi leta (pod 30%) in vročim in deževnim poletjem.

Na jugovzhodu je obala vroča in vlažna ter trpi za neposrednim delovanjem tropske atlantske mase, poleti pa pogosto dežuje. Na najvišjih območjih jugovzhoda, na nadmorski višini med 500 in 1000 m ali več, so najnižje temperature na celotnem tropskem območju, ki dosegajo povprečje pod 18 ° C. Na jugu države São Paulo in na treh južnih v Braziliji je podnebje subtropsko, z natančno določenimi letnimi časi in dobro porazdeljenimi padavinami skozi vse leto. Poletje je zelo vroče in ima povprečno temperaturo 30º. Že zima, zelo mrzla, ima pogoste zmrzali in nizke temperature, ki včasih postanejo manj kot 0 ° C. V mnogih nadmorskih mestih v Santa Catarini in severno od Serras Gaúchas v regiji Rio Grande do Sul, temperature so še hladnejše, celo sneg.

Prazniki in delovni čas

Brazilija opaža naslednjih 13 državni prazniki:

• Novoletni dan - 1. januarja
• Karneval - februar / marec (premično - 40 dni pred veliko nočjo. Ponedeljek in torek sta dejanska praznika, praznovanja pa se običajno začnejo v soboto in trajajo do poldneva na pepelnično sredo, ko se trgovine in storitve ponovno odprejo.)
• Dober petek - marec / april (premično) dva dni pred velikonočno nedeljo
• Tiradentes - 21. aprila
• Praznik dela - 1. maja
• Corpus Christi - maj / junij (premično) šestdeset dni po velikonočni nedelji
• Dan neodvisnosti - 7. septembra
• Dan Gospe iz Aparecide (zavetnice Brazilije) in dan otroka - 12. oktobra
• Dan mrtvih (Finados) - 2. novembra
• Dan razglasitve republike - 15. novembra
• Božič - 25. decembra

Delovni čas so običajno od 08:00 ali 09: 00-17: 00 ali 18:00. Banke so odprte od ponedeljka do petka od 10.00 do 16.00. Ulične trgovine se običajno zaprejo v soboto opoldne in v ponedeljek ponovno odprejo. Nakupovalni centri so običajno odprti od ponedeljka do sobote od 10.00 do 22.00 ali od 23.00 in ob nedeljah od 15.00 do 21.00. Nekateri centri, zlasti v velikih mestih, so odprti tudi ob nedeljah, čeprav morda niso odprte vse trgovine. Prav tako je mogoče najti 24-urne trgovine in majhne tržnice, ki so odprte ob nedeljah.

Časovni pasovi

Brazilija obsega štiri običajne časovne pasove od UTC-2 do UTC-5 (v brazilskem jeziku "Brasilia čas -2 "do" Brasilia čas 1 ").

• Brasilia čas 1 (UTC-2): Fernando de Noronha in nekateri drugi manjši otoki v Atlantiku.
• Brasilia čas (UTC-3): Jugovzhod, Južno, Severovzhod, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Tocantini, Pará, Amapa.
• Brasilijin čas -1 (UTC-4): Roraima, vzhodni Amazonas, Rondônia, Mato Grosso in Mato Grosso do Sul.
• Brasilijin čas -2 (UTC-5): Acre in zahodni Amazonas.

Od leta 2019 poletnega časa v Braziliji ni več.

Vstopi

Zahteve glede vizuma

• Brazilija ima vzajemno vizumsko politiko z mnogimi državami, kar pomeni, da v primeru, ko se za Brazilce, ki obiščejo državo, uporabljajo vizumske takse in omejitve, Brazilija na splošno sprejme enake ukrepe za obiskovalce te države.
• Državljani Argentine, Bolivije, Čila, Kolumbije, Ekvadorja, Paragvaja, Perua, Urugvaja in Venezuele lahko v državo vstopijo z veljavno osebno izkaznico in ostanejo do 90 dni.
• Od leta 2018 lahko državljani Kanade, Japonske, Avstralije in ZDA zaprosijo za elektronski turistični vizum. Ta elektronski vizum je veljaven za več vstopov v dveh letih in v enem letu ostane do 90 dni in stane 45 USD. Državljani istih štirih držav bodo lahko v Brazilijo vstopili brez vizumov do 90 dni, in sicer od 17. junija 2019.
• Za bivanja do 90 dni imetnikov potnih listov iz teh držav vizum ni potreben, razen če je navedeno drugače: Andora, Argentina, Avstrija, Bahami, Barbados, Belorusija, Belgija, Bolivija, Bolgarija, Čile, Kolumbija, Kostarika, Hrvaška, Češka, Danska, Ekvador, Finska, Francija, Gruzija, Nemčija, Grčija, Gvatemala, Gvajana, Honduras, potni list SAR za Hongkong, Madžarska, Islandija, Irska, Izrael, Italija, Južna Koreja, Lihtenštajn, Luksemburg, Makao, Malezija, Malta, Mehika, Monako, Maroko, Namibija, Nizozemska, Nova Zelandija, Norveška, Panama, Paragvaj, Peru, Filipini, Poljska, Portugalska, Romunija, Rusija, San Marino, Singapur (30 dni, samo navadni potni listi), Slovaška, Slovenija, Južna Afrika, Španija, Surinam, Švedska, Švica, Tajska, Trinidad in Tobago, Tunizija, Turčija, Združeno kraljestvo (vključno z imetniki potnih listov britanskega nacionalnega (čezmorskega)), Urugvaj, Venezuela (60 dni) in Vatikan. Uradnik za priseljevanje ima pravico omejiti vaš vizum na manj kot 90 dni, če meni, da je to primerno. (To se redno počne za osamljene moške popotnike, ki prihajajo Fortaleza, domnevno za boj proti prostitucijskemu turizmu.) Policist bo nato napisal število dni (npr. 60 ali 30) s pisalom v pečat, ki je bil pravkar naveden v vašem potnem listu; v nasprotnem primeru ostane 90 dni.

• Državljani iz vseh drugih držav potrebujete vizum. Pristojbine se razlikujejo glede na vzajemnost: državljani ZDA morajo na primer plačati vsaj 160 USD za turistični vizum in 220 USD za poslovni vizum. Stroški brazilskega vizuma za državljane Tajvana ali tajvanskega imetnika potnega lista plačajo 20 USD (referenca brazilskega veleposlaništva v Limi v Peruju) in 5 dni za obdelavo. Vzajemnost pa pogosto velja tudi za veljavnost vizumov: državljani ZDA lahko dobijo vizume, veljavne do 10 let, in tudi kanadski državljani do 5 let.
• Turistični vizumi (vključno s tistimi, ki se izdajo na kraju samem pri nadzoru priseljevanja) se lahko podaljšajo v katerem koli uradu Policia Federal. Turističnih vizumov, odobrenih državljanom schengenskega območja, ni mogoče podaljšati. Vsa glavna mesta, večina obmejnih mest in mednarodnih pristanišč imajo eno. Turistični vizumi se bodo podaljšali le enkrat, in sicer za največ 90 dni, v nobenem primeru pa vam turističnega vizuma ne bo mogoče podeliti več kot 180 dni za nobeno 365-dnevno obdobje. Približno 1 teden pred potekom vizuma se obrnite na zvezno policijo. Pristojbina za ravnanje je 67 R $ (oktober 2008). Morda vas bodo prosili za odhodno vozovnico (knjiga v celoti vračljivo enega na internetu, nato prekličite, ko vam podaljšajo vizum), in dokazilo o preživljanju (za katerega je večinoma sprejeta vaša kreditna kartica.) Če želite zaprositi za podaljšanje, morate izpolniti Emissão da Guia de Recolhimento na spletni strani Zvezne policije, ki jo boste odnesli na Banco do Brasil, da plačate pristojbino. Pristojbine ne plačajte, dokler se o svojem primeru ne pogovorite z zveznim policistom. Če zavrne podaljšanje vizuma, morate imeti bančni račun v Braziliji, če želite prejeti vračilo kupnine.
• Zahteva za prvi vstop v Brazilijo v 90 dneh po izdaji vizuma zdaj velja le za državljane Angole, Bahrajna, Burme, Kambodže, Zelenortskih otokov, Kitajske, Kube, Ekvatorialne Gvineje, Gabona, Gane, Grčije, Hondurasa, Indonezije, Japonske , Jordanija, Koreja, Kuvajt, Laos, Libija, Nigerija, Oman, Pakistan, Paragvaj, Filipini, Portugalska, Katar, Sirija, Švica, Tajvan, Tajska in Tunizija. Če v 90 dneh ne vstopite v Brazilijo, bo vizum razveljavljen, ne glede na to, kako dolgo velja.

Vstopni in izstopni žigi Takoj, ko je brazilska zvezna policija odtisnila vaš potni list, se prepričajte, da je zadnja številka na desnem koncu žiga 1. Številka 1 pomeni, da ste vstopili v državo, številka 2 pa, da ste izstopili. Nekateri zvezni policisti so tujcem ob vstopu pomotoma dali žig številka 2. Če imate žig številke 2 in poskušate podaljšati vizum v mestu, ki ni vaše vstopno pristanišče, boste pozvani, da se vrnete v mesto, kjer ste prejeli napačen žig, da ga bo mogoče popraviti, preden boste lahko prejeli podaljšanje.

• Po zakonu morate ob vstopu predložiti svojo odhodno vozovnico, vendar se to uveljavi le v izjemnih primerih. Tudi če vas vprašajo, se lahko pogosto izognete razlagi, da se z avtobusom peljete v Argentino, in vozovnice ne morete kupiti recimo v Evropi.
• Če turističnega vizuma presežete, boste globo 8,28 USD na dan (od oktobra 2007) za največ 100 dni. To pomeni, da tudi če nezakonito ostanete 5 let, kazen ne bo nikoli presegla 828 R $. To boste morali plačati na mejnem prehodu. Ker to lahko traja nekaj časa, bi bilo pametno, da to storite nekaj dni vnaprej v zvezni policijski pisarni, še posebej, če imate povezavo z domačim in mednarodnim letom. Nato vam bo zvezna policija dala 8 dni časa za izhod iz države. Če ob izstopu ne plačate globe, boste morali plačati naslednjič, ko vstopite. Dejstvo, da ste bili v preteklosti oglobljeni zaradi pretiranega bivanja, običajno ne pomeni prihodnjih težav s priseljevanjem, vendar raje hranite za potrditev vsa potrdila in stare potne liste.
• Če želite iz kakršnega koli razloga vstopiti / izstopiti iz države, ne da bi prišli v stik z organi za priseljevanje, obstajajo številna majhna obmejna mesta, ki skoraj nimajo nadzora. Lokalna policija (ki nima štampiljk ali računalniških registrov za priseljevanje) vam bo morda rekla, naj se obrnete na zvezno policijo v takem in takem bližnjem mestu.
• Ko potujete iz nekaterih tropskih regij v Brazilijo, potrebujete cepljenje proti rumeni mrzlici in potrdilo, da ste to imeli. To je nezakonito vnesti živali, meso, mlečne izdelke, semena, rastline, jajca, med, sadje ali kakršno koli nepredelano hrano brez dovoljenja. Za več informacij se obrnite na [[email protected]].

Z letalom

Najcenejše letalske vozovnice so od februarja (po pustu) do maja in od avgusta do novembra. Vstopnice od New Yorkna primer lahko stane že 699 ameriških dolarjev z davki. Veliko ugodnih letov znotraj Brazilije lahko dobite po ugodnih cenah.

Daleč največje mednarodno letališče v Braziliji je Mednarodno letališče São Paulo-Guarulhos (GRU ^IATA), središče LATAM Airlines, največji brazilski prevoznik, ki ima neposredne lete do številnih glavnih mest v Južna Amerika. Drugi neposredni leti vključujejo:

Severna Amerika: New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, Miami, Orlando, Atlanta, Charlotte, Houston, Dallas, Washington DC. in Toronto.

Evropa: Lizbona in Porto po TAP, Madrid by Iberia, Air Europa, LATAM and Air China, Barcelona by Singapore Airlines, Amsterdam in Pariz by KLM, Air France and LATAM, London by British Airways and LATAM, Frankfurt by Lufthansa and LATAM, München by Lufthansa, Zürich by Swiss, Rome by Alitalia, Milan by LATAM, Istanbul by Turkish Airlines.

Asia: Seoul by Korean Air (via LAX), Doha by Qatar Airways, Abu Dhabi by Etihad, Dubai by Emirates, Singapore by Singapore Airlines (via BCN), and Peking by Air China (via MAD).

Africa: Luanda by TAAG, Johannesburg by SAA, Addis Ababa by Ethiopian.

The second largest airport in Brazil is Rio de Janeiro-Galeão International Airport, (GIG ^IATA) the home of Gol Transportes Aéreos, which flies to many regional destinations including Montevideo, Buenos Aires in Asuncion. Other direct flights include:North America: Delta Air Lines flies to Atlanta, and New York, United Airlines to Washington, D.C., and Houston and American Airlines flies to Charlotte, Miami, Dallas in New York City.Africa: Taag Angola to Luanda about 3 times a week.Europe: Pariz by Air France, Rome by Alitalia, London by British Airways, Madrid by Iberia, Amsterdam by KLM, Frankfurt by Lufthansa, Lisbon in Porto by TAP Portugal.

The Northeastern capitals have slightly shorter flying times to Europe and North America:

Natal (NAT ^IATA): Direct flights to Lisbon by TAP, Amsterdam by Arkefly.

Recife (REC ^IATA): Direct flights to Lisbon by TAP, Miami by American Airlines and Frankfurt by Condor.

Salvador (SSA ^IATA): Direct flights to Lisbon by TAP, Madrid by Air Europa, Frankfurt by Condor, and Miami by American Airlines.

FortalezaFOR ^IATA) : Direct flights to Lisbon by TAP and Cabo Verde by TACV.

In addition to the above, TAP flies directly to Brasilia (BSB ^IATA), Belo Horizonte (CNF ^IATA), Campinas (VCP ^IATA), and Porto Alegre (POA ^IATA).TAP Portugal is the foreign airline with most destinations in Brazil, from Lisbon in Porto, and provides extensive connection onwards to Europe and Africa.

Air travel in Brazil has increased exponentially in the past few years, partly as a result of the poor condition of many Brazilian roads and the absence of any viable railway network (cf India). It is still relatively inexpensive with bargains sometimes available and easily the best option for long distance travel within the country. Some major airports, particularly those in São Paulo and Rio, are, however, becoming very congested.

Z avtom

The main border crossings are at:

• with Uruguay: Chuy/Chuí, Bella Unión/Barra do Quaraí, Artigas/Quaraí, Aceguá/Aceguá, Río Branco/Jaguarão, and between Rivera/Santana do Livramento
• with Argentina: Paso de los Libres/Uruguaiana, Santo Tomé/São Borja, Bernardo de Irigoyen/Dionísio Cerqueira, Tobuna/Paraíso (Santa Catarina), Comandante Andresito/Capanema, and between Puerto Iguazu/Foz do Iguaçu
• with Paraguay: Ciudad del Este/Foz do Iguaçu, Salto del Guaira/Guaíra, and between Pedro Juan Caballero/Ponta Porã
• with Bolivia: Puerto Suarez/Corumbá, Cobija/Brasileia/Epitaciolandia in San Matías/Cáceres
• with Peru: Iñapari/Assis Brasil
• with Colombia: Letícia/Tabatinga No road connections on either side of the border.
• with Guyana: Lethem/Bonfim

In certain border towns, notably Foz do Iguaçu/Ciudad del Este/Puerto Iguazu, you do not need entry/exit stamps or other formalities for a daytrip into the neighbouring country. These same towns are good venues if you for some reason want to cross without contact with immigration authorities.

Z avtobusom

Long-distance bus service connects Brazil to its neighboring countries. The main capitals linked directly by bus are Buenos Aires, Asunción, Montevideo, Santiago de Chile, and Lima. Direct connections from the first three can also be found easily, but from Lima it might be tricky, though easily accomplished by changing at one of the others. Those typically go to São Paulo, though Pelotas has good connections too. It should be kept in mind that distances between Sāo Paulo and any foreign capitals are significant, and journeys on the road may take up to 3 days, depending on the distance and accessibility of the destination. The national land transport authority has listings^{[mrtva povezava]} on all operating international bus lines, and the Green Toad Bus offers bus passes between Brazil and neighbouring countries as well as around Brazil itself.

Moj čoln

Amazon river boats connect northern Brazil with Peru, Venezuela and Colombia. The ride is a gruelling 12 days upriver though.

Od French Guiana, you can cross the river Oyapoque, which takes about 15 minutes.

From the city of Guayaramerín, in Bolivia, you can cross the Mamoré river for the city of Guajará-Mirim, in Rondônia. The crossing last about 5 to 10 minutes.

Z vlakom

Train service within Brazil is almost nonexistent. However, there are exceptions to the rule, including the Trem da Morte, or Death Train, which goes from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, to a small town just over the border from Corumbá in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. There is still a train line from there all the way to São Paulo which is not in use, but bus connections to São Paulo via the state capital, Campo Grande, are plentiful. The journey is reputedly replete with robbers who might steal your backpack or its contents but security has been increased and the journey can be made without much difficulty. It goes through the Bolivian agricultural belt and along the journey one may see a technologically-averse religious community which resembles the USA's Amish in many ways.

Obiti

Z letalom

Brazil Air Pass If you intend to visit various cities within Brazil, you should consider getting a Brazil Air Pass, offered by LATAM or Gol— you purchase between 4 and 9 flight tickets which can be used at any time for any destination within Brazil served by the airline. A typical 4-ticket pass starts at around US $580 while a full 9 tickets will run around US $1150. In addition, Gol also offers a cheaper flight pass good for travel only within the Northeast of the country. These passes can only be obtained before arrival in the country, and you must prove that you have already purchased international return trip tickets or tickets for onward travel.

Air service covers most of Brazil. Many flights make many stops en route, particularly in hubs as São Paulo or Brasilia. Most all airports with regular passenger traffic are operated by the federal.Infraero. They have a very convenient website, with an English version. It lists all the airlines operating at each airport, and also has updated flight schedules.

There are now several Brazilian booking engines that are good (although not perfect) for comparing flights and prices between different companies. They will mostly include an extra fee, hence it is cheaper to book on the airline's own site.

The Brazilian airline scene changes surprisingly often. The largest Brazilian carriers are LATAM, Gol in Azul. VoePass has short-haul flights to smaller airports throughout the country. There are also regional companies.

Booking on the domestic carriers' sites can be frustrating for non-Brazilian citizens. Often, you will be asked for your CPF (national identity number) while paying by credit card. Even if you -as a foreigner- have a CPF, the sites will often not recognize it. Gol now accepts international cards, but the system is buggy (Oct 2010). One trick that might work is to visit one of the airlines' foreign websites, although prices may vary. Many flights can also be found on foreign booking engines where no CPF is needed. If you book weeks in advance, most carriers will give you the option to pay by bank deposit (boleto bancário), which is actually payable by cash not only in banks, but also in a number of supermarkets, pharmacies and other stores. Buying a ticket at a travel agent is generally R$30 more expensive, noting that certain special offers can only be found online.

Many domestic flights have so many stops that some, including yours, may be missing from the listings in the airports. Double check your flight number and confirm with ground staff.

Certain domestic flights in Brazil are "international", meaning that the flight has arrived from abroad and is continuing without clearing all passengers through customs and immigration. This means ALL passengers must do this at the next stop, even those having boarded in Brazil. Do NOT fill out a new immigration form, but show what you were given upon actual arrival to Brazil.

Z avtom

Poglej tudi: Driving in Brazil

Brazil has the largest road network in Latin America with over 1.6 million kilometres. A car is a good idea if you want to explore scenic areas, e.g. the historic cities of Minas Gerais, the Rio-Santos highway, or the beaches in North-East Brazil. There are the usual car rental companies at the airports.Many roads are in good condition, especially in the east and south of the country and along the coast. In other areas and outside the metropolitan regions there are also gravel and dirt roads for which an off-road vehicle can be strongly recommended. This especially applies to the Amazon area where many roads are difficult or not at all passable during the rainy season from November to March. This is why it is advisable to travel with a good map and to be well informed about distances, road conditions and the estimated travel time. Road maps of the brand Guia Quatro Rodas was available in the most newsstands in Brazil until 2015, but they ceased to be published from that year. Cochera andina^{[mrtva povezava]} publishes useful information on almost 300 routes in the country. In theory, the driving rules of Brazil resemble those of Western Europe or North America. In practice, driving in Brazil can be quite scary if you are used to European (even Mediterranean) or North American road culture, due to widespread violations of driving rules, and the toleration thereof.

Distances kept to other vehicles are kept at a bare minimum, overtaking whenever close to possible, and changing lanes without much of a prior signal. Many large cities also suffer from hold-ups when you wait at a red light in the night. Even if there is no risk of robbery, many drivers (including of city buses) run red lights or stop signs at night when they do not see incoming traffic from the cross street. Drivers also indulge in "creative" methods of saving time, such as using the reverse direction lanes. In rural areas, many domestic animals are left at the roadside, and they sometimes wanders into the traffic. Pedestrians take enormous chances crossing the road, since many drivers do not bother to slow down if they see pedestrians crossing. The quality of the paving is very varied, and the presence of enormous potholes is something that strongly discourages night-driving. Also consider the risk of highway hold-ups after dark, not to mention truck drivers on amphetamines (to keep awake for days in a row).

• In Brazil cars are driven on the right hand side of the road.
• A flashing left signal means that the car ahead is warning you not to pass, for some reason. If the car ahead of you wants to show you that it is safe to pass it will flash the right signal. The right signal is the same signal to indicate that you're going to stop on the side of the road, so it means you're going to slow down. On the other hand the left signal is the same signal to indicate you're going to pass the car ahead, meaning you're going to speed up.
• Flashing, twinkling headlights from the cars coming on the opposite side of the road means caution on the road ahead. Most of the time, it indicates that there are animals, cops or speed radar ahead.
• Keep the doors locked when driving, especially in the larger cities, as robberies at stop signs and red lights are quite common in some areas. You'll make it much easier for the robber if he can simply open up the door and sit down. Be equally careful with keeping your windows wide open, as someone might put their hands inside your car and steal a wallet, for instance. Leave your handbags and valuables out of sight.

S kolesom

In smaller cities and towns the bicycle is a common means of transport. This does not mean that cyclists are usually respected by cars, trucks, or bus drivers. But you may find good roads with little traffic outside the cities. It is also easy to get a lift by a pickup or to have the bike transported by a long-distance bus.Cycling path are virtually non-existent in cities, except along certain beachfronts, such as Rio de Janeiro in Recife.

There are bicyclers groups around the country, e.g. Sampa Bikers v São Paulo which meets weekly.

Z vlakom

Brazil's railway system was mostly wrecked during the military regimes. Today, few interstate passenger lines remain after the dismantling and scrapping of rail transport in Brazil. However, there are several urban or short-distance tourist lines between municipalities in the same state, mainly in the southern and southeastern states.

• Od Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais to Vitória, Espírito Santo - Daily trains operated by Vale leave Belo Horizonte at 07:30 and Cariacica (10 km of Vitória), at 07:00. Travel time is about 12½ hours. Seats are limited and it is not possible to reserve, so it is advisable to buy in advance at the Vale's website. The railway is the second longest passenger line of Brazil, almost 700 km long.
• Od São Luis, Maranhão to Parauapebas, Pará - interesting because part of it passes through the Amazon rainforest and it's the longest passenger railway of Brazil, almost 900 km long. It is operated by Vale. The train leaves São Luís at 08:00 on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays. From Paraopebas, the train leaves at 06:00 on Tuesdays, Fridays and Sundays. 15 hours of travel.

By inter-city bus

Long-distance buses are a convenient, economical, and sometimes (usually if you buy the most expensive ticket), rather comfortable way to travel between regions. The bus terminal (rodoviária) in cities play a role akin to train stations in many countries. You should check travel distance and time while traveling within Brazil; going from Rio de Janeiro to the south region could take more than 24 hours, so it may be worth going by plane if you can afford it.

Brazil has a very good long distance bus network. Basically, any city of more than 100,000 people will have direct lines to the nearest few state capitals, and also to other large cities within the same range. Pretty much any little settlement has public transport of some kind (a lorry, perhaps) to the nearest real bus station.

Mostly you have to go to the bus station to buy a ticket, although most major bus companies make reservations and sell tickets by internet with the requirement that you pick up your ticket sometime in advance. In a few cities you can also buy a ticket on the phone and have it delivered to your hotel for an extra charge of some 3-5 reais. Some companies have also adopted the airlines' genius policy of pricing: In a few cases buying early can save you more than 50%. The facility of flagging a bus and hopping on (if there are no available seats you will have to stand, still paying full price) is widespread in the country. This is less likely to work along a few routes where armed robberies have happened frequently, such as those leading to the border with Paraguay and to Foz do Iguaçu.

No bus company serves the whole country, so you mist identify the company that connect two cities by calling the bus station of one city. Some big cities like São Paulo and Rio have more than one bus station, each one covering certain cities around. It is good to check in advance to which bus station you are going.

Busca Ônibus is a useful resource for finding bus schedules.

Bus services are often sold in three classes: Regular, Executive and First-Class (Leito, in Portuguese). Regular may or may not have air conditioning. For long distances or overnight travels, Executive offers more space and a folding board to support your legs. First-Class has even more space and only three seats per row, making enough space to sleep comfortably.

All trips of more than 4 hours are covered by buses with bathrooms and the buses stop for food/bathrooms at least once every 4 hours of travel.

Brazilian bus stations, known as rodoviária ali terminal rodoviário, tend to be located away from city centers. They are often in pretty sketchy areas, so if you travel at night be prepared to take a taxi to/from the station. There will also be local bus lines.

Even if you have a valid ticket bought from elsewhere, some Brazilian bus stations may also require a boarding card. This can be obtained from the bus company, often for a supplement fee. If you buy a ticket in the departure bus station you will also be given this boarding card.

Rodoviárias include many services, including fast-food restaurants, cafés, Internet cafés, toilets and left luggage. As a general rule, the larger the city, the more expensive the services (e.g. leaving a suitcase as left luggage in a smaller city may cost R$1, but in Recife in might cost you R$5).

When buying tickets, as well as when boarding the bus, you may be asked for proof of ID. Brazilian federal law requires this for interstate transportation. Not all conductors know how to read foreign passports, so be prepared to show them that the name of the passport truly is the same as the name on the ticket.

By ride sharing

Intercity buses are rather expensive in Brazil, compared to Paraguay or even Bolivia. However, many people offer shared rides between many popular destinations. The most notable website for finding rides is BlaBlaCar, which also has a rating system for drivers, making the trip very secure, especially for Brazilian standards. This way, you can easily bring down your transport costs by 40-50%. Costs are about R$20 per 100 km.

Also, it can be considerably faster, without unnecessary stops at restaurants and such. The BlaBlaCar website is free, and you only pay the driver directly. But they will almost certainly charge in the future like they do for other countries as well. But until the taxation status of such services (including Uber) is settled by the government, the free system will not change.

Do not underestimate the desire of Brazilians to discuss and talk about each and everything, and to give their opinions about even the most remote nonsense. This can be highly stressful if you got a different temperament, prefer a quiet drive and just want to reach your destination.

By city bus

Most cities have extensive bus services. Multiple companies may serve a single city. There is almost never a map of the bus lines, and often bus stops are unmarked. Be prepared for confusion and wasted time. Google Maps includes some services.

Buses have a board behind the windshield that advertises the main destinations they serve. You may have to ask the locals for information, but they may not know bus lines except the ones they usually take.

In most cities you have to wave to stop the bus when you want to take it. This in itself would not pose a problem; however, in big cities there may be dozens of bus lines stopping at a given bus stop and bus stops are not designed to accommodate so many vehicles. Frequently one cannot observe the oncoming buses due to other buses blocking the view. Bus drivers are reluctant to slow down for a bus stop if they are not sure someone will take their bus, so it is common to miss your bus because you could not see it coming to wave on time or the driver did not see you waving in between buses already at the stop. Some people go into the middle of a busy street to wait for their bus to make sure they see it and the driver sees them. In some places, like Manaus, drivers even tend to ignore stop requests (both to get on and to get off) if it is not too easy to navigate to the bus stop.

Most city buses have both a driver and a conductor. The conductor sits behind a till next to a turnstile. You have to pay the conductor; the price of the bus is usually advertised on the windshield. The turnstiles are narrow, and very inconvenient if one carries any kind of load (try balancing a heavy backpack over the turnstile while the bus is running). Larger buses often have a front section, before the turnstile, meant in priority for the elderly, handicapped and pregnant women - you can use it but you still have to pay! Typical prices are around R$3.

You can try asking the conductor to warn you when the bus is close to your destination. Depending on whether he or she understands you and feels like helping you, you may get help.

In addition to large city buses, there are often minibuses or minivans (alternativo). You pay the driver when you go aboard.

Moj čoln

In northern Brazil, it is possible to travel many distances by boat. In fact, the boat is the main and most accessible means of transport to get around the Amazon, since the Amazon Forest is cut by many rivers and some cities are inaccessible by road. The best boat services in the country are in the Amazon, where you can ride on speedboats and comfortable yachts or small wooden boats. The main navigable rivers are the Amazon River, the Araguaia River, the Xingu River and the Tapajós River. It is necessary to know the geography of the region, as in some places waterfalls are formed.

By e-hailing

Brazil has availability of some e-hailing services, Uber being the largest of them. Notable e-hailing services in Brazil, are:

• Uber. (posodobljeno julij 2020)
• 99Pop. If the app is not available in your Google Play store, you can download it tukaj. (posodobljeno julij 2020)
• Cabify. (posodobljeno julij 2020)

Govori

Poglej tudi: Brazilian Portuguese phrasebook

Non-verbal communication Brazilians use a lot of gestures in informal communication, and the meaning of certain words or expressions may be influenced by them. The thumbs up gesture is used to mean everything's OK, yes or even thanks. Avoid using the OK hand gesture for these meanings, as it can be considered obscene. Wagging your extended index finger back and forth and/or clicking your tongue behind your teeth two or three times means št Using your index finger to pull down one of your lower eyelids means watch out. Stroking your two biggest fingers with your thumb is a way of saying that something is expensive. Snapping a few times means fast ali a long time (ago). Stroking your lips and then snapping means delicious; pinching your earlobe means the same in some regions. Making a fist with your thumb between the index and middle finger, known as the figa, is a sign of good or bad luck depending on the region. Touching the palm with the thumb and making a circular movement with the hand means I am being robbed/ripped off/ in some regions. The hush gesture is considered extremely impolite, about the same as shouting "shut up!" to someone. An informal way to get someone's attention, similar to a whistle, is a hissing sound: "pssiu!" It is not perceived as unpolite, but gets really annoying if repeated too often.

The official language of Brazil is Portuguese, spoken by the entire population (except for a few, very remotely located tribes). Indeed, Brazil has had immigrants from all parts of the world for centuries, whose descendants now speak Portuguese as their mother tongue.

If somebody talks to you in Portuguese, you can simply say "Só falo inglês". It means "I only speak English".

Brazilian Portuguese has a number of pronunciation differences with that spoken in Portugal (and within, between the regions there are some quite extreme accent and slang differences), but speakers of either can understand each other. However, European Portuguese is more difficult for Brazilians to understand than the reverse, as many Brazilian television programs are shown in Portugal. A few words can have a totally different meaning in Brazil and Portugal, usually slang words. Examples of these are "rapariga", which in Portugal means girl, and in Brazil means a prostitute, and "bicha", which in Portugal refers to a line of people, but in Brazil is a derogatory way of referring to a gay person.

angleščina is not widely spoken except in some touristy areas and major hotels. Don't expect bus or taxi drivers to understand English, so it may be a good idea to write down the address you are heading to before getting the cab. In most big and luxurious hotels, it is very likely that some taxi drivers will speak some English. There are many reasons why many Brazilians cannot speak English, but to simplify: there isn't really the "culture" to know foreign languages in Brazil, all foreign films and TV shows are dubbed in Portuguese and at school teachers focus only on grammar rather than actually practicing the language. Most people above 30 never studied English at school and they are very unlikely to know a single word in English. Younger people are more likely to speak English, although with a strong accent. They, generally, have a higher knowledge of the language and will be eager to help you and practice their English.

španski speakers are usually able to get by in Brazil, especially towards the južno, due to the proximity of the states of that region to Uruguay and Argentina and due to the tourists from those countries who visit the states of that region. While written Portuguese can be quite similar to Spanish, spoken Portuguese differs considerably and is much harder to understand. Compare the number 20 which is veinte (BAYN-teh) in Spanish to vinte (VEEN-chee) in Brazilian Portuguese. Even more different is gente (people), pronounced "HEN-teh" in Spanish and "ZHEN-chee" in Brazilian Portuguese. Letters CH, D, G, J, R, RR, and T are particularly difficult for Spanish speakers to understand, and that's without even considering the vowels. Often confusing to Spanish, even English speakers, is the pronunciation of the letter "R" in the beginning of most words. Common first names such as Roberto, Ronaldo and Rolando are not pronounced as you would think: the "R" is pronounced as "H". Thus you would say Hoberto, Honaldo and Holando. If you address Ronaldo with a perfect Spanish pronunciation, he most likely will look at you in confusion and wonder what or who you are speaking to.

Other minority languages ​​are spoken in some parts of Brazil. In the Amazon, several indigenous languages ​​are still spoken, mainly Nheengatu, Tukano and Baniwa, which has co-official status in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, in Amazonas. In the south, in cities that have received German and Italian immigrants, these languages ​​and their dialects are also spoken by a small portion of the population, as in Pomerode, Santa Catarina, which has German and the Pomeranian dialect with co-official status and in Serafina Corrêa and Caxias do Sul, municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul, where the co-official language is Talian, a dialect of the Venetian language spoken in northern Italy. Due to immigration, it is becoming more common in some cities to find speakers of other foreign languages, such as Italian,Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Korean,Arabic,Polish, Ukrainian, French in Haitian Creole.

The primary language of the Brazilian deaf community is Brazilian Sign Language (BSL), known locally as LIBRAS. When an interpreter is present in public, he or she will use BSL. It is influenced by French Sign Language (LSF) and also uses a one-handed manual alphabet very similar to that of LSF. Users of British Sign Language, Auslan, or New Zealand Sign Language, however, will have great difficulty understanding it. Those languages ​​differ markedly in vocabulary and syntax from LSF, and also use a two-handed manual alphabet.

Virtually all movies, in addition to foreign shows broadcast on Brazilian TV channels are dubbed into Portuguese. However, some pay TV channels have dual-audio (original audio with subtitles as an option available to be turned on by the user). If you want to watch the latest movies in English, not dubbed into Portuguese, you may be able to see them in some theaters in the capitals and biggest cities. Look for the Portuguese word "Legendado" (original with subtitles). You are unlikely to find films shown in their original language without subtitles.

Glej

Natural wonders

• Amazon Rainforest - The Amazon River Basin holds more than half of the world's remaining rainforest, and over 60% of that lies within the North of Brazil — approximately one billion acres with incredible biodiversity. The region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, over 40,000 plants species, 2,200 fish species, and more than 2,000 types of birds and mammals. One in five of all the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams.
• Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica) - A region of tropical and subtropical forest which extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the Northeast do Rio Grande do Sul state in the South. The Atlantic Forest has a wide variety of vegetation, including the many tree species such as the iconic araucaria tree in the south or the mangroves of the northeast, dozens of types of bromeliads and orchids, and unique critters such as capivara. The forest has also been designated a World Biosphere Reserve, with a large number of highly endangered species including the well-known marmosets, lion tamarins and woolly spider monkeys. Unfortunately, it has been extensively cleared since colonial times, mainly for the farming of sugar cane and for urban settlements — The remnants are estimated to be less than 10% of the original, and that is often broken into hilltop islands. However, large swaths of it are protected by hundreds of parks, including 131 federal parks, 443 state parks, and 14 municipal parks, most of which are open to visitation.
• The Pantanal - A vast tropical wetland expanse, one of the world's largest. 80% of it lies within the state of Mato Grosso do Sul but it also extends into Mato Grosso (as well as into portions of Bolivia in Paraguay), sprawling over an area estimated at between 140,000 and 195,000 square kilometers (54,000-75,000 sq mi). 80% of the Pantanal floodplains are submerged during the rainy seasons, nurturing an astonishing biologically diverse collection of aquatic plants and helping support a dense array of animal species.
• Waterfalls (Cachoeiras) - Brazil has an amazing range of impressive waterfalls of all sizes and shapes. Iguaçu Falls, in eastern Parana, is one of the most spectacular waterfalls in the world, truly a sight to see. The 353-meter Cachoeira da Fumaça v Bahiaje Chapada Diamantina National Park is the country's second highest waterfall, after the Amazon's almost inaccessible Cachoeira do Araca. Other famous waterfalls include Caracol Falls, in a Rio Grande do Sul state park of the same name near Canela, Itaquira Falls, an easily accessible 168-meter fall near Formosa, Goiás, and the gorge at Parque da Cascata blizu Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais. Aside from the nationally famous falls, in many parts of the country, particularly the South, Southeast, and Central West regions, you are rarely far from at least one locally-famous, named waterfall worth a short hike.

Architecture

• Colonial architecture - Many cities have reminders of Brazil's colonial past, with churches, monasteries, forts, barracks, and other structures still intact. Some of the most concentrated and best-preserved colonial buildings can be found in old gold-mining towns such as Ouro Preto in Tiradentes, but many other cities such as Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis, Salvador, Paraty, and Goiânia have quite significant colonial centers as well.
• Oscar Niemeyer works - Niemeyer, Brazil's most famous architect, is a modern architectural pioneer who explores the aesthetic impact of reinforced concrete, using curves to create buildings with a unique sense of space. He is most famous for designing many of the buildings when the new capital of Brasilia was built in the 1950s, but his works literally dot the country, with major works in Natal, João Pessoa, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, São Paulo, Londrina and other locations.

Ali

Gay travel

Due to its high degree of acceptance and tolerance, gay travel is increasingly popular. Brazil hosted the first gay ball in America in 1754! Nowadays the main lesbian and gay destinations are Rio de Janeiro, which was elected the world's sexiest destination twice, São Paulo, which has the world's largest Pride Parade, Florianópolis, which is the hippest gay hangout and Recife which is attracting more and more lesbian and gay tourists looking for fun and sun. However, caution should still be observed especially in areas outside of major cities, where Brazil remains culturally conservative and deeply Catholic.

Carnaval

The biggest party in the world takes places across the country every year, lasting almost a week in February or early March. It is celebrated in a wide variety of ways, from the giants boneco masks of Olinda in trios elétricos od Salvador to the massive samba parades of Rio de Janeiro in São Paulo. For a relatively more subdued atmosphere, check out the university-style street party of Ouro Preto or the sporty beach party at Ilha do Mel. Don't forget to make your reservations well in advance!

Plaže

Almost the entire coast is lined with fabulous beaches, and the beach lifestyle is a big part of Brazilian culture. Nowhere is that more true than in Rio de Janeiro, with its laidback, flip-flop-footed lifestyle and famous beaches like Ipanema and Copacabana. Beaches in other areas of the country may not have the instant name recognition but are no less amazing. The Northeast has jewels like Jericoacoara, Praia do Futuro, Boa Vista, Porto de Galinhas, and Morro de São Paulo which bring in throngs of travellers, particularly Europeans. Landlocked mineiros go mingle with the rich and famous at Guarapari or dance forró in the sand at Itaunas, while paulistas head for Caraguá ali Ubatuba. V South, weekend revelers flock to Ilha do Mel ali Balneário Camboriú, while the 42 beaches of Santa Catarina Island draw in thousands of Argentianian tourists every year. Hundreds more beaches lie ready to be explored as well. Don't forget those nude beaches in Rio and São Paulo!

Šport

Football

Football (soccer) is the talk of the town wherever your are in Brazil, and the country is brimming with great teams and great players. It is often said that football is not just a sport, but the national religion. While Rio de Janeiro's world-famous Maracanã stadium is under renovation, you can still catch a game at lots of other great venues like the Mineirão v Belo Horizonte ali Morumbi Stadium v São Paulo. The men's national team has won the World Cup a record 5 times, and they have a particularly charged rivalry with their neighbours Argentina.

Brazil's top professional men's league is the Brasileirão, and the league is a very competitive one with no shortage of passion from the fans. The "big twelve" clubs in Brazil, sorted by city are:

• In Belo Horizonte
  • Atlético Mineiro
  • Cruzeiro

• In Porto Alegre
  • Grêmio
  • Internacional

• In Rio de Janeiro
  • Botafogo
  • Flamengo
  • Fluminense
  • Vasco da Gama

• In São Paulo
  • Corinthians
  • Palmeiras
  • Santos
  • São Paulo

There are numerous intense rivalries between Brazil's big clubs, but perhaps the most well-known ones are the Paulista Derby between Coronthians and Palmeiras, Fla-Flu between Flamengo and Fluminense, and O Clássico dos Milhões between Flamengo and Vasco da Gama.

Other sports

• Volleyball - While soccer is the main sport in Brazil, volleyball is extremely popular as well. In addition to the standard indoor sport known the world over, there are several other varieties you can play or watch in Brazil:

• Beach volleyball - It is very common to find spaces on the beaches where you can play beach volleyball, but this version of the sport possess a different code of rules than indoor volleyball (for example instead of six players, only two players are allowed to play on each team).

• Footvolley - Created in Brazil, this challenging sport is essentially beach volleyball played with the ball and no-hands rules of soccer.

• Biribol - Another Brazilian original, biribol, named after the city of Birigüi where it was invented, is an aquatic version of volleyball, played in a 1.3-meter-deep pool with 4 players on each team and a ball similar to a water-polo ball.

Nakup

Money

Exchange rates for Brazilian reais As of January 2021: US$1 ≈ R$5.20 €1 ≈ R$6.37 UK£1 ≈ R$7.12 Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available from XE.com

Brazil's unit of currency is the Real (pronounced 'hay-AHL'), plural Reais ('hay-ICE'), denoted "R$" (ISO code: BRL), commonly referred to as a "conto" (slang) or "pila" (a slang term for the currency in Rio Grande do Sul). One real is divided into 100 centavos. As an example of how prices are written, R$1,50 means one real and fifty centavos.

Small shops or street vendors are unlikely to have change for R$100 (and sometimes R$50) notes. Travelers would be wise to spend those at busy restaurants or grocery stores to keep an adequate supply of small bills on hand.

Foreign currency such as US dollars or euros can be exchanged major airports and luxury hotels (bad rates), exchange bureaus and major branches of Banco do Brasil (no other banks), where you need your passport and your immigration form.

The real is a free-floating currency and has become stronger in the past few years. Especially for US citizens, prices (based on exchange rates) have increased quite a bit.

There are many federal regulations for dealings with foreign currency, trading in any currency other than real in Brazil is considered illegal, although some places in big cities and bordering towns accept foreign money and many exchange offices operate in a shady area. In addition, exchange offices are almost impossible to find outside of big cities. Currency other than US dollars and euros is hard to exchange and the rates are ridiculous. If you would like to exchange cash at a bank, be prepared to pay a hefty commission. For example, Banco do Brasil collects US$15 for each transaction (regardless of amount). Also, travelling with a backpack, you are out of luck getting into banks, because they have annoying security doors and rules. And even if you get in and exchange is possible, you will have to queue for 30 min or so with other regular customers.

It is thus best to rely on ATM, most machines are giving cash without fees.

Banking

Look for an ATM with your credit/debit card logo on it. Velike podružnice Banco do Brasil (zaračunajo 6,50 R $ na dvig) imajo običajno eno, večina vseh naprav Bradesco, Citibank, BankBoston in HSBC pa bo delovala. Banco 24 Horas je mreža bankomatov, ki sprejemajo tuje kartice (zaračunajo 10 R $ na dvig). Omejitve dviga so običajno 600 R $ (Bradesco) ali 1000 R $ (BB, HSBC, B24H) na transakcijo, v vsakem primeru pa 1000 R $ na dan. Slednjim se lahko izognemo z več zaporednimi dvigi, z izbiro različnih "računov", torej "kreditne kartice", "preverjanja", "prihrankov". Večina bankomatov ne deluje ali vam bodo po 22:00 zagotovo dali 100 R $.

Marca 2021 je bilo mogoče denar brezplačno dvigniti le z mednarodno kreditno kartico banke Bradesco.

V manjših mestih je možno, da ni bankomata, ki sprejema tuje kartice. Zato morate imeti vedno dovolj gotovine.

Povezovanje denarja v Brazilijo je mogoče Western Union^{[mrtva povezava]} nakazila, ki jih je treba prevzeti v poslovalnici Banco do Brasil v večini mest, in tudi kar nekaj menjalnic.

Potniške čeke je težko unovčiti kjer koli, ki ne nudi menjave valut.

Večina brazilskih trgovin zdaj sprejema glavne kreditne kartice. Kar nekaj spletnih trgovin pa sprejema le kartice, izdane v Braziliji, čeprav imajo mednarodni logotip takih kart.

Kovanci so 0,05 R $, 0,10 R $, 0,25 R $, 0,50 R $ in 1 R $. Nekatera poimenovanja imajo več različnih oblik. Računi so v naslednjih apoenih: $ 2, R $ 5, R $ 10, R $ 20 R $ 50 in R $ 100.

Prekuhavanje

Medtem nasveti lahko včasih dobite za nekatere storitve, dostavo ali turizem, nasveti so zelo redki. V kabinah običajno ni pričakovati, čeprav občasno zaokrožijo ceno. Številne restavracije vključujejo 10% stroškov dostave v opombi, pri čemer niso potrebni nadaljnji nasveti. Takšna dajatev je pogosto odvisna od občine. Napitkanje natakarjev ni običajno.

Spominki

Podobno kot v preostali Latinski Ameriki lahko tudi ročno izdelane nakit in dodatke najdete kjer koli, zlasti na turističnih območjih, vendar bodo bistveno dražji. V regijah z večjim afro-brazilskim prebivalstvom jih boste našli več Spominki pod afriškim vplivom, vključno s črnimi lutkami. Havaianas japonke so v Braziliji cenovno dostopne in na voljo, supermarketi pa so pogosto najboljše mesto za nakup - majhne trgovine običajno prodajajo lažne ali ponarejene. Če imate v torbah prostor, brazilski tkani bombaž viseča mreža je tudi lep, funkcionalen nakup. Še en zanimiv in zabaven element je a peteca, nekakšen ročni raket, ki se uporablja v istoimenski tradicionalni igri, ki je podobna odbojki.

Nakupovanje

Ni slabo, da si v nekaj dneh po prihodu spakirate luč in si priskrbite brazilsko garderobo. Kot turist boste postali manj očitni in vam bodo ponujali mesece zadovoljnega veseljačenja domov o ugodnih ugodnih akcijah, kadar koli vas pohvalijo glede oblačil. Brazilci imajo svoj občutek za slog in zaradi tega turisti - zlasti tisti v havajskih majicah ali sandalih z nogavicami - izstopajo v množici. Zabavajte se v nakupovanju in se premešajte. Še en dober razlog za nakup oblačil in obutve v Braziliji je ta, da je kakovost običajno dobra in cene pogosto poceni. Vendar to ne velja za nobeno tujo blagovno znamko, saj je uvoz obremenjen z visokimi uvoznimi davki - zato ne pričakujte ugodnih cen za znamke, kot so Diesel, Levi's, Tommy Hilfiger itd. Če želite ugotoviti velikost svojih brazilskih hlač, izmerite pas v centimetrih, delite z 2 in zaokrožite na naslednje sodo število.

Na izložbah trgovin se pogosto prikaže cena, ki ji sledi "X 5" ali "X 10" itd. To je obročna prodajna cena. Prikazana cena je cena na obrok, tako da na primer "50 X 10 USD" pomeni 10 plačil (običajno mesečno) po 50 R $. Dejanska cena je pogosto nižja, če plačate z gotovino.

Poskrbite, da bodo vse naprave, ki jih kupite, dvonapetostne ali enake kot v vaši državi. Brazilija je 60 Hz, zato ne kupujte električnih ur ali brez baterijskih pogonov, če živite v Evropi ali Avstraliji. Napetost pa se razlikuje glede na državo ali celo regije znotraj iste države. (glej Elektrika spodaj).

Aparati in elektronika brazilske izdelave so dragi. Če ne, so običajno slabe kakovosti. Vsa elektronika je draga v primerjavi z evropskimi ali ameriškimi cenami. Cene uvoženega elektronskega blaga so lahko zaradi visokega uvoznega davka precej drage, nabor domačih elektronskih pripomočkov pa ni zelo širok.

Čeprav moč resničnosti pomeni, da nakupovanje v Braziliji ni več poceni, je še vedno veliko ugodnih ponudb, zlasti usnjenih izdelkov, vključno s čevlji (velikosti so sicer različne). Oblačila na splošno so dober nakup, zlasti za ženske, za katere obstaja veliko elegantnih predmetov. Tudi ulični trgi, ki so pogosti, so zelo dobra možnost, vendar se izogibajte blagovnim znamkam, kot je "Nike" - plačali boste več in verjetno je ponaredek. Ne bojte se "otipati" predmeta. Če se ne počuti prav, najverjetneje ni! Če oznake ni, je verjetno brazilska, vendar so nekateri izdelki brazilske izdelave manj trpežni kot njihovi ameriški ali evropski kolegi.

Jej

Poglej tudi: Brazilska kuhinja

Kuhinja

Brazilska kuhinja je tako raznolika kot njena geografija in kultura, ki temelji na raznolikosti poljščin, živine in morskih sadežev, pridelanih v državi. Po drugi strani se morda nekaterim zdi to nerafinirana melanža, vsakdanja vožnja pa je lahko neprisiljena in enolična. Medtem ko je nekaj povsem edinstvenih jedi regionalnega izvora, so številne jedi prinesli čezmorski priseljenci in so bile skozi generacije prilagojene lokalnim okusom. Italijanska in kitajska hrana v Braziliji je pogosto lahko tako zmedena kot amazonska hrana.

Običajno se imenuje brazilsko kompletno kosilo prato feito, s svojimi brati in sestrami komercialni in izvršilno. Riž in rjavi fižol v omaki, z majhnim zrezkom. Včasih pridejo zraven še farofa, špageti, zelenjava in pomfrit. Goveje meso lahko nadomestimo s piščancem, ribami ali drugimi.

Odlično morski sadeži je mogoče najti v obalnih mestih, zlasti v Severovzhod.

Jedi

• Brazilska nacionalna jed je feijoada, krepka enolončnica iz črnega fižola, svinjine (ušesa, zrezki, kotleti, klobase) in govedine (običajno posušene). Postrežemo ga z rižem, okrašenim z zelenjavo in narezanimi pomarančami. Ni na voljo v vsaki restavraciji; tisti, ki ga strežejo, ga običajno ponujajo ob sredah in sobotah. Tipična napaka turistov je, da jedo preveč feijoada ob prvem srečanju. To je težka jed - tudi Brazilci jo običajno jedo skromno.
• Brazilski prigrizki, lanci (sendviči) in salgadinhos (najbolj karkoli drugega), vključuje široko paleto peciva. Iskati coxinha (ocvrt piščanec s testo), empada (drobna pita, ki je ne gre zamenjati z empanado - empati in empanade so povsem različni predmeti), in pastelno (ocvrti promet). Druga pogosta malica je misto quente, stisnjen, opečen sendvič s šunko in sirom. Pão-de-queijo, zvitek iz maniokine moke in sira, je zelo priljubljen, zlasti v Minas Gerais država - pão-de-queijo in skodelica sveže brazilske kave je klasična kombinacija.

Še več:

• Farofa. Cassava moka, ocvrta s koščki slanine in čebule; standardna karbonska priloga v restavracijah, skupaj z belim rižem. (posodobljeno junij 2018)
• Feijão verde. Zeleni fižol z gratiniranim sirom. (posodobljeno junij 2018)
• Paçoca. Goveje meso je mešano s kasavo moko v a pilão (velika malta z velikim pestičem). Tradicionalna kavbojska hrana. (posodobljeno junij 2018)
• Pastel. Globoko ocvrto pecivo, napolnjeno s sirom, mletim mesom ali šunko. (posodobljeno junij 2018)
• Tapioka (Beiju de tapioka). Izdelano iz kasavega škroba, znanega tudi kot škrob tapioke. Ko se segreje v ponvi, se strdi in postane vrsta palačinke ali suhe krepe, oblikovane kot disk. Nekateri ga bodo postregli prepognjenega na polovico, drugi ga bodo povaljali v obliki rocambole. Nadev je različen, lahko pa ga naredimo sladkega ali slanega, pri čemer so najbolj tradicionalni okusi: nariban kokos / kondenzirano mleko (sladko), goveji mesnat sir / navadni sir, navaden sir in maslo (slano). Vendar je postala "gurmetizirana" hrana, ki jo je treba obravnavati kreativno; nutella, čokolada, napolitano (pica sir / šunka / paradižnik / origano) in razrezani piščančji prsi / sir catupiry so danes skoraj običajne možnosti. (posodobljeno junij 2018)
• Brigadeiro. Tradicionalna brazilska sladica iz 40. let 20. stoletja, narejena iz kakava v prahu, kondenziranega mleka in masla, je prekrivala čokoladne posipke. (posodobljeno junij 2018)

Regionalne kuhinje

• Južni - Churrasco je brazilski žar in ga običajno postrežejo "rodizio" ali "espeto corrido" (vse, kar lahko pojeste). Natakarji nosijo ogromne koščke mesa na jeklenih ražnjih od mize do mize in rezine narežejo na svoj krožnik (s kleščami zagrabite rezino mesa in se ne dotikajte roba noža s srebrno posodo, da se rob ne otopi). Običajno dobite majhen lesen blok, obarvan zeleno na eni strani in rdeče na drugi strani. Ko ste pripravljeni za jesti, postavite zeleno stran navzgor. Ko ste preveč nagačeni, da bi celo natakarju povedali, da imate dovolj, položite rdečo stran navzgor ... Rodizio kraji imajo bife za nemasne izdelke; pazite, da ponekod sladice ne veljajo za glavni bife in jih plačujejo kot dodatek. Večina restavracij s churrasco (churrascarias) služijo tudi drugim vrstam hrane, zato je varno, da se tja odpravite s prijateljem, ki v resnici ne mara mesa. Čeprav so churrascarias ponavadi dokaj draga mesta (za brazilske standarde) na severu, v osrednjem in podeželskem območju države, so ponavadi veliko cenejša kot na jugu in v velikih mestih, kjer jih obiskujejo tudi manj premožni.
• Mineiro je "rudarska" kulinarika Minas Gerais, na osnovi svinjine in fižola, z nekaj zelenjave. Jedi iz Goiása so podobne, vendar uporabite nekatere lokalne sestavine, kot so pequi in guariroba. Kulinarika Minas Gerais, če se ji ne zdi posebej okusna, ima domač občutek, ki ga zelo cenijo.
• Hrana za Bahia, na severovzhodni obali ima korenine čez Atlantik v vzhodni Afriki in indijsko kuhinjo. Kokos, palmovo olje dende, pekoča paprika in morski sadeži so glavne sestavine. Namig: pekoča ("quente") pomeni veliko popra, hladna ("frio") pomeni manj ali sploh ne popra. Če si ga upate pojesti vroče poskusite acarajé (pečenke s kozicami) in vatapá (pitna juha iz črnega fižola).
• Espírito Santo in Bahia imajo dve različici različice moqueca, čudovita enolončnica z morskimi sadeži na paradižnikovi osnovi, pripravljena v posebni glineni posodi.
• Amazonski kuhinja črpa iz hrane domorodnih prebivalcev, vključno z različnimi eksotičnimi ribami in zelenjavo. Obstaja tudi izjemno raznoliko tropsko sadje.
• CearáV njeni hrani so odlični morski sadeži in je znano, da ima najboljše rakovice v državi. Tako priljubljen je, da ga dobesedno vsak vikend obišče na tisoče ljudi Praia do Futuro v Fortalezi jesti ocvrte ribe in rakovice (običajno jim sledi hladno pivo).

Brazilske "fusion" kuhinje

• Pica je zelo priljubljen v Braziliji. V mestu Sāo Paulo bodo popotniki našli najvišjo stopnjo picarij na prebivalca v državi. Raznolikost okusov je izjemno velika, nekatere restavracije ponujajo več kot 100 vrst pice. Omeniti velja razliko med evropsko "mocarelo" in brazilsko "mussarelo". Razlikujejo se po okusu, videzu in poreklu, pogosto pa je na voljo tudi bivolja mocarela ("mussarela de búfala"). Brazilska "mussarela", ki je na vrhu večine pic, je rumene barve in močnejšega okusa. V nekaterih restavracijah, zlasti na jugu, pica nima paradižnikove omake. Druge jedi italijanskega izvora, kot npr macarrão (makaroni), lasanha in drugi so prav tako zelo priljubljeni.
• Bližnjevzhodni in Arabski (pravzaprav Libanonski) hrana je široko dostopna. Večina možnosti ponuja visoko kakovost in veliko raznolikosti. Nekatere vrste bližnjevzhodne hrane, kot npr quibe in esfiha so prilagojeni in so na voljo na stojnicah s prigrizki in restavracijah s hitro prehrano po vsej državi. Najdete lahko tudi stojnice za šawarmo (kebab), ki jih Brazilci imenujejo "churrasco grego" (grški žar)
• São Paulo Japonski restavracije strežejo veliko tempure, jakisobe, sušija in sashimija. Sorta je dobra in večinoma so cene zelo privlačne v primerjavi z Evropo, ZDA in Japonsko. Večina japonskih restavracij ponuja tudi rodizio ali bife možnost, z enako kakovostjo, kot če bi naročili iz menija. Včasih pa je to lahko precej odmik od prave stvari. Brazilske suši pogosto uporabljajo obilne količine kremnega sira in majoneze, panirani suši s tara omako ("vroči zvitki") so tako priljubljeni kot suši iz "surovih rib". Lahko rečemo enako Kitajski hrana, spet z nekaj različicami od tradicionalne. Jajčne restavracije (ali tiste, ki ponujajo japonsko hrano) so veliko bolj običajne kot kitajske in jih lahko najdete v številnih brazilskih mestih, zlasti v državi São Paulo.

Restavracije

• Restavracije na račun dodajo 10-odstotno dajatev za storitev in to je na splošno edina napitnina, ki jo plačajo v Braziliji. Ni obvezno, vendar je zahteva po odstranitvi bremenitve pogosto zelo nesramna in je običajno rezervirana za slabe storitve. Če res želite dati napitnino, zadostuje 5-10 R $ in verjetno bo res presenetil tudi vaš strežnik.
• Obstajata dve vrsti samopostrežnih restavracij, včasih z obema možnostma na voljo na enem mestu: samopostrežni bifeji z mizami z žarom, imenovani rodízio, ali cena na težo (por quilo ali quilão), zelo pogosta med kosilom po vsej Braziliji. Naložite se v samopostrežni bife in postavite svoj krožnik na tehtnico, preden ga zaužijete. Še posebej na jugu je običajen tradicionalni italijanski "galeto". Za mizo vam bodo postregli z različnimi vrstami testenin, solat, juh in mesa (večinoma piščanca).
• Stranke po zakonu smejo obiskati kuhinjo, da preverijo, kako ravnajo s hrano, čeprav je to izjemno redko in bo to verjetno videti nenavadno in nevljudno.
• Nekatere brazilske restavracije strežejo samo obroke v dvoje. Iz menija morda ne bo razvidno, zato vprašajte natakarja. Večina restavracij v tej kategoriji dovoljuje "polovico" takšnih krožnikov (meia-porção), po 60-70% cene. Tudi pari v restavracijah pogosto sedijo drug ob drugem in ne nasproti; upoštevajte napotke svojega natakarja ali izrazite svoje želje, ko sedite.
• Hitra hrana je priljubljena, zato si je vredno privoščiti hamburgerje in hrenovke ("cachorro-quente", v dobesednem prevodu). Brazilski sendviči so na voljo v številnih sortah, s sestavinami, kot so majoneza, slanina, šunka, sir, solata, paradižnik, koruza, grah, rozine, pomfrit, kečap, jajca, kumarice itd. Pogumni jedci bodo morda poskusili tradicionalni popolni hrenovko (samo vprašajte za completo), ki bo poleg žemlje in klobase vseboval vse razstavljene. Vseprisotna x-burger (in njegove sorte x-salada, x-tudo itd.) ni tako skrivnostno, kot se sliši: izgovorjava črke "X" v portugalščini zveni kot "sir", od tod tudi ime.
• Velike verige: Burger s hitro hrano Bob's najdemo po vsej državi in ​​v državi obstaja že skoraj toliko časa kot McDonald's. Obstaja tudi nacionalna veriga hitre prehrane, imenovana Habibov ki kljub imenu poleg arabske hrane streže tudi pico. Tudi Burger King in Subway sta zelo razširjena.

Pijte

Alkohol

Brazilska nacionalna pijača je cachaça (cah-shah-sah, poznan tudi kot aguardente ("goreča voda") in pinga), 40-odstotna alkoholna pijača iz sladkornega trsa, za katero je znano, da precej hitro iztrebi neopazne. Poskusiti ga je mogoče v skoraj vseh lokalih v državi. Znane pridelovalne regije vključujejo Minas Gerais, kjer so ogledi destilarn in mesta Parati. Pirassununga je dom Caninhe 51, najbolj prodajane brazilske blagovne znamke. Zunaj Fortaleza obstaja muzej cachaça (Museu da Cachaça), kjer lahko spoznate zgodovino blagovne znamke Ypioca.

Pitje cachaçe naravnost ali mešanje le kančka medu ali malo limetinega soka je običajna navada na severovzhodu države, vendar se moč cachaçe lahko skriva v koktajlih, kot so znani caipirinha, kjer je primešan sladkorju, limetinemu soku in ledu. Uporaba vodke namesto cachaça je vzdevek caipiroska ali caipivodka; z belim rumom je a caipiríssima; in zaradi sake je a caipisaque (ne v vseh regijah). Imenuje se še ena zanimiva izmišljotina kapeta ("hudič"), narejen iz cachaçe, kondenziranega mleka, cimeta, guarane v prahu (blago poživilo) in drugih sestavin, ki se razlikujejo glede na regijo. Če uživate v žganju ali žganju, poskusite ostarela cachaça. Globok in kompleksen, ta zlato obarvan alkohol ni nič drugega kot vseprisotna bistra tekočina, ki jo pogosteje vidimo. Zabaven izlet je do "alambique" - lokalne destilarne, ki jih je po vsej državi na tisoče - ne samo, da boste lahko videli, kako je žganje narejeno iz surovega trsnega sladkorja, verjetno boste dobili tudi boljšo ceno .

Dobro poskusiti je brazilski viski! Dejansko gre za 50% uvoženega škota - sestavine slada in približno 50% brazilskega žitnega žganja. Naj vas ne zavajajo ameriško zveneča imena, kot je "Wall Street". Ni burbon. Dobra vrednost za denar in se ne razlikuje od običajnih britanskih mešanic.

Medtem uvoženi alkohol je zelo drago, številne mednarodne blagovne znamke v Braziliji izdelujejo z licenco, zaradi česar so široko dostopne in dokaj poceni. Pijačo lahko kupite brez davka po pristanku na brazilskih letališčih, vendar je na splošno dražja od nakupa zunaj letališč.

Pivo

Pivo v Braziliji ima zaradi nemških priseljencev ugledno zgodovino. Večina brazilskih blagovnih znamk piva je ponavadi precej manj gosta in grenka kot nemško, dansko ali angleško pivo. Več kot 90% vsega piva, ki ga zaužijemo v Braziliji, je Pilsner in ga običajno pijemo zelo mrzlo (pri temperaturi blizu 0 ° C). Najbolj priljubljene domače znamke so Brahma, Antarktika, in Skol. Tradicionalne blagovne znamke vključujejo Bohemija, Caracu (močan), Izvirnik in Serra Malte (še en močan). V lokalih jih zlahka najdemo in jih je vredno poskusiti, vendar so običajno dražja od priljubljenih piv. Obstaja tudi nekaj vrhunskih piv, ki jih najdemo le v nekaterih barih in supermarketih; če želite poskusiti dobro brazilsko pivo, poiščite Baden Baden, Kolorado, Eisenbahn, Petra, Theresopolis in drugi. Obstaja tudi nekaj mednarodnih piv, ki jih proizvajajo nacionalne pivovarne, kot sta Heineken in Stella Artois, in imajo nekoliko drugačen okus v primerjavi z originalnimi pivi.

Obstajata dva načina pitja piva v barih: točeno ali stekleničeno pivo. Točeno pivo lager se imenuje chope ali chopp ('SHOH-pee') in se običajno postreže z enim centimetrom pene, vendar se lahko pritožite natakarju, če je pena stalno debelejša od te. V lokalih natakar navadno zbira prazne kozarce in steklenice na mizi in jih nadomešča s polnimi, dokler ga ne prosite, naj se ustavi v sistemu za polnjenje "tap". Pri ustekleničenem pivu si steklenice (600 ml ali 1 l) delijo vsi za mizo in jih natočijo v majhne kozarce, namesto da bi jih pili naravnost iz steklenice. Brazilci imajo svoje pivo skoraj ledeno hladno, zato steklenice piva, da bi ohranili temperaturo, pogosto hranijo v izolirani polistirenski posodi na mizi.

Vino

Rio Grande do Sul je vodilni vino proizvodna regija. Obstajajo številne vinogradniške kmetije, ki so odprte za obiskovalce in degustacije vin, ter vinske kleti, ki prodajajo vino in fermentirani grozdni sok. Ena od teh kmetij, odprtih za obiskovalce, je Vinarija Salton, ki se nahaja v mestu Bento Gonçalves. The Dolina Sao Francisca, ob meji zveznih držav Pernambuco in Bahia, je najnovejša vinorodna regija v državi. Brazilska vina so običajno bolj sveža, sadna in manj alkoholna kot denimo francoska. Priljubljene blagovne znamke, kot so Sangue de Boi, Canção in Božiček Felicidade in druge s cenami pod 6,00 R $ običajno obravnavamo kot smeti.

V Minas Gerais, iskati licor de jabuticaba (alkohol jabuticaba) oz vinho de jabuticaba (vino jabuticaba), izvrstna vijolično črna pijača sladkega okusa. Jabuticaba je ime majhnega grozdju podobnega črnega sadja, ki izvira iz Brazilije.

Kava in čaj

Brazilija je po vsem svetu znana po visokokakovostni močni kavi. Kavarna je tako priljubljen, da lahko imenuje obroke (tako kot riž na Kitajskem, Japonskem in v Koreji): imenuje se zajtrk v Braziliji kavarna da manhã (jutranja kava), medtem ko kavarna com pão (kava s kruhom) oz kavarna da tarde (popoldanska kava) pomeni lahek popoldanski obrok. Cafezinho (majhna kava) je majhna skodelica močne, sladkane kave, ki jo običajno postrežemo po obrokih v restavracijah (včasih brezplačno, samo vljudno vprašajte). Filtrirano kavo v steklenicah v bolj kakovostnih restavracijah nadomeščajo močnejše espresso skodelice.

Chá, ali čaj v portugalščini, najpogosteje najdemo v njej Assam različica (oranžna, svetlo obarvana). V nekaterih bolj specializiranih čajnicah in kavarnah bosta na voljo tudi Earl Grey in zeleni čaj.

Mate je infuzija, podobna čaju, ki vsebuje veliko kofeina. Popečena različica, ki jo pogosto postrežejo ohlajeno, se uživa po vsej državi Chimarrão (mimogrede imenovan mate v sosednjih špansko govorečih državah) je vroč, grenak ekvivalent, ki ga najdemo na jugu in ga zelo cenijo gaúchos (Prebivalci Rio Grande do Sul). Tererê je hladna različica Chimarrão, pogosta v Mato Grosso do Sul in Mato Grosso država.

Gazirane pijače

Če želite Koks v Braziliji prosite za koka ali koka-kola, saj "cola" v portugalščini pomeni "lepilo".

Guaraná je gazirana brezalkoholna pijača iz Guarana jagodičje, ki izvira iz Amazonije. Glavne blagovne znamke so Antarktika in Kuat, slednja je v lasti Coke. Pureza je manj znana garana brezalkoholna pijača, posebej priljubljena v Santa Catarina. Obstaja tudi "Guaraná Jesus", ki je priljubljen v Maranhão. Skoraj vse regije v Braziliji imajo lastne lokalne različice guarane, nekatere pa se lahko v dobrem in slabem precej razlikujejo od standardne "Antarktike". Če potujete v Amazonas, poskusite hladen "Baré", ki ga je zaradi velike priljubljenosti v Manausu kupila Antarktika in je vse bolj na voljo po vsej severni Braziliji.

Tubaína je gazirana brezalkoholna pijača, nekoč zelo priljubljena med Brazilci (zlasti tistimi, rojenimi v 70., 80. in zgodnjih 90. letih), ki jo je zelo težko najti. Nekoč ga je "Brahma" masovno proizvajala, preden se je osredotočil samo na pivo. Če slučajno najdete prostor, ki ga prodaja, poskusite.

Mineirinho (ali Mate Couro) je tudi priljubljena brezalkoholna pijača iz guarane in tipičnega brazilskega lista Chapéu de Couro. Čeprav večina Brazilcev pravi, da ima okus po travi, starejši (70 let) trdijo, da ima pijača zdravilne lastnosti.

Sadni sokovi

Sadni sokovi so v Braziliji zelo priljubljeni. Nekatera mesta, predvsem Rio de Janeiro, na skoraj vsakem vogalu imajo lokale s sadnim sokom.

• Nič ne bije kokosova voda (água de coco) v vročem dnevu. (Poudarite prvo o, sicer se bo pojavil kot "poo" (cocô)). Večinoma se prodaja kot kokosov gelado v samem kokosu, pijan s slamico. Prodaj prodajalce mačet, da kokos prerežejo na polovico, da boste lahko po zaužitju vode jedli meso.
• Açai (sadje iz Amazonije) je okusno in hranljivo (bogato z antioksidanti) in ga lahko najdemo po državah. V regiji Amazonka se uporablja kot dopolnilo k vsakdanji prehrani, ki jo pogosto jedo skupaj z rižem in ribami v glavnem dnevnem obroku. Zanimivo je, da se zunaj amazonske regije običajno uporablja v kombinaciji z gvarano (poživilo) v prahu in banano, da ponovno oživi poznonočno zabavo. Postreže se hladno in ima konsistenco mehkega ledu. Na voljo so tudi sladoledi açai.
• Maracuja (pasijonka) (previdno med aktivnim dnem, ker ima sproščujoč učinek)
• Caju (indijski sadež) in
• Garapa: sveže stisnjen sok sladkornega trsa
• Manga (mango) so tudi odlične izkušnje s sokom.
• Mangaba
• Umbu
• Vitamina: mlečni napitek s svežim sadjem

Brazilci imajo odličen okus pri mešanju sokov.

Spi

Visoka sezona v Braziliji sledi koledarju šolskih počitnic, decembra in januarja (poletje) pa sta najbolj obremenjena meseca. Novo leto, karneval (premično med februarjem in marcem, gl Razumeti zgoraj) in Veliki teden sta najvišja obdobja, cene pa lahko narastejo, zlasti v obalnih mestih, kot sta Rio in Salvador. Med temi počitnicami številni hoteli omejijo rezervacije na 3 ali 4 dni in jih zaračunajo vnaprej.

Hoteli jih je na skoraj vseh območjih Brazilije in segajo od luksuznih letovišč na plaži do zelo skromnih in poceni možnosti. Brazilski odbor za ureditev turizma določa posebne minimalne atribute za vsako vrsto objekta, ker pa ocena 1-5 zvezdic ne velja več, vnaprej preverite, ali vaš hotel nudi takšne storitve, kot jih pričakujete.

Pousada pomeni gostišče (lokalna ustreznica francoščini Auberge ali Britanec penzion) in so ponavadi enostavnejši od hotelov in ponujajo manj storitev (sobna postrežba, pralnica itd.). Pousadas so še bolj razširjeni kot hoteli.

V divjini, kot je Pantanal, popotniki običajno ostanejo v fazende, ki so ranči z gosti. V majhnih mestih Minas Geraisa so ljudje radi hotéis-fazenda (kmetijski hoteli), kjer lahko plavate, se vozite, hodite, igrate nogomet in kampirate ter spate v slikovitih barakah.

Prav tako je zabavno dogajanje na čoln hotel ki vas bodo popeljali v nedostopna mesta na rekah in jezerih za odlične ribiške izlete ali za preprosto sprostitev ter opazovanje in fotografiranje divjih živali, ki jih je v Pantanalu zelo veliko. Čolni so veliki, varni in udobni v klimatiziranih sobah (zelo nujno). Več majhnih aluminijastih čolnov z izvenkrmnim motorjem, ki jih vozi hotel s čolni, ki jih vozi izkušen ribič / vodnik, bo popeljalo 2 ali 3 turiste do najboljših "točk".

Mladina hostli (albergues da juventude) postajajo vse bolj pogosti.

Številni hoteli dajejo popuste, če v sredini ne uporabljate spletnega mesta z monopolnimi rezervacijami, zlasti v Riu. Torej, neposredno preverite njihovo spletno mesto ali jim spustite sporočilo.

Moteli vs hoteli

Hitro opozorilo; v Braziliji "motel" ni enak tistemu, ki ga običajno najdemo v ZDA. Izraz motel v Latinski Ameriki se običajno nanaša na kraj nastanitve, kjer sobe najemajo kratkoročno, običajno za romantične dodelitve. Nasprotno pa so hoteli počitniški kraji in so običajno družinam prijazni. Številni hoteli osebam, ki niso prijavljene kot gostje, ne dovolijo, da bi šli preko recepcije. To je namenjeno varnosti gostov in hotelskega osebja ter zaščiti ugleda hotela v še vedno kulturno konzervativni in katoliški državi. Tako bodo obiskovalci, ki iščejo prostor za uživanje v fizični družbi drugega, pogosto uporabljali motele. Tudi zasebnost je nekaj posebnega v Braziliji, saj otroci pogosto živijo doma, dokler se ne poročijo. Iz tega in drugih praktičnih razlogov pari, tudi poročeni pari, ki želijo malo intimnosti, včasih najamejo sobo v motelu. Ti moteli so pogosti v Braziliji in nimajo družbene stigme, ki je bila včasih povezana s tako imenovanimi moteli "ne povej" v ZDA ali Kanadi. Kakovost in cena nastanitve v motelu se včasih drastično razlikujeta, večina pa je čistih in urejenih. Sobe se anonimno zaračunavajo s tarifo in vsi pripadajoči stroški se običajno plačujejo samo v gotovini.

Nauči se

Kakovost brazilskih univerz se zelo razlikuje glede na regijo. V Braziliji je na stotine univerz, javne univerze pa so običajno najbolj znane v državi in ​​tiste, ki proizvajajo največ znanstvenih raziskav kot zasebne univerze. Nekatere najpomembnejše javne univerze so Univerza v Sao Paulu (USP), Zvezna univerza v Riu de Janeiru (UFRJ), Univerza v Braziliji (UnB), Zvezna univerza Santa Catarina (UFSC) in Zvezna univerza v Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Poleg tega obstaja tudi nekaj pomembnih zasebnih univerz, kot npr Prezbiterijska univerza Mackenzie in Papeška katoliška univerza v Sao Paulu (PUCSP), Papeška katoliška univerza v Riu de Janeiru (PUC-Rio), Papeška katoliška univerza v Parani (PUCPR) in Papeška katoliška univerza v Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Javne univerze imajo standardni sprejemni izpit, imenovan ENEM (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, National High School Exam), čeprav imajo nekateri med njimi tudi svoj sprejemni izpit. Vse te univerze imajo odlične dodiplomske in podiplomske programe in so mednarodno priznane, z različnimi programi izmenjave z različnimi univerzami v mnogih državah po svetu.

Če se želite prijaviti na brazilski univerzi kot študent na izmenjavi, morate pridobiti a študentski vizum na brazilskem veleposlaništvu ali konzulatu v vaši državi. Ko prispete v Brazilijo z veljavnim študentskim vizumom, se morate prijaviti v Departamento da Polícia Federal (Zvezna policijska uprava) v 30 dneh po vašem prihodu in pridobite RNE (Registro Nacional do Estrangeiro), ki je nacionalna osebna izkaznica za čezmorske državljane. Tudi tu lahko podaljšajte vizum z brazilskimi oblastmi.

Tečaji portugalščine za tujce niso razširjeni zunaj velikih mest. Dobra alternativa je prijateljstvo z učenci jezikov in izmenjava pouka. Če pridete v Brazilijo z nekaterimi začetnimi pojmi portugalščine, boste videli, da se bodo ljudje do vas obnašali veliko bolje in boste lažje preživeli. Jezikovne šole v Ljubljani Curitiba, Salvador, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, in Porto Alegre imeti tečaje portugalščine od 2 tednov naprej.

Delo

Če se lahko zaposliš, je delo v Braziliji enostavno, predvsem zato, ker je veliko neformalnosti. Teoretično morate imeti delovno dovoljenje (Autorização de Trabalho) z ministrstva za delo, preden se lahko zaposlite. Če pa ga želite pridobiti, vas mora pred vstopom v državo sponzorirati delodajalec. Podjetje mora imeti tujca dovolj slabega, da vladi plača več kot 2000 R $, da vas sponzorira, vedoč tudi, da morajo po zakonu hkrati najeti in usposobiti nadomestnega za vas. Zaradi tega je iskanje zakonite službe lahko precej zastrašujoča birokratska naloga, tudi na današnjem brazilskem rastočem trgu dela.

Če govorite angleško, boste morda našli honorarno službo, ki poučuje angleščino, vendar ne pričakujte, da bo to prihranilo vaše počitnice. Čeprav se na prvi pogled zdi delo na neformalnem trgu brez težav, obstajajo tudi tveganja. Plačilo bo pod mizo brez pogodbe, zato boste kasneje težko uveljavljali svoje delovne pravice. V večjih mestih obstaja tudi nevarnost, da vas rivalska šola, ki vas lahko odpelje na letalo domov prej, kot ste načrtovali, preda vladi.

Narašča tudi povpraševanje po tečajih španskega jezika, zato govorci španskega jezika ne bi smeli imeti težav pri iskanju dela, zlasti v večjih mestih. V obeh primerih je vedno veliko bolj donosno, da si delo najdete zasebno kot v šolah. To je mogoče narediti enostavno, na primer z objavo oglasa v oddelku z oglasi za časopise Folha de S. Paulo in Estado de S. Paulo (v Sao Paulu), O Globo (v Rio de Janeiru) in Zero Hora (v Portu Alegre) ali v nacionalni tedenski reviji Veja (to morate plačati) ali tako, da na univerze, kot je USP, objavijo znake na oglasnih deskah (brezplačno).

Glejte Spletna stran Ministrstva za delo za podrobnejše informacije.

Prostovoljstvo

Delo kot prostovoljec, učenje španščine in ogled države na nogah je priljubljeno med številnimi popotniki v Južni Ameriki. Večinoma se ljudje z veliko časa odločijo za tovrstna potovanja, spoznavanje države in njenih prebivalcev.

Prostovoljno delo je lahko del velike organizacije ali lokalnih družin. Ko delate z lokalnimi družinami ali za njih, vam pogosto priskrbijo hrano in nastanitev za približno 3-5 ur dela na dan. Such engagements can be found with any of the following websites, which differ by length and type of stay: Workaway, HelpX, Wwoof, in Worldpackers. The website generally demand a small commission or a yearly fee.

Use the rating system of these websites to determine good and reliable hosts. And beware, many locals just use those websites to find cheap labour, offering a terrible experience, sometimes no food or no decent accommodation. Avoid such offers, which are just badly managed businesses, and opt for placements that really depend on volunteers (like green farming, education, NGOs, etc.).

In general, avoid paying for volunteering. You can also contact a bunch of international NGOs and let them know you are interested in working for them. Sometimes you can also get a paid job after doing some volunteer work. Just be clear that you are able to stay a fixed amount of time for unpaid work, and that you would need some money to continue your work.

Ostani zdrav

When visiting the Midwestern states of Brazil, the relative humidity can be below 30% during the dry season from June to September. It is important to drink plenty of water to avoid the unpleasant effects of dehydration.

Food from street and beach vendors has a bad hygienic reputation in Brazil. The later in the day, the worse it gets. Bottled and canned drinks are safe, although some people will insist on using a straw to avoid contact with the exterior of the container. Bear in mind the heat and humidity when storing perishable foods.

Tap water varies from place to place, (from contaminated, saline or soaked with chlorine to plain drinkable) and Brazilians themselves usually prefer to have it filtered.

In airports, bus stations, as well as many of the cheaper hotels and malls, it is common to find drinking fountains (bebedouro), although not always safe. In hostel kitchens, look for the tap with the cylindrical filter attached. In more expensive hotels, there is often no publicly accessible fountain, and bedrooms contain minibars, selling you mineral water at extremely inflated prices — buying bottled water from the store is always the best alternative.

Vaccination against yellow fever and taking anti-malaria medication may be necessary if you are travelling to Midwestern state of Mato Grosso or northern (Amazon) regions. If you're arriving from Peru, Colombia or Bolivia, proof of yellow fever vaccination is required before you enter Brazil. Some countries, such as Avstralija in Južna Afrika, will require evidence of yellow fever vaccination before allowing you enter the country if you have been in any part of Brazil within the previous week. Check the requirements of any country you will travel to from Brazil. In coastal Brazil there's also a risk for dengue fever, in Zika virus outbreak in Latin America hit Brazil hard with more than 60,000 confirmed cases in 2015 and 2016.

Public hospitals tend to be crowded and terrible, but they attend any kind of person, including foreigners. Most cities of at least 60,000 inhabitants have good private health care.

Dentists abound and are way cheaper than North America and Western Europe. In general, the quality of their work is consistent, but ask a local for advice and a recommendation.

As described above, the emergency number is 190 ali 192, but you must speak Portuguese.

Beware that air conditioning in airports, intercity buses etc. is often quite strong. Carry a long-sleeved garment for air-conditioned places.

Although Brazil is widely known as a country where sex is freely available, it is sometimes misunderstood regarding HIV. Brazil has one of the best HIV prevention programs and consequently, a very low infection rate compared with most countries. Condoms are highly encouraged by governmental campaigns during Carnaval, and distributed for free by local public medical departments.

Ostani varen

“	O Brasil não é para principiantes. "Brazil's not for beginners."	”
—Tom Jobim, Brazilian musician

By law, everyone must carry a photo ID at all times. For a foreigner, this means your passport. However, the police will mostly be pragmatic and accept a plastified color photocopy. Not carrying a photo ID can lead to problems and delays if stopped by police or in case of a medical emergency.

Zločin

Even the most patriotic Brazilian would say that the greatest problem the country faces is crime. Brazil is one of the most criminalised countries of the world; therefore, the crime rate is high, even for a developing nation. Pick-pocketing and theft are rampant, but perhaps what is more scary to visitors - and also depressingly common - are robberies at gunpoint, which target both locals and tourists. There are cases of armed criminals attacking hotels (from guesthouses to luxurious resorts) and even package tour buses, and armed robberies in crowded areas at plain daylight.

Most visitors to Brazil have trips without any incidents, and a few precautions can drastically reduce the likelihood of being victim of crime. Even with those precautions, though, the chance of a bad incident may still not be negligible. Check the individual city/area articles for advice on specific cities or places. Generally speaking, with exception of a few prosperous countryside areas and smaller towns (mostly in the southern part of the country), most areas in Brazil aren't extremely safe, so it is advisable to avoid showing off expensive possessions in public areas, to avoid deserted streets during the night, and especially, to avoid poor, run-down towns or neighbourhoods. There are cases of Brazilians or tourists being shot down without warning when entering certain neighbourhoods, either in a car or on foot. If you want to visit a favela (slum neighbourhood) or indigenous village, use a licensed, reputable tour service.

Intercity buses are generally safe, but in large cities, intercity bus terminals are often located in run-down, unsafe areas of the city, so it is prudent to take a taxi to and from the terminal rather than walk to or from it. In touristy places, tourists are often seen as "preferred prey" for criminals, so it is better to avoid looking like a tourist. For example, avoid being seen carrying a large camera or guidebook (leave them in a backpack and use them discreetly only when necessary), or dressing in a way dramatically different from the locals. It is perfectly fine to sometimes stop locals to ask questions, but avoid looking clueless and vulnerable when in public.

Emergencies related to crime can be reported to toll-free number 190. Brazil has five police forces, one for each different purpose. Each state has a Military Police (Polícia Militar, often abbreviated as PME*, where * is the abbreviation of the state. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brigada Militar, abbreviated as BMRS), which is responsible for ostensive policing, and a Civil Police (Polícia Civil, often abbreviated as PCE*, where * is the abbreviation of the state.), which deals with investigations. In state and federal highways, road patrol is handled by the State Highway Police (Polícia Rodoviária Estadual) and the Federal Highway Police (Polícia Rodoviária Federal). Border control, security of ports and airports, and interstate crimes are handled by the Federal Police (Polícia Federal). Many municipalities in Brazil also have a Municipal Guard (Guarda Municipal), which is responsible for the security of public parks, city government buildings and city public schools.

Road safety

Murder is probably the top fear of visitors to Brazil, but traffic-related deaths are actually nearly as common as murders - in fact, the chance of a road fatality in Brazil is comparable to countries with poor road safety reputation, like Malezija ali Vietnam. This may come as surprise as the traffic in Brazil, especially in large cities, appears to be relatively well-organised compared to these countries. However, this apparent sense of safety is where the danger lurks - Brazil has a large share of irresponsible drivers, who defy speed limits, drive under the influence of alcohol, and sometimes ignore traffic lights. Therefore, keep always your eyes open when crossing the road, even when the pedestrian light is green and the cars have stopped - you never know when a motorbike will pop up from between two cars.

In certain parts of the country, especially in the northern part, roads tend to be poor-maintained, and enforcement of traffic regulations tend to be lax. Although sometimes unavoidable, it is worthwhile to re-consider taking very long road trips inside the country when there is the option of taking a plane instead.

Natural hazards

As Brazil is a very large country and has a wide geographical diversity, parts of the country can be affected by natural disasters.

Floods and landslides

In the Amazon, the rainy season occurs between December and May, bringing torrential rains and frequent flooding in these regions, which can make the highways (which are not paved) a real quagmire impossible to transit. However, it can still be a good time to visit some of the well-populated and tourist-oriented areas and, except in unusually strong floods, you can still see the strong waterfalls, igapós and other attractions in the forest that can make an interesting moment to visit.

Floods in the semi-arid Sertão, in the inland of the Northeast region, are rare, so you would be unlucky to find them. However, if you are planning to visit a city in the Sertão and the area is flooded, you should reconsider. The terrain is flat, so the water can take weeks to drain, leaving the land swampy.

The rainiest period in the Central West is generally around the summer months, from early October to April. Some cities can have points of flooding. On the northeastern coast and in the Southeast region of the country, including Salvador, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, the rainiest period is summer months. Torrential rains in the region can cause floods and catastrophic landslides, including in tourist areas. In São Paulo, as the city is cut by the rivers Tietê and Pinheiros and the soil is impermeable, making the water slow to drain. In mountainous areas in the southeast of the country, landslides can disrupt roads and cause damage.

Earthquakes

As Brazil is located in the center of the South American plate, Brazil does not usually have earthquakes of great intensity and many of them are imperceptible by the population (below 3.0 degrees on the Richter scale).

Orkani

Brazil is a difficult country for hurricanes reach, as wind shear is rare in countries close to the Equator and the temperature of the ocean reaches just 26º C on the northeast coast. The only tropical storm that has ever occurred in Brazil was Hurricane Catarina, in 2004, which hit the coast of the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. Even so, cases like this are very rare in Brazil.

Tornadoes

The Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and the center and south of the state of Paraná are part of the South America Tornado Corridor, the second most tornado-prone area in the world (behind the United States Tornado Alley). Monitor local media notices and if you see that the sky is dark, the light take on a greenish-yellow cast or a loud sound that sounds like a freight train, this could be an indication of a tornado. Find shelter immediately.

Refer to the tornado safety article for analysis of the issues here.

Požari

Low humidity during the dry season in the Central West and the Pantanal of Brazil, in states like Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás and Brasília between May and October can lead to forest fires. If you have breathing problems and are visiting these areas, it is recommended to monitor information from the local media and avoid the areas of fires.

Demonstracije

Demonstrations and political protests are common in Brazil and are best avoided by tourists, as these demonstrations can sometimes become violent and end in clashes with the Military Police, especially when approaching city, state or federal government buildings. The majority of popular demonstrations usually take place in the capitals such as São Paulo (in places like Largo da Batata, Avenida Paulista and Praça da Sé), Rio de Janeiro (Cinelândia and Copacabana Beach), Brasília (Eixo Monumental and Esplanada dos Ministérios) or Porto Alegre (Esquina Democrática and the Historic District).

Spopadite se

Časopisi

The main Brazilian newspapers are Folha de S. Paulo, Estado de S. Paulo (both published in São Paulo) and O Globo (published in Rio de Janeiro). Other major newspapers include Correio Braziliense, Estado de Minas in Zero Hora. Veja, IstoÉ in CartaCapital is the main Brazilian national weekly news magazines.

Folha de S. Paulo has an English-language news website. The Rio Times is a Brazilian online newspaper in English language.

Elektrika

Poglej tudi: Električni sistemi

Brazil is one of a few countries that uses both 110 and 220 volts for everyday appliances. Expect the voltage to change back and forth as you travel from one place to the next—even within the same Brazilian state, sometimes even within the same building. There is no physical difference in the electric outlets (power mains) for the two voltages.

Electric outlets usually accept both flat (North American), and round (European) plugs. Otherwise adaptors from flat blades to round pins are easy to find in any supermarket or hardware shop. Some outlets are too narrow for the German "Schuko" plugs. One makeshift solution is to buy a cheap T-connection and just force your "Schuko" in, -the T will break, but it will work. Very few outlets have a grounding point, and some might not accept newer North American polarized plugs, where one pin is slightly larger. Again, use the cheap T. Near the border with Argentina, you might occasionally find outlets for the Australia/New Zealand-type plug. If crossing the border, you'll probably need this adapter as well.

In 2009/2010, the IEC 60906-1 was introduced to Brazil and some newer buildings already have it. It is backwards compatible with the Europlug, but it has a receded socket. Again, T-plugs can be used as adapters for other common formats.

Frequency is 60 Hz, which may disturb 50 Hz electric clocks. Blackouts are becoming less frequent, but you always run a risk at peak of high season in small tourist towns and during particularly strong storms, even in big cities.

Spoštovanje

Brazilians tend to be very open and talk freely about their problems, especially political subjects and other issues. Also, they use a lot of self-deprecating humour. This allows you to make jokes about the problems in Brazil, when they are talking about such issues, in a playful manner. It is common when you are pointing out something bad, for them to give answers like, "That's nothing. Look at this here. It's so much worse". But don't imitate them, as they are likely to feel offended if you criticize certain areas, such as nature or soccer. In some small towns, local politics can be a sensitive issue, and you should be careful when talking about it. Always be polite.

Punctuality

Brazilians are not known for being punctual, which can be very surprising to visitors from countries where punctuality is highly valued. You should expect your Brazilian contacts to arrive at least 10 to 15 minutes late for any appointment. This is considered normal in Brazil and does not mean a lack of respect for the relationship. However, this does not apply to work or business meetings.

If you are invited to a dinner or party, e.g. 19:00, that does not mean that you must be present at 19:00, but that you must not arrive before 19:00. You will be received at some minutes later. However, not all scheduled activities are tolerant with delays in Brazil. For example, at concerts or plays, the venue's doors close at the scheduled time. Long-distance buses also depart on the scheduled time. Short-distance public transport, such as city buses and subway, is not even concerned with the estimated time of arrival; they arrive when they arrive! Keep these elements in mind when calculating how long things will take.

Delays in the subway or city buses are not uncommon, especially in the capitals (such as São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro). However, long distance bus departures almost always leave on time (even if they arrive late), so don't count on lack of punctuality to save money when you arrive late at the bus terminals. Brazilian airports are also known for their punctuality: flights always take off at the scheduled time.

Things to avoid

• Rasizem is a very serious offence in Brazil. Most Brazilians frown upon racism (at least in public), and even if you are only joking or you think you know your company, it is still wise to refrain from anything that can be perceived as racism. According to the Brazilian Constitution, racism is a crime for which bail is not available, and must be met with 6 months to 8 years imprisonment. This is taken very seriously. However, the law only seems to apply to overt, unquestionably racist statements and actions. Therefore, be respectful when discussing racial relations in Brazil; do not assume you understand Brazil's history of racial inequality and slavery better than a Brazilian person of colour.
• Portuguese is not Spanish and Brazilians (as well as other Portuguese speakers) feel offended if you do not keep this in mind. The languages can be mutually intelligible to a certain extent, but they differ considerably in phonetics, vocabulary and grammar. It is not a good idea to mix Portuguese with Spanish; don't expect people to understand what you're saying if you (intentionally or unintentionally) insert Spanish words into Portuguese sentences.
• Take care when talking about politics, especially about the Getúlio Vargas regime (1930-1945, 1951-1954) and about the military dictatorship that ruled Brazil from 1964 to 1985. These are sensitive topics in Brazil and although these periods have been characterized as dictatorships, some people have a positive view of Getúlio Vargas or the military in Brazil. Depending on your political views, some may call you "communist" or "fascist".
• Avoid comparing Brazil with its neighbor Argentina: the two countries are considered rivals, especially in the economic area.

LGBT tourism

Brazil is open to LGBT tourists. São Paulo boasts the biggest LGBT Pride Parade in the world, and most major cities will have gay scenes. However, homophobia is widespread in Brazilian society, and Brazil is not the sexual heaven that many foreigners perceive it to be. Couples that in any way don't conform to traditional heterosexual expectations should expect to be open to some verbal harassment and stares if displaying affection in the streets, although several neighborhoods of many of the major cities are very welcoming of the LGBT population, and LGBT-oriented bars and clubs are common. It is best to gather information from locals as to which areas are more conservative and which are more progressive. In general, small towns or rural areas tend to be conservative and many people (especially older ones) may be shocked by public displays of homosexual affection.

Religija

Most Brazilians are Christians, with more than 60% of the population being Catholic and more than 20% being Evangelical or Protestant. However, many Brazilians are secular in everyday life and less than half of the Brazilian population attends church. Avoid talking about religion; Brazilians do not like anything that can be seen by them as proselytizing. It is not necessary to cover your head when entering a church or temple; however, it is recommended to dress respectfully and avoid wearing shorts, miniskirts or sleeveless shirts.

Religious freedom is respected by most Brazilians and people of all religions can generally practice their religion without any problems. Despite this, in the 2010s, there have been some cases of religious intolerance, especially against religions of African origin (such as Candomblé and Umbanda). Most Brazilians do not accept cases of religious intolerance and Brazilian law considers prejudice and religious discrimination crimes.

Social etiquette

• Cheek-kissing is very common in Brazil, among women and between women and men. When two women, or opposite sexes first meet, it is not uncommon to kiss. Two men volja shake hands. A man kissing another man's cheek is extremely bizarre by Brazilian standards (unless in family relationships, special Italian descendants, and very close friends). Kissing is suitable for informal occasions, used to introduce yourself or being acquainted, especially to young people. Hand shaking is more appropriate for formal occasions or between women and men when no form of intimacy is intended. Trying to shake hands when offered a kiss will be considered odd, but never rude. However, to clearly refuse a kiss is a sign of disdain.

When people first meet, they will kiss once (Sao Paulo), twice (Rio de Janeiro) or three times (Florianópolis in Belo Horizonte, for instance), depending on where you are, alternating right and left cheeks. Observe that while doing this, you should not kiss on the cheeks (like in Russia) but actually only touch cheeks and make a kissing sound while kissing the air, placing your lips on a strangers cheek is a clear sign of sexual interest. Failing to realise these rules likely won't be seen as rude, especially if it is known that you are a foreigner.

• Many Brazilians can dance and Brazilians are usually at ease with their own bodies. While talking, they may stand closer to each other than North Americans or Northern Europeans do, and also tend to touch each other more, e.g. on the shoulder or arm, hugs etc. This is not necessarily flirtatious in nature.
• Brazilians love to drink, and going to pubs and bars is definitely part of social life - sometimes even for those who don't drink alcohol. However, alcoholic beverages aren't allowed in certain places such football stadiums, and laws concerning driving under the influence of alcohol have become increasingly more strict and more rigorously enforced.
• Brazilians do not normally take their shoes off as soon as they get home, neither expect their visitors to do so. Hence, only take off your shoes when you visit someone's house if your hosts ask so or you see them do so.

Table etiquette

• Except for highly formal situations, Brazilians don't normally mind their tones when eating and chatting. Restaurants tend to be relatively noisy and cheerful environments, especially when there are tables with large groups of people.
• Most meals will be eaten with forks/spoons and knives, but there are some things that you can eat with your hands. If you are unsure whether you should use the knife to cut something shorter or just grab it with your hands, observe how people behave around you and imitate them - or simply ask.
• Burping is considered impolite, unless you are among very close friends or relatives. Brazilians usually place the knife and the fork in a parallel manner on the plate to signalize they are finished.
• If you order a beer or a soda and it comes with a cup, waiters may fill it for you from time to time as they see it becoming empty. They will normally collect empty bottles and cans without asking you first.

Povežite se

By phone

Brazil has international telephone code 55 and two-digit area codes, and phone numbers are eight or nine digits long. Some areas used seven digits until 2006, meaning you might still find some old phone numbers which won't work unless you add another digit. (Mostly, try adding 2 or 3 at the beginning, or if it's an eight-digit number starting with 6 to 9 try adding a 9 at the beginning).

Eight-digit numbers beginning with digits 2 to 5 are land lines, while eight-digit or nine-digit numbers beginning with digits 6 to 9 are mobile phones.

All cities use the following emergency numbers:

• 190 - Police
• 192 - SAMU (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, Paramedics)
• 193 - Firefighters

However, if you dial 911 while in Brazil, you will be redirected to the police.

To dial to another area code or to another country, you must choose a carrier using a two-digit carrier code. Which carriers are available depends on the area you are dialing from and on the area you are dialing to. Carrier 21 (Embratel) is available in all areas.

The international phone number format for calls from other countries to Brazil is 55-(area code)-(phone number)

In Brazil:

• To dial to another area code: 0-(carrier code)-(area code)-(phone number)
• To dial to another country: 00-(carrier code)-(country code)-(area code)-(phone number)
• Local collect call: 90-90-(phone number)
• Collect call to another area code: 90-(carrier code)-(area code)-(phone number)
• International Collect Call: 000111 or through Embratel at 0800-703-2111

Public payphones use disposable prepaid cards, which come with 20, 40, 60 or 75 credits. The discount for buying cards with larger denominations is marginal. Phone booths are nearly everywhere, and all cards can be used in all booths, regardless of the owner phone company. Cards can be bought from many small shops, and almost all news agents sell them. The Farmácia Pague Menos sells them at official (phone company) price, somewhat cheaper. Calls to cell phones (even local) will use up your credits zelo quickly (nearly as expensive as international calls). Calling the USA costs about one real per minute.It's possible to find all international and Brazilian phone codes on DDI and DDD phone codes.

Mobile networks

When traveling to Brazil, even though it may seem best to carry your cell phone along, you should not dismiss the benefits of the calling cards to call the ones back home. Get yourself a Brazil calling card when packing for your trip.

Brazil has 4 national mobile operators: Vivo (Telefónica Group), Claro (Telmex/América Móvil Group), OI and TIM (Telecom Italia Group), all of them running GSM, HSDPA/HSPA and LTE networks. There are also smaller operators, like Nextel (NII/Sprint Group) (with iDEN Push-To-Talk and HSPA ), CTBC-ALGAR (GSM and HSDPA in Triangulo Mineiro Region (Minas Gerais)), and Sercomtel (GSM and HSDPA in Paraná).

Pay-as-you-go (pré-pago) SIM cards for GSM phones are widely available in places like newsstands, drugstores, supermarkets, retail shops, etc. Vivo uses 850/1800/1900 MHz frequencies, while other operators uses 900/1800 MHz (and some specific cases, 1900Mhz) frequencies. 3G/HSDPA coverage is available mostly on big cities on the southeast states and capitals. Some states use 850 MHz but others use 2100 MHz for 3G/HSDPA. For LTE, all states and operators use the European 2600Mhz (B7) frequency (700Mhz B28 is being tested) If you need to unlock a phone from a specific operator, this can be done for a charge in any phone shop.

If you prefer, you can use international roaming in any operator (respecting the roaming agreements). In this case, if you want to call to Brazil, you must call the number directly, as stated above, or using the standardized way, as to call abroad.

All major carriers (Vivo, Claro, TIM and Oi) can send and receive text messages (SMS) as well as phone calls to/from abroad. Some operators (as Vivo, Claro, and TIM), can send and receive international text messages.

Televizija

Brazil uses a hybrid video system called PAL-M. It is not at all compatible with the PAL system of Europe and Australia. Nowadays, most new TV sets are compatible with the NTSC system used in the USA and Canada. Until 2023, Brazil will bring digital broadcasting with the Japanese ISDB standard. Digital terrestrial television is available in almost 90% of Brazil. In addition to the 6 major Brazilian television networks (Globo, RecordTV, SBT, Band, RedeTV and Cultura), many cities in the country have pay TV via cable or satellite. Some hotels have cable TV included with their accommodation, which means that you can also watch the main international news channels and many series and light entertainment reruns, sports and films.

Digital video appliances such as DVD players are also compatible with NTSC (all digital colour is the same worldwide), but make sure the DVD region codes, if any, match your home country (Brazil is part of Region 4). Also, the term "DVD" in Brazil is both an abbreviation for the disc and for its player, so be specific to avoid confusion.

Internet

Hotels, airports and shopping malls often offer free WiFi hotspots for your laptop computer or smartphone. In addition, Brazil seems to be a country with overly many open WiFi hotspots, only requiring login via Facebook for instance.

For general tips on internet while travelling, see our travel topic: Internet access.

Postal services

Brazilec Correio is fairly reliable and post offices are everywhere. However, if you ask how much it costs to send a letter, postcard or package they will automatically give you the "priority" price (prioritário) instead of the normal one (Econômico). You might think that the priority one will make it go faster, but it isn't always true; sometimes it takes as long as the normal fare, so be sure to ask for the "econômico" price of anything you wish to dispatch.