Gruzija (država) - Georgia (country)

Za druge kraje z istim imenom glej Gruzija (večznačna opredelitev).

COVID-19 informacije: Od 29. novembra 2020 do 31. januarja 2021 velja popolna zapora: ustavljen je ves medmestni potniški promet (z železnico, avtobusom ali minibusom) V Tbilisiju, Telaviju, Batumiju, Kutaisiju, Rustaviju, Goriju, Potiju in Zugdidiju bodo začasno ustavili komunalni prevoz restavracije in restavracije bodo v celoti preoblikovane v storitve oddaljenega opravljanja storitev policijska ura med 21:00 in 5:00; globa za kršitev je 2.000 lari (€500) vse trgovine (razen trgovin z živili, trgovin z živalsko hrano, lekarn, veterinarskih lekarn, trgovin z gospodinjskimi kemikalijami in higieno, tiskovnih kioskov) bodo zaprte Vse najnovejše informacije in pravila o vstopu v državo najdete na spletni strani uradna spletna stran ministrstva za zunanje zadeve. Ažurni viri informacij: ☏1505 (Vroča linija ministrstva za zdravje) stopcov.ge (pravila o mejnem prehodu in informacije, povezane s COVID19) mfa.gov.ge (posodobljen obsežen seznam vseh letov iz / v Gruzijo)

(Podatki so bili posodobljeni 1. decembra 2020)

Georgia (Gruzijski: საქართველო, Sakartvelo) je država v Kavkaz. Stisnjeno med Rusija na severu in puran na jugu leži ob obali Ljubljane Črno morje. To je precej gorata dežela in je dom nekaterih EvropiNajvišji gorski vrhovi. Kljub svoji skromni velikosti Gruzija predstavlja široko mešanico drugih pokrajin in mikroklime, od suhih vinorodnih dolin na vzhodu do bujnih Črnomorska letovišča na zahodu. V Grški mitologije je bila v Gruziji znamenito zlato runo, ki so ga iskali Jason in Argonavti. Zgodbe o starodavni zgodovini Gruzije niso brez podlage; sodobni arheološki dokazi kažejo, da je Gruzija najstarejša dežela za proizvodnjo vina na svetu, nekaj vzorcev vina pa sega v leto 6000 pred našim štetjem. Kot dokaz te bogate dediščine so mesta in podeželje Gruzije opremljena s srednjeveškimi cerkvami, od katerih jih je več Unescova spletna mesta. Gruzija se je od sredine 2000-ih razvila v hitro rastočo destinacijo, ki uživa nizko raven kriminala in korupcije. Turistična infrastruktura države se še naprej širi.

Regije

Regije Gruzije

Kartli Gruzijsko osrčje, središče vzhodne gruzijske kulture ter nacionalno gospodarsko, kulturno in politično središče; dom številnih glavnih destinacij, kot je Tbilisi, Mtskheta, Gori in Kazbegi

Regija Rioni Središče Zahodne Gruzije in starodavno kraljestvo Kolhida, dežela zlatega runa; danes dom čudovitega Unescove strani in fantastično gorsko pokrajino v obeh Racha in Imereti

Kakheti Plodna vinorodna regija v Gruziji z razmeroma suhim podnebjem, polna dolin, čudovitih cerkva, samostanov in kleti

Jugozahodna Gruzija Središče gruzijskih obmorskih krajev, vključno z drugim največjim državnim mestom Batumi

Severozahodna Gruzija Območje raznolikih pokrajin, ki prehaja iz močvirja in nižin zahodne Mingrelije v eno najvišjih evropskih gora v Zgornji Svanetiji

Samtskhe-Javakheti Dom jamskega mesta Vardzia in očarljivo Samostan Sapara. Območje vsebuje tudi večino gruzijske narodnosti Armensko prebivalstva

Sporna ozemlja (Abhazija, Južna Osetija) Proruske gruzijske odcepitvene regije, ki jih centralna vlada ne nadzoruje; Abhazija je subtropska plaža, medtem ko je Južna Osetija visoko v velikem Kavkazu, popotnikom, ki presegajo nevarnosti in gorske poglede, pa le malo. Oba območja nadzorujejo ruski mejni policisti.

Mesta

• 41.722544.79251 Tbilisi - Najbolj svetovljansko in raznoliko mesto v Gruziji, Tbilisi ni samo glavno mesto države, temveč tudi središče, ki vsebuje skoraj tretjino vsega prebivalstva Gruzije. Gre za zanimivo mešanico starih klasičnih in ultra modernih stavb.
• 41.63888942.9861112 Akhaltsikhe - Majhna prestolnica Samtskhe-Javakheti je v bližini dveh priljubljenih turističnih destinacij: Vardzia in samostan Sapara
• 41.64583333333341.6416666666673 Batumi - drugo največje mesto v Gruziji, mešanica klasičnih stavb v ozadju naraščajočih nebotičnikov in palmovih dreves na črnomorski obali.
• 41.833343.38334 Borjomi - Slikovito majhno mesto z znamenito mineralno vodo, narodnim parkom in poletnim dvorcem ruske dinastije Romanov
• 41.98168611111144.1124166666675 Gori - Stalinovo nekdanje rojstno mesto
• 42.2542.76 Kutaisi - tretje največje gruzijsko mesto in zgodovinska prestolnica starodavnih Kolhid, kjer živijo dve osebi Unescova svetovna dediščina
• 41.8544.7166666666677 Mtskheta - Zgodovinska nekdanja prestolnica Vzhodne Gruzije, središče Gruzijske pravoslavne cerkve in drugo območje Unescove svetovne dediščine je enostaven izlet iz Tbilisija
• 43.00333333333341.0152777777788 Sighnaghi - Majhno gorsko mestece, priljubljeno med turisti zaradi svoje pokrajine in vina
• 41.91666666666745.4833333333339 Telavi - Glavno mesto Kakheti je dobro izhodišče za bližnje kleti, gradove in samostane

Druge destinacije

Razgibane alpske pokrajine Svanetija v severozahodni Gruziji

• 42.91638888888943.0113888888891 Zgornji Svaneti - Najvišje naseljeno območje Evrope, osredotočeno okoli Mestia, je dom skrivnostnih Svanov in je Unescova svetovna dediščina
• 41.75138888888943.5280555555562 Bakuriani smučišča - enkratna ponudba za zimske olimpijske igre in glavno smučišče na jugu države
• 42.50457805555644.4539369444443 Gruzijska vojaška avtocesta - tek po visokogorski pokrajini po nevarno strmih ovinkih od Tbilisi do Vladikavkaz, Rusija. Včasih posmehljivo znan kot Invazijska avtocesta.
• 41.7545.7166666666674 Kakheti kleti - še posebej 19. stoletje Château Mukhrani, Posestvo Tsinandali in druge, ki se nahajajo v in okoli Signagi
• 42.744.5166666666675 Gora Kazbeg - najvišjih gora v Ljubljani Evropi je tudi cerkev Svete Trojice, ki stoji na vrhu hriba s pogledom na grapo.
• 41.44754445.3763576 Samostanski kompleks David Gareja - jamski samostan iz 6. stoletja na gori s pogledom na Azerbajdžanski puščava, z lepimi freskami
• 42.34638888888944.6927777777787 Pasanauri smučišča - glavno smučišče v gruzijskem Velikem Kavkazu, vzdolž gruzijske vojaške ceste do Kazbegi
• 42.65833333333345.1569444444448 Shatili - Visokogorska vas blizu meje z Rusijo. Vas se nahaja v globoki soteski Arghuni na približno 1.400 m in je edinstven kompleks srednjeveških do zgodnje modernih trdnjav in utrjenih stanovanj iz kamna in malte.
• 43.072342.60969 Mazeri - Gorska vas Svaneti, obdana z osupljivimi alpskimi pokrajinami in ogromnimi slapovi.
• 41.38084166666743.28376111111110 Vardzia - jamski samostan iz 12. stoletja s pogledom na veliko sotesko reke
• 41.96666444.20750511 Uplistsikhe - 3600 let staro jamsko mesto Svilene ceste, ki je bilo glavno regionalno središče poganskih religij.

Razumeti

Kapital	Tbilisi
Valuta	Gruzijski lari (GEL)
Prebivalstvo	3,7 milijona (2017)
Elektrika	220 voltov / 50 herc (Europlug, Schuko)
Koda države	995
Časovni pas	UTC 04:00
Nujne primere	112, 111 (gasilci), 113 (nujna medicinska pomoč), 122 (policija)
Vozna stran	prav
uredi na Wikidata

Klasični kip iz Gruzije, 2. stoletje pred našim štetjem, razstavljen v Gruzijskem nacionalnem muzeju

Gruzija je država edinstvene kulture in bogate zgodovine, ki jo lahko izsledimo v klasični antiki in še prej. Arheologi so v Gruziji našli najstarejše znane sledi pridelave vina iz leta 6000 pred našim štetjem. Zahvaljujoč tej dolgi zgodovini vinogradništva je vinska trta eden od gruzijskih državnih simbolov, ki krasi srednjeveške okraske, rezbarije in slike. Trenutna gruzijska abeceda je z značilnimi zakrivljenimi oblikami zasnovana tako, da je videti kot zanke in vijuge vinske trte.

Ljudje različne kulture, Gruzijci niso v sorodu z Rusi, Turki ali Grkiniti nimajo nobenih etničnih ali jezikovnih vezi z drugimi narodi, ki jih obkrožajo. Obstajajo akademske teorije, ki povezujejo Gruzijce Baskovščina in Korziška ljudi v jugozahodni Evropi, vendar o tem ni dokončnih dokazov. Gruzijci so bili stoletja vpleteni v boj za oblast proti največjim svetovnim imperijem (rimskemu, mongolskemu, bizantinskemu, perzijskemu, osmanskemu in ruskemu), vendar so kljub temu uspeli ohraniti svojo identiteto. Kot dokaz te dolge zgodovine je gruzijsko podeželje pokrito s starodavnimi utrdbami, samostani in Unescovimi kraji svetovne dediščine, ki so preživeli skozi velike stiske.

Natančen izvor imena Georgia ni bil nikoli ugotovljen, vendar obstajajo številne teorije o njegovem poreklu. Nekateri so izvor imena razložili s priljubljenostjo sv. Jurija med Gruzijci (sv. George je zavetnik Georgije). Drugi povezujejo ime z grško besedo γεωργός ("kmetijski") ali nekaterimi njenimi različicami. Gruzinci vam pravijo, da je ime povezano s svetim Jurijem, saj jim je to najbolj pri srcu.

Večina Gruzijcev je vzhodno-pravoslavnih kristjanov, ki zajema grško, rusko in druge evropske pravoslavne veroizpovedi. Poleg Rusije je Gruzija edina vzhodno-pravoslavna krščanska država v regiji (v nasprotju s splošnim prepričanjem je Armenija orientalska pravoslavna, kar je ločena cerkev). Čeprav na gruzijsko kulturo močno vpliva krščanstvo, velik del nominalno vernih Gruzijov iz zgodovinskih in kulturnih razlogov ne izpoveduje aktivno in se ne identificira z vero. Večina ljudi obiskuje cerkev samo ob posebnih priložnostih, verski prazniki pa bolj kot praznik verskih dogem vključujejo praznike in sledenje tradiciji. Za zahodne Evropejce pa se Gruzijci zdijo zelo religiozni.

Kljub temu so hkrati tudi zelo moderni in njihov glasbeni okus je izjemen in napreden. Tam, kjer v Aziji dobite tipično mešanico slabe lokalne pop glasbe, solzarja in tradicionalnega džingle-janglea, imajo Gruzijci raje mednarodno klasiko, jazz in blues ter staro pop glasbo iz 60. in 70. let. Poleg tega lokalna glasba pogosto improvizira s stili Reggae in Ska.

Zgodovinski pregled

Gruzijski kralj Vakhtang VI je iskal podporo Francija in Papeške države za boj proti islamskim invazijam. Zavezništvo z zahodnoevropskimi silami za upiranje sovražnim sosedam je ponavljajoča se tema v zgodovini Gruzije

Klasična in srednjeveška obdobja

V Grški mitologije so bile zahodne obale Gruzije dom slavnega zlatega runa, ki so ga iskali Jason in Argonavti. Na vključitev zlatega runa v grško mitologijo je vplivala starodavna gruzijska praksa uporabe run za presejanje zlatega prahu iz gorskih rek. Poleg vezi z antičnimi Grki so bila različna zgodnja gruzijska kraljestva stoletja države stranke in zaveznice Rimskega imperija. V 4. stoletju je grško govoreča Rimljanka po imenu Saint Nino, ki je bila sorodnica svetega Jurija, začela oznanjevati krščanstvo v Gruziji, kar je privedlo do morebitne spreobrnitve tega prej poganskega kraljestva.

Do 10. stoletja so se različne gruzijsko govoreče države združile v Kraljevino Gruzijo, ki je postala močna regionalna sila v 12. in 13. stoletju, znana tudi kot Gruzijska zlata doba. To obdobje oživitve je odprl gruzijski kralj David IV., Sin Jurija II. In kraljice Helene, ki je uspel pregnati Turke. V tem času je vpliv Gruzije segal od juga Ukrajine v vzhodni Evropi do severnih vrat Perzije. Tako kot zaveznica Grčija je bila tudi Gruzija ves čas srednjega veka v nekem smislu vratarka Evrope - ker je bila obrobna država, je večina islamskih invazij najprej prizadela Gruzijo.

Do konca srednjega veka je Gruzija začela postopoma propadati in se lomiti zaradi vztrajnih vdorov Mongolov in drugih nomadskih ljudstev. George V Briljant je Mongole izgnal, vendar so sledili različni muslimanski osvajalci, ki kraljestvu niso dali dovolj časa, da se popolnoma opomore. Gruzijski geopolitični položaj se je po padcu Konstantinopla še poslabšal, kar je pomenilo, da je bila Gruzija zdaj osamljena enklava, obkrožena s sovražnimi turško-iranskimi sosedi, s katerimi ni imela nič skupnega. Pod pritiskom je Gruzija kmalu razpadla, kar je osmanski Turčiji in Perziji omogočilo, da si podredita zahodno oziroma vzhodno regijo Gruzije.

Princesa Catherine Dadiani, ena najvidnejših gruzijskih žensk 19. stoletja, se je spominjala, da se je upirala osmanskim vpadom v Zahodni Gruziji

18. in 19. stoletje

Od sredine 15. stoletja so vladarji zahodnega in vzhodnega gruzijskega kraljestva večkrat iskali pomoč pri velikih evropskih silah, vendar neuspešno. Kralj Vzhodne Gruzije Vakhtang VI je poslal svojega odposlanca Saba Orbelianija Francija in Papeška država da bi zagotovili pomoč Gruziji, vendar ni bilo mogoče zagotoviti ničesar oprijemljivega. Zaradi pomanjkanja zahodnoevropske pomoči je bila Gruzija izpostavljena - pod pritiskom napadalne osmanske vojske sta bila tako Vakhtang kot Orbeliani sčasoma prisiljena sprejeti ponudbo zaščite Petra Velikega in pobegnila v Rusijo. V današnji Gruziji bi Orbelianijeva diplomatska misija v Franciji postala alegorija o tem, kako Zahod zanemarja gruzijske prošnje za pomoč.

Vzhodna Gruzija, ki je ostala brez dobrih možnosti, je leta 1783 z Ruskim imperijem podpisala kontroverzno Georgijevsko pogodbo. S priznanjem vezi pravoslavnega krščanstva med obema narodoma je pogodba ustanovila Gruzijo kot protektorat Rusije, hkrati pa je zagotovila ozemeljsko celovitost Gruzije in nadaljevanje njene vladajoče dinastije. Kljub obljubam pa Rusija ni zaključila dogovora: ni takoj zagotovila pomoči proti tujim vdorom in je namesto tega začela vsrkavati Gruzijo po koščkih v duhu prvotnega sporazuma. Rusija je Gruzijsko pravoslavno cerkev znižala na status lokalne ruske nadškofije, hkrati pa je gruzijsko kraljevsko družino znižala na raven ruskega plemstva, kar je vse Gruzijke užalilo. Država se je hitro spremenila v letovišče ruske cesarske družine, katere člani so imeli težave z dihanjem in so cenili čisto alpsko podnebje v Gruziji.

20. stoletje

Leta 1918 je Gruzija živela več kot stoletje pod Ruskim imperijem in s tem ustanovila svojo prvo moderno republiko Nemško in Britanski vojaška podpora. Rusija pa je Gruzijo kmalu spodbudila, da je postala nevtralna država, zaradi česar so britanske čete zapuščale državo. Ko sta Nemčija in Britanija izpadli iz enačbe, je nekaj mesecev kasneje Rusija napadla Gruzijo in jo prisilno vključila v Sovjetsko zvezo. Ta nesrečni obrat bi postal eden od razlogov, zakaj je v 21. stoletju vojaška nevtralnost v Gruziji nepriljubljen koncept in lahko konča politično kariero.

V sovjetski dobi je Gruzija trpela strašne represije s strani lastnega sina Jožefa Stalina, ki je deset tisoče ljudi očistilo in usmrtilo. Toda to obdobje je prišlo tudi do večjih sprememb. Gruzija se je spremenila v eno uspešnejših sovjetskih republik, znanih po zdraviliščih, letoviščih, kulinariki in vinu. Po razpadu Sovjetske zveze leta 1991 je Gruzija povrnila svojo neodvisnost, vendar po visoki ceni. Proruski separatisti v Abhaziji in Južni Osetiji so vodili secesionistične vojne in državo večino devetdesetih let vlekli v kaos.

21. stoletje

Gruzijske čete v Bagdadu, 2006

Burno obdobje Gruzije se je začelo končati po mirni revoluciji vrtnic leta 2003, ko je država izvedla vrsto pomembnih demokratičnih in gospodarskih reform, usmerjenih v integracijo z Organizacijo Severnoatlantske pogodbe (NATO) in različnimi evropskimi institucijami. Gruzija je postala najbolj zvest ameriški zaveznik v regiji, kar je na rusko zaskrbljenost. Od leta 2016 se vezi Gruzije z Natom in Evropsko unijo še naprej postopoma poglabljajo ob močnem ruskem nasprotovanju. Zaradi nadaljnjih političnih nesoglasij Rusija in Gruzija še vedno nimata uradnih diplomatskih odnosov, zastopata pa ju švicarski veleposlaništvu.

Po poročanju organizacije Transparency International je Gruzija najmanj skorumpirana država v črnomorski regiji, vključno z vsemi njenimi neposrednimi sosedami in tudi bližnjimi državami Evropske unije. Gruzija je članica Sveta Evrope, Organizacije za varnost in sodelovanje v Evropi ter Eurocontrola; od leta 2014 je tudi del območja proste trgovine Evropske unije. Čeprav Gruzija nikoli ni vložila peticije za članstvo v EU, je Evropski parlament leta 2014 v veliki večini glasoval za resolucijo, ki je ugotovila, da je Gruzija skupaj z Moldavija in Ukrajina, lahko postanejo članice Unije, če izpolnjujejo zahtevane demokratične standarde.

Govori

Poglej tudi: Gruzijski zvezek

Za ljubitelje jezika je gruzijski jezik in njegova narečja predmet fascinacije. Za vse ostale pa bi lahko bili nočna mora. Gruzijščina nikakor ni povezana z jeziki, ki se govorijo zunaj Gruzije, slovi pa po svojih soglasnikih. Ne samo, da jih je kar nekaj, marsikatera beseda se začne z vsaj dvema. Mogoče je nanizati toliko osem soglasniki, kot v vprtskvni (ვფრცქვნი), kar pomeni "luščim ga". Ne pozabite, da obstajajo nekatere soglasniške skupine, ker je nekatere zvoke v gruzijščini mogoče izraziti samo v angleščini z več črkami. Izvirne gruzijske besede so običajno veliko krajše in manj zapletene, kot se zdijo.

Okoli in v Tbilisiju se angleščina pogosto govori dobro, toda na zahodu Gruzije bi lahko postalo težje. Zato bi se morali vsi, ki obiščejo, poskusiti naučiti vsaj nekaj gruzijščine (in pri komunikaciji s starejšimi ali manjšinami nekaj ruskih besed). Ljudje, ki najverjetneje razumejo ruščino, vključujejo: starejše generacije in etnične manjšine, kot so Azeri, Armenci, Abhazi, Oseti itd. (Razlog je v tem, da je bila ruščina v sovjetskem obdobju obvezna, lokalni jeziki vsake sovjetske republike pa ne). Govoriti rusko je koristno in priporočljivo na območjih, kjer živijo etnične manjšine, zlasti v regijah Kvemo Kartli, kjer je 50% prebivalstva etničnih Azerij, in Samtskhe-Javakheti, kjer je 50% prebivalstva etničnih Armencev.

Gruzijci, ki so se izobraževali od padca Sovjetske zveze leta 1990, pa tudi izobražena elita, večinoma raje študirajo angleščina, kar je deloma motivirano z njihovo željo po odmiku od ruske sfere vpliva. Dostop do kakovostnega poučevanja angleščine v provincah je nizek, vendar je v 2000-ih veliko šol dobilo prostovoljce, ki govorijo angleško, angleščina pa hitro postaja drugi jezik po vsej državi. Če potrebujete pomoč, poiščite mlajše ljudi; verjetneje znajo nekaj angleščine.

Končno, znaki v Gruziji pogosto niso dvojezični (razen metroja v Tbilisiju); večina cestnih znakov pa je v gruzijski in latinski abecedi. Osnovno znanje gruzijske abecede je zelo koristno za razumevanje prometnih znakov, imen trgovin / restavracij in avtobusnih destinacij. Za tiste, ki potujejo brez znanja gruzijščine, je morda dobro imeti pri sebi fraze ali potovalni vodnik.

Vstopi

Vizumske zahteve za Gruzijo. Države z zelenim lahko v Gruzijo potujejo brez vizuma, države z modro ali rumeno pa lahko pridobijo eVisa

Zahteve za vstop

Vizumske omejitve: Imetniki tajvanskih potnikov (Republika Kitajska) so zanikal dovoljenje za prošnjo za vizume, kar jim dejansko prepoveduje vstop v Gruzijo.

Brez vizumov

Državljani naslednjih držav in ozemelj lahko obiščejo Gruzijo brez vizuma za eno leto (razen če ni drugače navedeno): Vsi državljani ZDA Evropska unija (lahko tudi z osebno izkaznico), Albanija, Andora, Antigva in Barbuda, Argentina, Armenija, Avstralija, Azerbajdžan, Bahami, Bahrajn, Barbados, Belorusija, Belize, Bermudi, Bosna in Hercegovina, Bocvana, Brazilija, britanski Deviški otoki, Brunej, Kanada, Kajmanski otoki, Čile (90 dni), Kolumbija, Kostarika, Dominikanska republika, Ekvador, El Salvador, Falklandski otoki, Gibraltar, Honduras, Islandija, Iran (45 dni), Izrael, Japonska, Kazahstan, Kuvajt, Kirgizistan, Libanon, Lihtenštajn, Malezija, Mavricij, Mehika, Moldavija, Monako, Črna gora, Nova Zelandija, Norveška, Oman, Panama, Katar, Rusija, Sveti Vincent in Grenadine, San Marino, Savdska Arabija, Srbija, Sejšeli, Singapur, Južna Afrika, Južna Koreja, Švica, Tadžikistanu, Tajska, puran (lahko tudi z osebno izkaznico), Turkmenistan, Otoki Turks in Caicos, Združeni Arabski Emirati, Ukrajina, Združeno kraljestvo, Združene države, Urugvaj (90 dni), Uzbekistan, Vatikan

Oprostitev vizumske obveznosti velja tudi za:

• Člani gruzijske diaspore, ki so državljani držav, ki sicer potrebujejo vizum - za bivanja, ki ne presegajo 30 dni
• Nosilci prehodov Združenih narodov za eno leto
• Osebe s statusom begunca v Gruziji
• Imetniki diplomatskih ali uradnih / službenih potnih listov iz Kitajska, Egipt, Gvajana, Indonezija, Iran in Peru.
• Imetniki vizumov ali dovoljenj za prebivanje v Ljubljani EU/ EFTA / Države Sveta za sodelovanje v Zalivu, ozemlja držav EU, ZDA, Kanada, Avstralija, Nova Zelandija, Južna Koreja ali Izrael. V 180-dnevnem obdobju ne potrebujete vizuma za največ 90 dni, čeprav očitno le, če prispete po zraku. Vizum / dovoljenje za prebivanje mora biti veljavno ob prihodu v Gruzijo.

E-vizum

Če niste iz ene od zgornjih držav, lahko vizum pridobite na spletnem portalu e-Visa brez obiska gruzijske diplomatske misije ali konzulata. Običajna pristojbina za 90-dnevni "navadni" vizum za enkratni vstop, ki zajema turizem, znaša 60 larijev ali enakovreden znesek. 90-dnevni vizumi za dvojni vstop (na voljo samo v konzulatih) so 90 lari.

Imetniki potnih listov za Hongkong in Macau lahko tudi zaprosijo za eVisa. V razdelku za državljanstvo / državo vloge za e-vizum bi morali izbrati "Kitajska".

Vizumi se izdajo tudi na uradnih cestnih in letalskih (ne pa železniških ali pomorskih) vstopnih točkah v Gruzijo. Postopki izdaje so precej preprosti in jih je običajno mogoče končati v nekaj minutah na vstopnih točkah v Gruzijo, čeprav konzulati potrebujejo nekaj dni za obdelavo.

Državljani Nauru, Nikaragva, Sirija in Venezuela niso upravičeni do spletnega vizuma in bi morali raje obiskati gruzijsko veleposlaništvo ali konzulat. Če pa imajo vizum ali dovoljenje za prebivanje nekaterih držav (glej zgoraj), ne potrebujejo vizuma za bivanje največ 90 dni v 180-dnevnem obdobju, pod pogojem, da na meji pokažejo svoj vizum / dovoljenje za prebivanje.

Opomba: Uradnih pravil glede vizuma in vstopa mejna policija ne izvaja vedno. Na primer, nekatere mejne točke, ki uradno izdajajo vizum ob prihodu, dejansko ne morejo dostaviti nobene (npr. Cestna mejna točka Sadakhlo / Bagratashen). Poleg tega, če potrebujete vizum za vstop v Gruzijo in ga nameravate kupiti ob prihodu (kot je to uradno mogoče), na nekaterih mejnih prehodih ni bankomatov (npr. Sarpi) in če denarja ne morete spremeniti v lari (npr. nobena banka ali banka ni zaprta) in nimate nobenega larija s seboj, vam bo zavrnjen vstop; zato je zelo priporočljivo, da predhodno zaprosite za vizum. Nenazadnje, čeprav lahko državljani EU vstopijo z nacionalno osebno izkaznico, mejni policisti (zlasti na kopenskih mejah) zanje pogosto niso v uporabi in jih bodo preverjali veliko bolj temeljito.

Mejni prehodi

Mednarodne vstopne in izstopne točke Gruzije so naslednje. Vizumi za tiste, ki jih potrebujejo, so na voljo samo na cestnih in zračnih vstopnih točkah.

• Mednarodno letališče Batumi (vizumi na voljo) in črnomorsko pristanišče (vizumi niso na voljo).
• Böyük Kəsik Železniška meja z Azerbajdžanom - tukaj niso na voljo vizumi.
• Meja ceste Guguti / Tašir z Armenijo.
• Krasni Most (Rdeči most, Tsiteli Khidi, Qırmızı Körpü) Cestna meja z Azerbajdžanom.
• Meja ceste Ninotsminda / Bavra z Armenijo.
• Črnomorsko pristanišče Poti - vizumi niso na voljo.
• Cesta Sadakhlo / Bagratashen in železniška meja z Armenijo - vizumi so na voljo samo cestnim potnikom.
• Meja Sarpi / Sarp Road s Turčijo.
• Mednarodno letališče Tbilisi.
• Tsodna (Postbina) Cestna meja z Azerbajdžanom, med Lagodekhi in Balakənom.
• Meja Vale / Posof Road s Turčijo, dosežena preko Akhaltsikhe.

Meja z Rusijo pri Zemo Larsi / Chertov Most, severno od Kazbegija, je bila Gruzijcem in Rusom odprta le nekaj let, vse do leta 2006, ko jo je Rusija ("začasno") zaprla za vse. Vendar pa obstaja odprti mejni prehod z Rusijo pri Verkhniy Lars (Верхний Ларс). Ne izdaja vizuma.

Gruzija šteje prepovedi iz Rusije v Južno Osetijo (predor Roki) in Abhazijo (reka Psou med Gantiadijem in Adlerjem). Nekateri popotniki, ki so nadaljevali pot v Gruzijo po vstopu iz Južne Osetije ali Abhazije iz Rusije, so bili kaznovani ali zaprti. Drugi so se rešili brez težav.

Obisk Abhazije iz Gruzije je možen, iz Gruzije pa ni mogoče obiskati Južne Osetije.

Z letalom

Obstajajo leti do Tbilisi iz številnih evropskih in zalivskih mest, vključno z London Gatwick, Amsterdam Schiphol, Dunaj, Kijev, Praga (Georgian Airways), München (Lufthansa), Varšava (LOT Airlines), Atene (Aegean Airlines), Riga (airBaltic), Istanbul IST (Turkish Airlines), Minsk (Belavia).

Kutaisi ima številne lete z Wizzair iz številnih evropskih destinacij, vključno z Londonom Lutonom, Berlin Schönefeld, Milan Malpensa, Budimpešta, Praga, in Bruseljski Charleroi. Iz Kutaisija letijo tudi leti Moskva Domodedovo s Ural Airlines in S7 Airlines.

Ryanair leti v Tbilisi in Kutaisi iz 4 destinacij: Köln, Milan, Marseille, in Bolonjski.

Turkish Airlines leteti vsak dan med Batumi in Istanbul. Vključujejo tudi druge cilje letališča Batumi Kijev (Yanair) in Minsk (dvakrat na teden z Belavia).

Z avtobusom

Obstajajo neposredne avtobusne storitve iz Istanbul, puran, ki se ustavijo na različnih krajih na poti in se končajo v Tbilisi. Metro Georgia^{[mrtva povezava]} ima avtobusne povezave od Batumija do Istanbula, Antalije, Izmirja in Ankare. MetroTurizm ima avtobuse iz Istanbula v bližini gruzijske meje, na primer ob Hopa. Obstaja tudi več avtobusnih postajališč brez postankov med Tbilisijem in Baku, Azerbajdžan. Do Tbilisija vozijo neposredni avtobusi Solun in Atene, Grčija, ki imata obe gruzijski izseljenski skupnosti. Iz Rusije so tudi avtobusi, s podjetji, kot so Ogled Hayreniq zagotavljanje potovanj iz Moskve (in drugih ruskih mest) v Tbilisi.

Z avtom

Vstop z avtom ni večja težava. Če niste lastnik avtomobila, je priporočljivo imeti s seboj pooblastilo. V preteklosti mednarodna zavarovalna kartica ni veljala za Gruzijo, nakup zavarovanja na vstopni točki je bil nujen (čeprav je bil pokrit znesek smešno nizek). Samo voznik lahko z avtom vstopi v nadzorno območje, kdor koli drug v avtu mora uporabljati pas za pešce.

Ceste v Tbilisiju in drugih večjih mestih so običajno gladke in varne, vendar so podeželske ceste pogosto v slabem stanju. Čeprav se izvaja prometna zakonodaja, je vožnja lahko še vedno zelo kaotična. Na podeželju lahko govedo in jeleni občasno upočasnijo promet. Avto je priročen način za ogled podeželja, toda ob obilici taksijev, avtobusov in minibusov je večini obiskovalcev morda bolje na sovoznikovem sedežu.

Z vlakom

Vsak dan vozi vlak čez noč Baku, Azerbajdžan (dnevno), ki ga upravljajo azerijske železnice (vozni red tukaj, kliknite na zemljo za mednarodne povezave). Vsak drugi dan (poleti vsak dan) je na voljo spalnica Erevan, Armenija upravljajo železniški prevozniki iz Južnega Kavkaza (vozni red tukaj, potniški prevoz na levi). Traja kar nekaj dlje kot minibus, a vožnja je zelo udobna in predal boste delili z neznanci, ki si navadno z veseljem delijo pijačo in dobro zgodbo.

Gruzijske železnice so nacionalni železniški prevoznik v Gruziji in ponujajo vlake po vsej državi.

Dolgo zapoznela železniška povezava med Turčijo, Gruzijo in Azerbajdžanom se je odprla 30. oktobra 2017, sprva samo za tovorni promet. Potniške storitve naj bi se začele v tretjem četrtletju 2019; vendar ni jasno, ali bo ta ciljni datum izpolnjen.

Moj čoln

Obstajajo ladijske storitve Batumi in Poti iz Istanbul in Odessa. Turško črnomorsko pristanišče Trabzon je zaprta za potniške storitve. Gruzijsko pristanišče Sukhumi je prav tako zaprto za potniške čolne. Vsa plovila, ki gredo v Sukhumi, morajo biti v bližnjem pristanišču Poti na mejni kontroli z gruzijsko obalno stražo.

Zahteve za COVID-19

Ob prihodu morajo državljani in prebivalci z dovoljenjem za stalno prebivanje v petih državah (Nemčija, Francija, Estonija, Latvija in Litva) predložiti dokazilo o negativnem PCR testu, opravljenem v zadnjih 72 urah, ali opraviti PCR testiranje na lastne stroške v laboratoriju. na letališču.

Obiskovalci, ki potujejo in / ali so v zadnjih 14 dneh bivali v drugih državah, razen v Estoniji, Franciji, Nemčiji, Latviji in Litvi, se strinjajo, da bodo v hotelu odobrili obvezno 8-dnevno karanteno, ki jo je odobrila vlada Gruzije, čemur bo sledila obvezna PCR testiranje po zaključku karantene. Predložite vzorec za PCR testiranje 12. dan od vnosa. Po prihodu v Gruzijo mora vsak obiskovalec opraviti termični pregled. Če telesna temperatura preseže 37,0 ° C, bo potnik v bolnišnici na PCR testiranju.

Obiti

Peš in navigacija

Georgia je odličen kraj za pohodništvo in pohodništvo, saj ponuja številne zanimive poti. Tušeti, Kazbegi, ali Borjomi, samo za poimenovanje nekaterih destinacij. Zaradi pogosto oddaljene narave teh poti je pomembno, da ste dobro pripravljeni in imate s seboj ustrezen in zanesljiv zemljevid. Poleg tega uporaba GPS dodaja še večjo varnost, tako v mestih kot na podeželju. Za zanesljive zemljevide brez povezave in izčrpne poti ter informacije o zemljevidih ​​si oglejte OpenStreetMap, ki ga uporablja tudi ta vodnik in številne mobilne aplikacije, kot je OsmAnd (zapleteno s številnimi dodatki) in KARTE.ME (enostavno, a omejeno).

Z avtobusom

Avtobusi v Gruziji niso zelo priljubljeno prevozno sredstvo. Večinoma se uporabljajo za vožnjo po velikih mestih ali mednarodnih poteh.

Avtor marshrutka

Cene in vozniki minibusov Ker so maršrutke vozila v zasebni lasti, nekateri vozniki skušajo turistom zaračunati več larijev več kot domačini. Če želite prihraniti peni, vprašajte lokalnega prebivalca o ceni in denar dajte naravnost vozniku ali plačajte na blagajni (სალარო), če obstaja.

A marshrutka (iz ruščine: maršrutka, množina marshrutki; Gruzijščina: მარშუტკა ali მარშრუტკა), ki je v bistvu minibus, je najpogostejši način potovanja in vožnje po ustaljenih progah. Ko ugotovite številko vaše poti, na ulici označite marshrutko tako, da iztegnete roko, obrnjeno navzdol.

Obstajajo tudi poti maršrutk med mesti. Njihove poti se običajno končajo na avtobusnih postajah in mestnih tržnicah. Njihov cilj je napisan v gruzijščini, na napisu na sprednjem oknu. Vprašajte voznike marshrutke, če ne najdete iskanega minibusa.

Začnite zgodaj, saj maršrutke večinoma tečejo zjutraj, popoldne pa postanejo redke. Po 16:00 je težko ujeti marshrutko od / do manjših destinacij. Večja mesta imajo povezave do 19:00.

Pogosto je bolje, da se odpravite do izhoda iz mesta in tam ulovite marshrutke, namesto da bi upali, da jih boste dobili na avtobusni postaji. Tako lahko po potrebi celo poskusite s palcem.

Z vlakom

Gruzijska železnica (GR) ima v Gruziji široko mrežo vlakov. Obstajata dve vrsti vlakov: hitri (z omejenimi kraji, skoraj vedno moderni) ali lokalni (počasni in stari, vendar zelo poceni z neomejenimi mesti). Na voljo so tudi nočni vlaki, med Zugdidijem ali Batumijem in Tbilisijem ter Tbilisijem in Erevanom ali Bakujem. The train is generally not cheaper than marshrutkas, instead sometimes twice as expensive. But of course it is far more comfortable than being squeezed into a minibus.

There are several ways to buy ticket:

• railway.ge (the official website). Needs registration. Has a dedicated app. Glej navodila (languages: GE, EN, RU) 
• tkt.ge. The most convenient and easy to use website of all 4 (languages: GE, EN) 
• biletebi.ge. (languages: GE, EN, RU) 
• matarebeli.ge. Has a dedicated app (languages: GE, EN) 

By thumb

Hitchhiking is the best thing to do in Georgia. It is often called autostop and a great way to get to know locals like nothing else. Specifically mentioning "autostop" will let people know, you are not looking for a taxi or paid ride.

Generally, Georgians do not use the thumb but just stand by the road and are occasionally be picked up by cars. However, since its opening to the west, Georgia has changed a lot and nowadays many people, especially younger folks, understand the meaning of the thumb and due to the ever improving English of the population are happy to take tourists along the way for a chat or even a lunch together to show their hospitality.

S taksijem

Taxis in Georgia are a convenient method of travel, and they are very cheap. Trips within Tbilisi range from 3 to 5 lari, depending on distance (6 lari costs a taxi from one corner of Tbilisi to another), and you can negotiate a price with cab drivers. The vast majority of taxis in Georgia used to be unofficial "gypsy cabs", driven by anyone looking to make some money. Such unmarked taxi services in Georgia were generally safe and widely used by foreigners living and visiting the country. Drivers would, however, exaggerate the price for foreigners and so it was best to establish the destination and price before getting in the car. The situation changed a few years ago when all official taxis were obligated to install meters with fixed rates (about 1 lari/km). All taxis in the capital of Georgia that can be hailed are white and have taxi lights.

The ride service apps Bolt (in Batumi, Kutaisi, Tbilisi), Maxim (Batumi, Gori, Kobuleti, Kutaisi, Poti, Rustavi, Tbilisi, Zestafoni, Zugdidi) and Yandex.Taxi are very popular in cities. Using them can spare you from a lot of negotiations with potential taxi drivers. The price is 3 lari for calling a taxi, which includes couple of kilometers. Also, they offer great rates for longer trips outside of cities (for example, 12 lari for a 20-min ride) and sometimes even across borders.

By bicycle

As the country is relatively mountainous, you should consider a mountain bike. Many roads remain unpaved. But by bike allows you to reach more remote regions. You can rent mountain bikes in bigger towns, for example at the Jomardi club^{[dead link]} in Tbilisi.

Z letalom

Georgia has domestic flights, though they're seldom convenient. Georgian Airways fly once a week between Tbilisi International Airport TBS and Batumi. There are other flights, in rinky-dinky light aircraft, to the mountain resorts of Mestia and Ambrolauri, from Natakhtari airfield on the northern edge of Tbilisi and from Batumi.

Z avtom

Be very careful when driving in Georgia. The driver license exam in Georgia is quite lenient: locals only have to pass theory and driving test on a polygon, without a real test on streets. So, Georgians learn how to drive only after getting their driver license or even years before getting one. Also, overtaking without any visibility is a common practice. A 6-yo child sitting on a parent's lap and driving a car on a serpentine road is not that uncommon. So be extremely carefully when driving in sophisticated places.

Najemnina. Many of the big rental companies like Budget, SIXT, Dollar, and AVIS are present in Georgia. However, their prices are as high as in Western Europe. Otherwise, you can try a local rental company, which have rates from 60 lari (Tbilisi) or 100 lari (Kutaisi) per day with full cover. You won't even have to put down a deposit or have your credit card blocked. In Tbilisi many private people rent their second car during the week and use their smaller car for the city.

Glej

• Monasteries – The amount of churches and monasteries is overwhelming and seeing all of them will take you a month or two.
• Hot springs – Found all over Georgia, some good, some great and some ordinary. Get informed, and you will not be disappointed.

Ali

• Hiking – There are vast opportunities to see the mountains and hike along them in the Caucasus. Popular destinations are Tusheti, Kazbegi or Svaneti. A lot of information and up-to-date advices can also be found on Georgia's official Agency of Protected Areas website.

Nakup

Denar

The national currency is the Georgian lari, označena s simbolom "₾" or sometimes by "ლ"(Koda valute ISO: GEL). It is divided into 100 tetri. Banknotes are issued in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 lari, and the rarely-used 200 and 500 lari. Coins are issued in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 tetri, and 1, 2 lari.

There are two issues of the 20-, 50- and 100-lari notes: from 2004 and (in stronger colours) from 2016. Both are valid, and no date has yet been announced for withdrawal of the older notes, but you obviously don't want to leave the country with these. Indeed it's difficult to redeem any form of Georgian currency outside of Europe.

Always have small money with you. 50- or 100-lari notes or so might be difficult to use for payment, especially with taxi drivers. But the latter is often just an excuse not to give change, just ask ahead if the taxi driver has change.

Many Georgians are not very good with numbers and money. Don't bother paying amounts of money, so you get back an even amount, like 10.75 if you owe 7.75. That will confuse them infinitely, and you will never get your desired change.

Money exchange

Exchange kiosks in Tbilisi and Kutaisi generally have only a 1% spread between "buy" and "sell" for major currencies like US dollars or euros, but could be as little as 0.25%. Rates for other currencies like Turkish lira or ruble, or outside of cities, may be much worse. The kiosk may ask for your ID, but usually won't for routine amounts.

ATMs

ATMs are available countrywide and it is generally good to have a card from providers like Visa or MasterCard. In smaller cities or village the ATMs become more sparse.

If withdrawing lari (GEL), never accept on-site currency conversion at ATMs, always let your bank do the exchange. ATM rates can be more than 7% or worse. Your foreign bank is usually 0.5-1.5% off, in addition to the credit card fee. Apparently only Bank of Georgia charges 2 lari extra for cash withdrawals at ATMs.

If withdrawing US dollars, almost all banks allow their ATMs to withdraw USD (except for VTB bank, which allows it only to their customers).

Very few banks and ATMs allow withdrawing evro (€) with foreign bank cards. There are only 2 banks (as of November 2020):

• ProCredit Bank have 24/7 working places that have a special ATM to withdraw USD/EUR: 4 in Tbilisi and one in Batumi, Kutaisi and Zugdidi.

  Maximum amount of withdrawal is €500 and the fee is €8 (as of November 2020).

• TBC bank has higher withdrawal fees, but much wider network — 8 ATMs in Tbilisi and one ATM in each big city: Kutaisi, Batumi, Gori, Zugdidi, and Poti (see "Cash withdrawal and deposit" section tukaj) (as of November 2020)

  $100—$200: withdrawal fee $5

  $300—$500: withdrawal fee $5

  $600—$1000: withdrawal fee $20

  €100—€200: withdrawal fee €5

  €300—€500: withdrawal fee €10

  €600—€1000: withdrawal fee €20

Shopping

• Gold & other jewellery – Gold, silver, handmade & other miscellaneous jewellery and precious stones are very cheap in Georgia and the quality of the precious stones, gold and silver is superb.
• Art & paintings – Georgian artists, such as Pirosmani, Gigo Gabashvili, David Kakabadze, Lado Gudiashvili, Korneli Sanadze, Elene Akhvlediani, Sergo Kobuladze, Simon Virsaladze, Ekaterine Baghdavadze and others, are famous for their work. In Georgia you will find many art shops, paintings and painters who sell their works on the streets. Their work is of high quality and is often very good value.
• Antiques & other miscellaneous gifts – In Georgia you will able to find many antiques not only from Georgia, but also from the Middle East, Russia, the Mediterranean and other parts of Europe.
• Georgian wine. Georgia is the cradle of wine making, and with 521 original varieties of grape you will be sure to find excellent wines. Wine can be bought in vinoteques and thise have a great choice, but in supermarkets might have some those wines for a cheaper price. Some home-made wine might be cheap and tasty, but beware buying wine that is ubelievably cheap, since, according to some locals, it might be concocted from a wine powder. The quality of wine making improved immensely following re-orientation of wine exports to EU markets.
• Cognac. Georgian cognac is unique as it is made from Georgian wine. Try Saradjishvili 'Tbilisi' cognac.
• When heading outside the cities, you might find hand-made carpets for sale.
• Georgians love to drink, so the country has a seemingly infinite number of beers, wines, liquors and distilled drinks. To take home, buy a bottle of chacha, a potent grape vodka somewhat similar to Lebanese arak, Italian grappa ali nemško obstler.

Some souvenir stands present only Georgian honey and Turkish dried fruits, which are not very authentic

• If you'd like to bring souvenir food to home, you may easily find packaged churchkhela or tklapi (Georgian: ტყლაპი), clay bottles with wines, or spices. By the way, some supermarkets are included in the tax free system, so you can contact the store administrator and apply for a tax refund on your purchases.

Georgian export commodities (especially wine and mineral water) used to be widely counterfeited in the domestic and former Soviet Union markets. For example, the Borjomi bottling plant used to produce roughly one million bottles of Borjomi per year, but there were three million bottles sold in Russia alone! In 2007, the government and business groups began a large-scale fight against counterfeit wine and mineral water so the sale of counterfeit products has almost been eliminated. However, when stocking up on bottled wine or mineral water, it is best to buy it at large supermarkets which have better control of their procurement than smaller stores.

Supermarkets

In supermarkets, you will find all the usual food products, mainly brought from Russia, Turkey and sometimes Europe.

There are only 2 hypermarkets chains – Goodwill (გუდვილი) and Carrefour (კარფურ). An average local frequent Carrefour; Goodwill is a bit more expensive. Smaller chains could be found in any district of any town. The most popular chains are: Nikora (ნიკორა), SPAR (სპარი), Smart (სმარტი), and Ori Nabiji (ორი ნაბიჯი). The latter is the cheapest of them all. There is also a special chain of supermarkets called Europroduct (ევროპროდუქტი), that imports food from EU to Georgia.

Besides mentioned supermarket chains, small no-name shops are very popular in Georgia among locals. You can buy groceries there, although the choice will be much more modest. On the other hand, those shops have a friendly and homely atmosphere, because the locals are regulars there; if you frequent the place for 4 or 5 times, shop vendors who are usually the owners will start to recognize you.

Costs

Travelling in Georgia is very affordable. Restaurants, street food and hotels are cheap for a Western traveller. But keep in mind not to brag around about your money or expenses, because many locals live very poor and drag on — a taxi driver in Tbilisi earns around 50 lari per day (working 8-10 hr) and monthly retirement check is 200 lari. So the next time you haggle over a trinket, it may be a good idea to yield.

A budget traveller would have no difficulties getting by (staying very well fed and exploring many of the sights) on less than 500 lari per week, even in the capital. If you visit Georgia for one week, you would have a great time if you bring US$400 (€350) with you. With this amount you will be able to stay in a good hotel, go on wonderful sightseeing tours and eat good food. If you want to travel like a king, everything beyond US$800 (€700) per week will bring you close to this goal.

Good indicators whether you are in a very touristy area or not, is the price of 1 khinkali (0.7-0.8 lari is a normal price).

Tipping

Tipping is common in Western-style restaurants in the capital, but almost never expected in more traditional establishments. In many restaurants, especially in big cities, there is a 10% service charge. In some places in Tbilisi it could be even up to 15%. This is almost never explicitly mentioned and may be added to your bill without warning, so it is advisable to ask beforehand.

Also, tipping is never expected in bars.

Jej

Poglej tudi: Georgian cuisine

Guests partaking in a supra, a Georgian banquet

Georgian traditional cuisine is delicious, cheap, and universal. It is also justly famous throughout the former Soviet Union (visitors to Moscow will have noticed the large number of Georgian restaurants). Georgia fills a list of wonderful, often meat, dishes, usually flavored with garlic, coriander, walnuts, and dill. A traditional Georgian feast (supra) is a sight to behold, with a spread that no group could finish, accompanied by at least 20 toasts set to wine or brandy.

Just wandering into the likeliest looking local joint in any neighborhood whatsoever, even just a block or two from the main tourist streets, will inevitably provide an excellent dining experience at bargain prices - and quite possibly any amount of proud attention and invitations to drink wine from staff and regulars delighted that a foreigner has discovered their haunt. Simply pick by random off the menu and let the unique tastes of Georgia surprise you. Italian- and American-style dishes (pizzas, hamburgers, etc.) are usually a pale copy of the originals. It is much better to try local food.

If you can, try to get yourself invited to dinner at someone's home (this is not too difficult in Georgia, owing to their hospitality and general desire to stuff foreign visitors full of all the food they can afford). The food in restaurants is an odd set piece of the same dishes over and over. But Georgian cuisine is far richer, and has an untold number of dishes to try, prepared from scratch with fresh, locally grown products (although supermarkets are now spreading throughout Georgia).

One special kind of meal in Georgia is the supra, which means a banquet to celebrate something like a wedding or a birthday. These events, led by a tamada (master of ceremonies), include an abundance of food and drink (wine especially) and go on for hours.

Dishes

Khinkali and lobiani

One of the most famous dishes of the Georgian cuisine is khinkali.  . These are dumplings with different fillings: minced spiced meat, mushrooms, cheese, or vegetables, served in enormous quantities. But not like what you are used to doing with dumplings. Georgian men will easily eat 15 huge dumplings, and begin by seasoning the dumplings with pepper. Then grab the dumpling however you like, from the top "handle" if it pleases you (locals often stick a fork in the side of the knot so as not to puncture the dumpling), and take a small bite out of the side to slurp up the juice. Do not let kaj juice fall on your plate, or you will get your chin messy. Then, still holding the khinkali, eat around the top, finishing the dumpling and then placing the twisted top on your plate—traditionally the top is not eaten. It is also nice to look with pride upon all your tops once, with practice, you get into the double digits with these dumplings. Wash them down with wine, Kazbegi beer, or a "limonati" of whichever flavour you prefer (most common flavours are lemon, pear, and estragon/tarragon—which is quite refreshing).

Another signature dish is khachapuri.   – a cheese filled bread, which more resembles cheese pie. It comes several different varieties:

• imeruli(იმერული) or imeretian: These are the most common and often come with every meal, just filled with (imeruli aka cooking) cheese. Often circular, similar to Lobiani.
• megruli (მეგრული) or mingrelian: Like imeruli but topped with additional cheese.
• acharuli (აჭარული) or adjarian: Boat-shaped like puri (break) with an open face and filled with egg in addition to cheese. This one is much more filling and a single proper dish.

There also exist these less common variations:

• guruli (გურული) or gurian: This one, looking like a half moon, has cut boiled eggs as additional filling.
• str^henovani (ფენოვანი): A version made with puff pastry dough instead of normal dough.
• samepho (სამეფო): Instead of regular Imeruli cheese, the better Sulguni cheese is used.
• mkhlovana (მხლოვანა) or mtiuluri (მთიულური) : Besides the cheese also spinach is included.
• osuri: The Ossetian version, with potatoe added.

Lobiani.  , a bean-filled bread is another notable dish and the most popular version is Rachuli Lobiani (რაჭული ლობიანი), like a Khachapuri, but with bean and bacon. Imeretian , again, is just bean-filled. One is mostly too much for one person.

Any one of these just listed dishes beyond 5 lari in a reasonably priced local restaurant is probably too much for 1 person. So, you better combine only one dish with salad and drinks for two people.

As in most traditional cuisines, there are many meat dishes. They are common in the form of stews or sauces, but also barbecued meat is popular: mtsvadi which is known as shashlik in Russia is not just a favorite at outdoor meals but at restaurants too.

Bladdernut salad

There are lots of vegetarian dishes too (mostly in western parts of Georgia) which are quite tasty and accompany most of local parties with heavy wine drinking. However, vegetarianism as such is an alien concept to Georgians, even though the Georgian Orthodox Church obliges its followers to "fast" at various times of the year including the run up to Christmas (7th January). Such fasting means abstaining from meat and eating vegetables and dairy.

Kruh plays a big role in the Georgian cuisine and (shotis) puri.   (შოთის პური) is the most regular bread found in Georgia, made of white flour, and shaped like a canoe. Je tudi Lavashi, which is larger.

Unfortunately, there are certain problems with milk and dairy products in Georgia. There are few cows in the country, the Georgian strains yield much less milk than in Western countries, and the government doesn't subsidize the industry. For these reasons, almost all dairy products are imported from Europe, Russia and Turkey and hence are not cheap. Strangely, despite all this home-made cheese is very popular ingredient in dishes and is sold almost everywhere.

One signature sweet of Georgia is Churchkhela.   (ჩურჩხელა), a candle-shaped candy made of grape must, nuts, and flour. 1.5-2 lari.

Pijte

Chacha

Chacha (ჭაჭა) is a home-made fruit-based distilled clear spirit analogous to Italian grappa. Chacha is made of grape pomace (grape residue left after making wine). It can also be produced from non-ripe or non-cultured grapes and in some cases fig, tangerine, orange or mulberry. It is usually bottled "manually". It can be purchased in corner markets, Farmers Markets, back alleys and basements (kind of under the table) throughout Georgia. 0.5 l start at 2.50 lari. It generally comes in regular water bottles. When bought, it is a good idea to check it right away. Sometimes it can be sour, you will note a weird taste right away. There is also commercially-made chacha that can be found in many shops and supermarkets, throughout available in Tbilisi, where you will have a hard time finding home-made one. The industrial however is much more expensive, starting at 10 lari for 0.5 l.

Wine

Saperavi wines

Georgia has one of the oldest wine-making traditions in the world and has been called the birthplace of wine (also as "Cradle of Wine"), due to archaeological findings which indicate wine production back to 5000 BC. Georgia produces some of the best wines in the world, and thanks to the ancient tradition of wine production and amazing climate, it holds its own with French and Italian wines. Georgian wines are quite famous. It may be true that they are little known in the West, but they certainly are famous among the roughly 280 million people in the former Soviet Union, where Georgian wines remain a welcome drink at any dining table.

Export of home-bottled wine, which is often the best type, is prohibited.

Red

• Saperavi (საფერავი sah-peh-rah-vee)
• Mukuzani (მუკუზანი moo-k'oo-zah-nee)
• Khvanchkara (ხვანჭკარა khvahnch-k'ah-rah) - semi-sweet
• Kindzmarauli (კინძმარაული keendz-mah-rah-oo-lee) - semi-sweet

White

• Tsinandali (წინანდალი ts'ee-nahn-dah-lee)
• Kakheti (კახეთი k'ah-kheh-tee)
• Tbilisuri (თბილისური tbee-lee-soo-ree)
• Rkatsiteli (რქაწითელი rrkah-tsee-tellee)

Imports of Georgian wine and mineral water have been banned by the Russian government, because of the political tension between the two counties.

Beer

Georgia produces a growing number of local beers. A beer tradition has existed in Georgia since ancient times in the mountainous regions of Khevsureti and Tusheti. After independence from the Soviet Union, Georgia revived its beer production and introduced its high quality beers to the market. The first and most popular Georgian beer was Kazbegi. Today, beer production in Georgia is still growing, offering high quality beers (thanks to the high quality mountain spring waters in Georgia and to German designed beer factories). There are also many foreign beers such as Heineken, Bitburger, Lowenbrau, Guinness, etc.

Georgian beer

• Aluda
• Argo
• Batumuri
• Bavariis Herzogi
• Kasri
• Kazbegi (ყაზბეგი q'ahz-beh-gee)
• Khevsuruli
• Lomisi
• Natakhtari
• Tushuri

Mineral waters

Public mineral water source in Borjomi

Georgian mineral waters have exceptional and interesting tastes, which are very different from French and Italian varieties. The most famous Georgian mineral waters are Borjomi (ბორჯომი bohr-joh-mee), Likani (ლიკანი lee-k'ah-nee), and Nabeglavi (ნაბეღლავი nah-beh-ghlah-vee). But there is a plethora of less well-known springs located in small towns and alongside roads throughout the country that is worth sampling. Borjomi isn't just ordinary sparkling water as it has a very high fluoride content and it may take some time to get used to the taste. It is however quite popular also outside Georgia (in the former Soviet republics).

Lagidze waters (soft drink)

Mitrofan Lagidze (ლაღიძე lah-ghee-dzeh) is a surname of a famous Georgian businessman of the 19th century who produced very popular soft drinks in Georgia. Nowadays these waters are called “the Lagidze Waters”. Lagidze soft drinks are made only with natural fruit components, without any chemical, artificial sugars or other additives. The most popular flavours are estragon/tarragon and cream & chocolate.

Spi

The number of major Western European hotels and also budget hostels is growing every year, and not only in Tbilisi, but also in Batumi and other Georgian cities. Throughout much of the countryside, however, private homes are the cheapest and most enjoyable option, though this option is very much a home-stay; expect little privacy.

Since many hostel-like places are popping up rapidly, they are often poorly signposted, and from the outside a great hostel might look like an ordinary apartment. Hence, make sure beforehand to get a detailed description (including GPS) of where to find the place and which apartment to ring at—90% of the time GPS and address are correct. Otherwise, you might be lost forever and even locals won't know where this newly popped up place is. On the other hand, there are countless guesthouses all over the country, often marked with a guest house sign. So, don't bother too much about booking ahead, go with the flow and see where you end up.

Check prices on the usual reservation websites and turn up on site stating the price; owners will happily give you the online rate, so they can skip the fee the pay on such websites. Use Viber or Facebook Messenger to communicate with them.

Nauči se

There are a handful of universities in Georgia which offer degrees or exchange programs taught in English, and among them are:

• University of Georgia
• Grigol Robakidze University
• International Black Sea University (English exclusively)
• Caucasus University
• Georgian American University^{[dead link]} (English exclusively)
• Free University of Tbilisi
• Kutaisi University
• Intensive Georgian Language Workshop for Beginners, American Councils

Delo

Georgians are hard-working people in general, but they also like to have enough free time to enjoy life. Work can start at 10:00 or 11:00 and end at 18:00–19:00. Georgians like to take an hour lunch break and enjoy their food while socializing with their co-workers. People often take two weeks or a whole month off work to enjoy holidays with family. It is an attitude in many ways similar to southern Europe and Mediterranean ones. Approaches to punctuality used to be very relaxed, but this is now changing (at least, in Tbilisi and other main cities).

Foreigners from most countries, including all major English-speaking countries and EU members, are allowed to live visa-free in Georgia for 360 days (and can renew their stay by leaving and re-entering), and to work and engage in business without a visa. Despite this, work for foreigners is generally very limited due to the local salaries being below a living wage by most standards, even for people from other parts of Eastern Europe and the more "well off" former USSR countries like Estonia and Lithuania. A local wage will typically be around 300–400 lari a month, with only a small section of professional managers earning 2000–2500 lari a month. However, most Georgian families have one or more apartments and houses in the countryside, and when one does not have to pay full private sector rent and can share utilities, the local wages will be sufficient for food and drink. If looking for a hospitality job in Georgia, expect to be overworked (14-16 hour days are hardly unheard of), and remember hourly wage isn't really a concept here so any overtime is effectively unpaid.

Foreigners working in Georgia are either employed by the main NGOs like the UNHCR, Save the Children, Danish Refugee Council, etc. Some large Georgian companies may employ foreign managers and consultants. These workers are generally salaried according to Western European norms. One great way for travelers to experience Georgia is to participate in the Teach & Learn with Georgia program. This program places English-speakers in Georgian schools all over the country to assist local teachers in public schools. The Georgian government has set ambitious goals to make English the second language of the country (replacing Russian) by 2020. Participants in the program will have their airfare paid for, will be housed with a local family and will receive 400–500 lari stipend a month, there might not be vacancies, though. However, there are a handful of language schools, especially in Tbilisi that pay roughly the same, though without providing airfare, room or board.

Ostani varen

Georgian police car

Most of Georgia is very safe for foreigners. Crime rates are among the lowest in Europe. The Georgian Ministry of Internal Affairs provides some useful information for foreign visitors.

Corruption, once a big hassle for tourists, has become far less visible since the Rose Revolution. It is now safe and reasonable to trust the Georgian police, as the infamous and corrupt traffic police have been disbanded. Police cars patrol streets in Georgian cities and towns regularly, and can help in case of car trouble or any other problem on the road.

Use of seat belts is now obligatory and strictly enforced. Radars are installed at all main junctures and on key streets and highways throughout the country. However, Georgia leads the South Caucasus in reported road traffic accidents. A person is injured every hour in a traffic-related accident, while one death occurs every 18 hours, according to a study released by a Georgian NGO, the Safe Driving Association. The World Health Organization puts the number at 16.8 fatalities per 100,000 a year (compared to Azerbaijan at 13 and Armenia at 13.9).

Women should be aware that many Georgian men do not believe "no" means no. They believe that no means maybe and maybe means yes. It is not uncommon for men to be very pushy with foreign women in particular. It is best to stay with groups and not to smile or give men attention. If you make a Georgian friend or get to know a Georgian man well, they will take care of you when you go out. There are many kinds of Georgian men, but keep your guard up. As for dressing, follow the general rules of being more conservative in the countryside than in cities. An easy way to avoid unwanted attention is to cover your legs. Georgian girls don't show a lot of leg even in summer, so even a naughty hint of knee can elicit public ogles. Conversely, tight clothes are fairly standard.

According to new marijuana laws, as of early 2019 it is decriminalized to be actively smoking a joint but ne legal to have marijuana in your possession (or to sell, etc.) If you are out with young Georgians, you're likely to be invited to smoke, but even if you find somewhere, usually best not to risk actually buying it. It's not great quality outside of Svanetia anyway.

Taking picture inside of churches is not welcome, and taking a picture of a priest in churches is actually an offence and even a crime.

Tbilisi

Things in Tbilisi and the surrounding countryside have calmed down a lot. Although Tbilisi sometimes has been singled out for its (not always deserved) reputation for street crime, muggings are rather rare.

In the early 2000s, other crime-related hazards in Tbilisi included apartment break-ins and car-jacking, but the situation has changed dramatically, and today Georgia boasts one of the lowest crime rates in Europe.

Kutaisi

The available evidence indicates that Kutaisi, the second largest city in Georgia, suffers from crime rates significantly higher than the national average. It is very important to exercise caution in Kutaisi after dark.

Adjara

The conflict between Adjara and the central government ended with little violence, and it is now perfectly safe to travel throughout the region. The once rampant corruption should now be a rarity for foreigners. Passing through customs at the Sarpi-Hopa border crossing is now routine and uneventful for most tourists, though at certain times it may take two hours or longer, due to long queues.

Separatist regions

Abkhazia in South Ossetia pose challenges for visitors, South Ossetia more than Abkhazia. Abkhazia is easy enough to visit, provided attention is paid to paperwork and border crossings. South Ossetia remains more untamed.

Ostani zdrav

Trashed cemetery in Tskneti, Tbilisi, Georgia

In terms of ecology, Georgia has a lot of problems with waste management, especially in villages and small towns, where municipal services are almost non-existent. Many Georgians don't feel any guilt, when throwing away trash just outside their property. Whole slopes of hills could be filled with trash thrown out, even close to sacred places such as cemeteries.

Giardia is a common issue for foreign visitors. Contraction is most likely via:

• tap water
• swallowed water from lakes, rivers, pools, or jacuzzis
• raw fruits & vegetables
• unpasteurized milk or other dairy products

Drinking tap water is generally safe, but it's better to ask house owners if they drink it themselves.

Euscorpius italicus

Euscorpius mingrelicus

In Central and Western parts of Georgia there are 2 types of scorpions: Euscorpius mingrelicus in Euscorpius italicus. Both types reach lengths of 4 cm. Locals assure, that these scorpion bites are not pleasant (similar to a wasp bite), but never deadly.

Passive smoking could be a big problem, since tobacco is very cheap compared to Western countries and many men smoke, even inside taxis, bars and restaurants.

Good quality prescription drugs can be easily obtained in pharmacies without any prescription. Highly recommended to pay attention to the warranties, since pharmacies would want to ditch outdated drug as fast as possible.

Macrovipera lebetina obtusa

Rarely, but one might stumble upon levant blunt-nosed vipers (Macrovipera lebetina obtusa). Locals call it გიურზა (from Persian gyurza). These vipers live in desert, semi-desert and mountain-steppe areas. It is common in dry foothills and on mountain slopes overgrown with bushes, in rocky gorges with streams and springs, in river valleys. Gyurza is also found on the outskirts of large cities, where it has the necessary shelter and a good food base in the form of rats.

In Tbilisi you will be able to find many gyms and fitness centres with swimming pools and brand new training equipment. In other cities they are rarer.

Vaccination

Tick-borne encephalitis might happen but very rarely and only if one spends time in the countryside. A cautious visitor may want to make some vaccinations for tetanus and diphtheria, but these are not really necessary.

Information about infectious diseases you should get on www.ncdc.ge. Flu season (Jan-Mar) is perhaps worse in Georgia than in, say, Western Europe and vaccinations might be a consideration for particularly vulnerable travellers.

Rabies. Stray dogs are everywhere in Georgia, about a half of which are not vaccinated. Being a vestige of the old times and outdated needs, many locals get themselves a dog not as a pet, but to guard their property. Most of the time stray dogs are not aggressive, but there are quite some cases when people get bitten by them. Georgians are very cautious and afraid of dogs, and very often aggressive towards them; dogs in their turn are quite afraid of people (especially those holding a stick) and might get aggressive out of fear as well. Deaths from being bitten by rabid dogs zmanjšati vsako leto, vendar je bolje, da se cepite pred potovanjem v Gruzijo, saj razvoj delne imunosti traja več kot 1 mesec. En odmerek stane 18 larijev (indijsko cepivo). Francosko cepivo, imenovano VERORAB, v farmaciji stane 45 lari, v kliniki pa 70 lari. Če vas pes ugrizne (tudi če ste cepljeni), takoj obiščite eno od spodaj omenjenih državnih bolnišnic:

• v Tbilisi: 41.72475056235344.7640332240871 ^{[mrtva povezava]}Center za preventivno medicino in imunizacijo (პრევენციული მედიცინისა და იმუნიზაციის ცენტრი), Tbilisi, Taškenti 10a, ☏ 995 32 239 21 49, ✉[email protected]. 24/7. (posodobljeno november 2020)
• v Kutaisi: 42.24668894752442.6850783842632 Regionalna klinična bolnišnica Imereti (ქუთაისის რეფერალური ჰოსპიტალი), Kutaisi, Otskheli 2, ☏ 995 431 22 41 21. (posodobljeno november 2020)
• v Batumi: 41.64035401427241.6235791377093 Republiška klinična bolnišnica (რესპუბლიკური კლინიკური საავადმყოფო), 2 Javakhishvili St, Batumi, ☏ 995 422 27 68 07. (posodobljeno november 2020)

Spoštovanje

Gruzinci so na splošno prijazni, gostoljubni ljudje in so gostoljubni. Če vas Gruzij nekam povabi, zavihek pogosto dvignejo. Tudi postavitev teme, kdo bo plačal račun, je za vašega gostitelja neprijetno. Ker je država nastajajoča kapitalistična država, ne izkoriščajte gostoljubja ljudi.

Gruzijci so na splošno neposredni komunikatorji. Ne bojijo se izražanja svojih čustev in misli o nečem, ne glede na to, kako slabo ali dobro je lahko nekaj. Uporabljajo tudi agresivno govorico telesa in v pogovorih zvišujejo glas - za večino obiskovalcev to pomeni, da so Gruzijci morda prepirljiv kup, Gruzijci pa navadno uporabljajo čustva, da izrazijo zanimanje za pogovor. Kar se v javnosti morda zdi kričanje, je lahko dejansko preprosta, prijazna razprava!

Pogosto se postavljajo neposredna osebna vprašanja. Za Gruzijce to ne velja za nevljudnega, ampak je način, da nekoga v celoti spoznajo.

Tako kot marsikje po nekdanji Sovjetski zvezi tudi z ženskami ravnajo viteško. Popotnice ne bi smele biti presenečene ali zaskrbljene, če njihovi moški gruzijski prijatelji prevzamejo pobudo za plačilo računov v restavraciji, odprejo vsa vrata pred njimi in / ali jim pomagajo nositi predmete ali predmete. Moški popotniki bi morali razumeti, da bodo te odtenke pričakovale Gruzijke, tudi če z njimi niso v romantičnih odnosih.

Občutljiva vprašanja

V Gruziji živi nekaj separatističnih / nacionalističnih gibanj, in sicer v Abhazija in Južna Osetija. V teh temah praktično ni stališča "varne vmesne točke", zato jih preprosto ne omenjajte.

Bodite zelo previdni, ko govorite o Rusiji. Gruzija in Rusija imata sovražno, napeto, nasilno zgodovino in razprave o gruzijsko-ruskih odnosih lahko Gruzijce zelo hitro naredijo čustvene. Čeprav večina Gruzijcev izrazi nenaklonjenost ruski vladi, nekateri Gruzijci s tem sovražijo rusko ljudstvo.

Spoštujte razvoj Gruzije. V preteklosti je veliko zahodnoevropskih državljanov obiskalo Gruzijo, ker so jih privlačile ruševine države in zapuščene klasične stavbe. A ko se Gruzija okreva po letih nestabilnosti, so ti znaki zanemarjanja neizogibno popravljeni, pobarvani in popravljeni. Zaradi tega se nekateri navdušenci nad ruševinami posmehujejo revitaliziranim zgodovinskim okrožjem, ki niso več "verodostojna". Takšni komentarji so lahko precej žaljivi, ker pomenijo, da domačini sami niso tisti "pravi", razen če so umazani, revni in živijo v stavbah s sesutimi stropi. V 19. in začetku 20. stoletja so bile v mnogih zapuščenih zgradbah Gruzije bleščeča plemiška bivališča.

Ne potegnite vzporednic med Gruzijo in sosednjimi islamskimi kulturami. Številni turisti so presenečeni, ko izvedo, da je bil večji del "eksotičnega pridiha" v Tbilisiju uvožen iz Evrope, v nasprotju z Azijo. Večino stavb, ki gledajo na "orientalsko", "mavarsko" in "azijsko", so v 19. stoletju med evropskim navdušenjem nad eksotičnimi slogi zgradili znani evropski arhitekti. Ti mejniki so namensko zasnovani tako, da izgledajo tako, kot izgledajo. Zato je netočno, da o klišeji niti ne govorimo, kadar obiskovalci te elemente Gruzije opisujejo kot "verodostojne" ali "lokalne"; takšni opisi lahko razdražijo domačine.

Povežite se

Internet

• Hostli in hoteli imajo običajno brezplačen brezžični internet za goste, tudi v Mestiji. Enako velja za kavarne in restavracije. Kot pri vsakem javnem omrežju tudi za zaščito podatkov vedno uporabljajte VPN.
• Po celotnem Tbilisiju je na voljo brezplačno omrežje Wi-Fi z imenom "Tbilisi te ljubi".

Telefon

Georgia koda države je 995. Gruzija za mobilne telefone uporablja GSM (900 MHz in 1800 MHz).

Tu so operaterji:

• Beeline - rusko podjetje, najcenejše, vendar na nekaterih področjih ne dobi najboljšega sprejema. Cene od septembra 2019: 4 tedne, 4 GB, 9 larijev. 2 tedna, 10 GB, 10 lari. 3 tedni, 10 GB, 15 larijev.
• Geocell - turško podjetje na nekaterih področjih nima najboljšega sprejema. Tarifne cene
• Magti - ima boljši sprejem, vendar je lahko nekoliko dražji. Tarifne cene od aprila 2021:

  30 dni - 1 GiB (5 larijev), 3 GiB (9 larijev), 5 GiB (12 larijev), 20 GiB (30 larijev), neomejeno (150 larijev)

  30 dni, posebna ponudba "Čudoviti dnevi" (upravičena vsako nedeljo): 5 GiB (5 larijev), 8 GiB (8 larijev), 9 GiB (9 larijev), 18 GiB (16 larijev), 20 GiB (18 lari) itd.

  1 dan neomejeno (1 lari), 7 dni neomejeno (5 larijev)

Kartice SIM na letališču dobijo brezplačno. Napolnite jih kasneje, saj lahko na letališču prihaja do strmega doplačila. Ne nasedajte na videz dobrim minutnim ponudbam - gre za krame, vsi uporabljajo messengerje (lastniki hotelov, vodniki, bančne službe, celo vladni uslužbenci in bančni delavci bi raje sel), zato minut sploh ne boste potrebovali, samo podatke. Vsekakor počakajte na posebne ponudbe, da kupite enako količino prometa 2-3 krat ceneje kot običajne tarife.

Magti in Beeline omogočata privezovanje. eSIM še ni na voljo.

Če nameravate v prihodnje uporabljati gruzijsko kartico SIM zunaj Gruzije (na primer za avtorizacijo SMS za bančništvo), ni mogoče dobiti nobene storitve, če niste osebno vklopili gostovanja v operaterskem salonu.

Glasniki

V zvezi s komunikacijo z nastanitvami, turističnimi informacijami in tako naprej se WhatsApp, Viber in Facebook Messenger v glavnem uporabljajo v Gruziji. Nekateri imajo tudi Telegram, vendar ni široko razširjen in z nekdanjimi ste bolje.

Mail

Poštne storitve v Gruziji so skoraj prenehale obstajati. Nabiralnikov in dostave na dom ni. Pošta prejemnikom ne prispe, so pa o tem obveščeni in pošto morajo prevzeti na pošti. Poštne tarife so zelo visoke (stane 4 lari poslati dopisnico v drugo državo brez številke sledenja in 14 lari poslati s številko za sledenje, medtem ko v sosednji Armeniji stane ~ 1 lari). Razglednice stanejo 1-2 lari po vsej državi. Nekaj ​​poštnih uradov, ki jih še vedno vzdržuje Georgian Post so slabo označeni in pogosto v zapuščenih stavbah.