Nova Zelandija - New Zealand

COVID-19 informacije: Vstop na Novo Zelandijo brez karantene je dovoljen le prebivalcem Avstralije, Cookovih otokov in Niueja. Prebivalci vseh drugih držav morajo po prihodu iti v upravljano izolacijo ali karanteno (MIQ) vsaj 14 dni. Zaradi omejenih prostorov je vstop omejen na državljane in prebivalce Nove Zelandije ter odobrene bistvene delavce (in njihove otroke in partnerje), vaš prostor MIQ pa je treba rezervirati vnaprej. Nova Zelandija je odpravila lokalni prenos virusa COVID-19. Nevarnost novega izbruha pa ostaja, zato na nekaterih področjih še vedno veljajo preventivni ukrepi. Informacije o novozelandski vladi v zvezi s pandemijo lahko najdete na spletnem mestu covid19.govt.nz

(Podatki so bili nazadnje posodobljeni 21. aprila 2021)

Nova Zelandija (Māori: Aotearoa) je ena najlepših držav na svetu, dežela osupljivih in raznolikih naravnih lepot: razgibane gore, valjanje pašnikov, strme fiorde, nedotaknjena jezera, napolnjena s postrvmi, besne reke, slikovite plaže in aktivne vulkanske cone. Ti otoki tvorijo edinstveno bioregijo, v kateri živijo ptice, ki ne letijo nikjer drugje, kot sta kakapo in kivi. Novozelandci so kivi sprejeli kot nacionalni simbol in celo prevzeli besedo Kivi kot ime zase.

Otoki niso gosto poseljeni, Južni otok še manj kot Severni, vendar so lahko dostopni. Država ima sodobne objekte za obiskovalce in prometna omrežja, ki so razmeroma dobro razvita. Nova Zelandija naravi pogosto doda pustolovski zasuk. To je prvotni dom vodnih čolnov po plitvih soteskah, pa tudi motečih skokov s česar koli, kar je dovolj visoko, da vznemirja.

Māori kultura še naprej igra pomembno vlogo v vsakdanjem življenju in identiteti naroda. Vlada in podjetja Nova Zelandija je polna maorijske simbolike. Obiskovalci imajo obilo priložnosti za razumevanje in izkušnjo zgodovine in današnje oblike življenja Maori.

Regije

Nova Zelandija je zelo raznolika država s številnimi regijami, ki si jih je vredno ogledati, toda na visoki ravni jo je najlažje razčleniti glede na dva glavna otoka in manjše priobalne otoke.

Severni otok Blaga klima s pokrajino od peščenih plaž preko valjanih kmetijskih zemljišč in gozdov do aktivnih vulkanskih vrhov z blatnimi blatnimi bazeni.

Južni otok Spektakularne gore in fjordi, veliki bukovi gozdovi, čudovite plaže, veliki ledeniki, moto meka.

Otok Stewart Večina otoka, pokritega z avtohtonim gozdom in bogatim s ptičjimi vrstami, predstavlja nacionalni park.

Otoki Chatham Odmaknjeni otoki daleč na vzhodu, tradicionalni dom prebivalstva Moriori.

Subantarktični otoki Ekspedicijske ladje vodijo obiskovalce na te oddaljene in nenaseljene otoke, da si ogledajo subantarktično floro in favno.

Carstvo Nove Zelandije vključuje tudi Cookovi otoki, Niue, Tokelau, in Rossova odvisnost v Antarktika. Čeprav imajo ti kraji z Novo Zelandijo istega monarha kot voditelja države in imajo njihovi državljani novozelandske potne liste, so tudi samoupravni in imajo različne režime priseljevanja, podnebje in kulture. Tako so obravnavani v ločenih člankih, ne pa tukaj.

Mesta

• -41.29174.781 Wellington - nacionalna prestolnica s stavbami parlamenta in čebelnjaka ter čudovitim brezplačnim muzejem Te Papa
• -36.85174.752 Auckland - Mesto jader z pristanišči na vzhodni in zahodni obali, daleč največje mesto z 1,4 milijona prebivalcev in vsem velikim mestom
• -43.53172.643 Christchurch - Garden City, največje mesto na Južnem otoku, ki se je nenehno spreminjalo, ko se je februarja 2011 obnavljalo od uničujočega potresa
• -45.87170.54 Dunedin - Edinburgh na jugu, ponosen na to Škoti dediščine, kolonija Južni Albatros in njene čudovite poteptaške proge v kratki vožnji od osrednjega poslovnega okrožja
• -37.78175.285 Hamilton - listnato središče bogatega in rodovitnega Waikata na bregovih mogočne reke Waikato južno od Aucklanda, dom maskote za rugby Mooloo
• -39.49176.926 Napier - ena najboljših koncentracij arhitekture Art Deco na svetu, znana kot vinska regija in blizu vzrejne kolonije gannet Cape Kidnappers in svetišča za divje živali
• -41.27173.287 Nelson - uspešna umetniška kultura, raznolika kulinarika s poudarkom na lokalnih pridelkih, pivovarstvo z najvišjimi sončnimi urami na Novi Zelandiji, obkroženo s čudovitimi obalnimi in gorskimi pokrajinami, tremi osupljivimi nacionalnimi parki, vinogradi in sadovnjaki
• -45.03168.668 Queenstown - adrenalinska in avanturistična prestolnica sveta, kjer lahko smučate, skakate s padalom, skakate s skakalnicami, jet-čolnom in se navdušite do srca
• -38.13176.259 Rotorua - znan po kulturi Māori in geotermalni dejavnosti, vključno z gejzirji, fascinantnimi bazeni z vrelim blatom in čudovitimi vročimi bazeni in izviri

Druge destinacije

Žičnica nad Wellingtonom

Nova Zelandija ima bogastvo narodnih parkov, podeželja in drugih krajev, ki jih je vredno obiskati. Tu je nekaj najboljših.

• -40.83172.91 Narodni park Abel Tasman - zlate peščene plaže, kajakaštvo in obalna proga Abel Tasman
• -43.73170.12 Narodni park Aoraki Mount Cook - veliko možnosti za pohodništvo in najvišja gora Nove Zelandije
• -35.2174.173 Zaliv otokov - lepo mesto na severnem otoku z zgodovinskim pomenom
• -36.83175.584 Polotok Coromandel - razgibana obala z obilico plaž in pohodniških možnosti le uro in pol od Aucklanda
• -41.53173.45 Marlborough - največja vinorodna regija v državi
• -44.67167.936 Milford Sound - čudovit fiord v narodnem parku Fiordland
• -38.69176.077 Taupo - ribolov postrvi in ​​pustolovske dejavnosti na osrednjem severnem otoku
• -39.2175.588 Narodni park Tongariro - trije vulkani, dve smučišči in eden najbolj priljubljenih pohodov v državi
• -43.38170.189 Westland National Park - dom ledenikov Franz Josef in Fox

Razumeti

Kapital	Wellington
Valuta	Novozelandski dolar (NZD)
Prebivalstvo	5,1 milijona (2020)
Elektrika	230 voltov / 50 herc (AS / NZS 3112)
Koda države	64
Časovni pas	UTC 13:00, UTC 12:00
Nujne primere	111
Vozna stran	levo
uredi na Wikidata

Nova Zelandija je vedno bolj znana, tako v avtohtonih Maorski jezik in v novozelandski angleščini, kot Aotearoa, pogosto prevedeno kot "dežela dolgega belega oblaka". Prvotno se je Aotearoa skliceval le na Severni otok.

Dva glavna otoka sta uradno poimenovana Severni otok / Te Ika-a-Māui in Južni otok / Te Waipounamu. Te Ika-a-Māui pomeni "riba Māui"; v legendi je Severni otok velikanska riba, ki jo je iz morja povlekel polbog Māui z glavo proti jugu. Wellington se včasih imenuje te upoko o te ika (glava ribe ") in nekoč se je ponašal z mesečno revijo z naslovom Ribja glava. Te Waipounamu pomeni "zelene vode"; greenstone je nefritni žad, ki ga najdemo na južnem otoku in ga ljudje Maori zelo cenijo. Alternativno (vendar neuradno) ime Māori za Južni otok je Te Waka-a-Māui (kanu Māui).

Geografija

Nova Zelandija je sestavljena iz dveh glavnih otokov (Severnega in Južnega) in številnih manjših v južnem Tihem oceanu približno 1.600 km (1.000 milj) jugovzhodno od Avstralija. Država pokriva 268.000 kvadratnih kilometrov, kar je nekoliko več kot Združeno kraljestvo in približno enake velikosti kot ameriška zvezna država Kolorado (čeprav tanjši in daljši). Južni otok je večji od dveh glavnih otokov (150.400 kvadratnih kilometrov proti 113.700 kvadratnih kilometrov) in ga včasih imenujejo "celina", čeprav ima le tretjino prebivalstva Severnega otoka.

Nova Zelandija leži na pacifiškem ognjenem obroču in se razprostira na pacifiški in avstralski tektonski plošči. Meja plošče prečka zahodni Južni otok, tvori Alpski prelom in ustvarja Južne Alpe, glavno gorsko verigo, ki se razteza večino otoka. Posledično je Nova Zelandija dom pomembnih vulkanskih in geotermalnih dejavnosti, nagnjena pa je tudi k potresom.

Država je dolga in ozka, od morja ni več kot 130 km (80 milj) zračne linije. Od najsevernejšega mesta do najjužnejšega ceste je 2100 km - kar ustreza razdalji od Vancouver do Los Angelesali od Bruselj do Málaga.

Poskrbite, da boste imeli dovolj časa za potovanje po Novi Zelandiji. Vsekakor se splača potovati po vsaj treh ali štirih tednih na vsakem otoku, čeprav si zagotovo lahko ogledate vrhunce v precej krajšem času. Ceste se vijejo vzdolž obale in po gorskih verigah, zlasti v Južni otok. Med izhodnimi anketami na mednarodnem letališču Christchurch je veliko mednarodnih obiskovalcev komentiralo, da so podcenili čas, ki bi ga potrebovali za pravilen obisk.

Podnebje

Na splošno ima Nova Zelandija zmerno pomorsko podnebje s toplimi poletji, hladnimi zimami in rednimi padavinami skozi vse leto. Obstajajo štirje letni časi, poletje od decembra do februarja in zima od junija do avgusta (nasprotno od severne poloble). Geografija države ustvarja približno 10 različnih podnebnih regij, od blizu subtropskega severa Aucklanda do skoraj celinskega in polsuhega v osrednjem Otagu.

Gorski verigi vzdolž severovzhodno-jugozahodne osi Nove Zelandije predstavljajo oviro za močne prevladujoče zahodne vetrove, ki jih pogosto imenujejo ropotajoča štirideseta. Vlažen zrak, ki zadene gore, potisnemo navzgor in ohladimo, vlaga pa pada nazaj proti zahodu kot dež. Posledično zahodna polovica države prejema več kot povprečno padavin, vzhodna polovica pa manj od povprečja. Ta učinek je najbolj izrazit na južnem otoku z južnimi Alpami: Zahodna obala na leto prejme 2000–7000 mm dežja, medtem ko je obalno Canterbury in Otago na vzhodu prejmejo le 500–800 mm. Večina drugih krajev v povprečju letno prejme med 600 in 1600 mm. V severnih in osrednjih delih države je poleti praviloma bolj suho; v južnih predelih je pozimi praviloma bolj suho.

Povprečne dnevne poletne temperature so od 17 ° C do 25 ° C. Zimske dnevne najvišje povprečne temperature so od 7 ° C do 16 ° C, nočne pa najnižje povprečno od -3 ° C do 8 ° C. Najtoplejše temperature običajno najdemo na severu in vzhodu obeh otokov, medtem ko najhladnejše temperature običajno najdemo v celinskih delih obeh otokov in južnem Južnem otoku. Sončne ure so najvišje v obalnih krajih Zaliv obilja, Nelson Bays in Marlborough.

Sneg pada predvsem v gorskih predelih države in nekaterih celinskih predelih, pozimi pa lahko občasno zapre gorske prehode in visoke ceste. Sneg lahko enkrat na 1–2 leti pade do morske gladine v vzhodnih in južnih predelih Južnega otoka. Sneg na zahodnem Južnem otoku in obalnem Severnem otoku je redek pojav; Wellington v povprečju sneži do morske gladine vsakih 40-50 let. Neokrnjena območja države lahko postanejo nekoliko vetrovna, zlasti v središču, skozi ožino Cook in okoli Wellingtona.

Vreme na Novi Zelandiji je zelo spremenljivo in tudi poleti boste lahko v enem dnevu prejeli vse štiri letne čase. Bodite pripravljeni na to, da se vreme brez najave spremeni iz lepe v ploho (in obratno). Metservice ima vremenske napovedi za deset dni vnaprej.

Zgodovina

Pogodba iz Waitangija na ogled v Papa Tongarewa, narodni muzej, v Wellington

Nova Zelandija je bila zadnja večja kopna, ki so jo poselili ljudje. To je skupaj s poznoevropsko kolonizacijo, geološko mladostjo in geografsko izolacijo pripeljalo do razvoja mladega, močnega naroda z dobro prepotovanim in izobraženim prebivalstvom. Vsak četrti prebivalec Nove Zelandije (vsak tretji med 22. in 48. letom) živi v tujini.

Polinezijski Maori so naselili Novo Zelandijo okoli leta 1280 n. Št., Ko so se preselili z območja Cookovih otokov. "Nieuw Zeeland"se je pojavil na nizozemskih zemljevidih ​​že leta 1645, po raziskavah Abela Tasmana leta 1642 (po katerem je Tasmanija poimenovana); kartografi so državo poimenovali po nizozemski provinci Zeeland. Možno je, da so drugi evropski raziskovalci za obstoj Nove Zelandije vedeli že sredi 14. stoletja. Kapetan Cook je leta 1769 ponovno odkril, obkrožil in preslikal glavne otoke.

Nekateri zapiralci, kitolovci, trgovci in misijonarji so se naselili v naslednjih 80 letih, mnogi pa so naleteli na močan odpor lokalnega ljudstva Maori. Februarja 1840 so se britanski misijonarji in poglavarji Maorij dogovorili o Waitangijski pogodbi, ki velja za ustanovni dokument moderne Nove Zelandije. Pogodba je Māoriju zagotovila nadaljnje lastništvo njihove zemlje in posesti ter jim podelila pravice britanskih podložnikov, v zameno za to, da so britanski kroni prepustili suverenost. Istega leta se je začelo intenzivnejše naseljevanje. Sprva priključena koloniji Novi Južni Wales, Nova Zelandija je bila razdeljena v ločeno kolonijo leta 1841. Izkazalo se je, da ima Waitangijska pogodba številne napake pri prevajanju, angleška in maorijska različica pa govorijo drugače (na primer v angleški različici piše "suverenost", vendar v različici Māori piše "upravljanje"), kar povzroča težave med Māori in britansko krono zaradi razlage pogodbe. Niz kopenskih vojn med letoma 1843 in 1872, skupaj s političnim manevriranjem in širjenjem evropskih bolezni, je zlomil Maorijev odpor do naselitve, vendar je pustil trajne zamere. Novozelandska vlada je od takrat poskušala odpraviti dolgoletne pritožbe na Maori, vendar je bil to zapleten postopek, ki traja še danes.

Leta 1882 je ladja Dunedin zaključil prvo uspešno pošiljko hladilnega mesa z Nove Zelandije v Anglijo. V naslednjih 90 letih je oskrba z mesom, volno in mlečnimi izdelki na Britanskih otokih predstavljala osnovo novozelandskega gospodarstva. 19. septembra 1893 je Nova Zelandija postala prva (današnja) država na svetu, ki je ženskam podelila volilno pravico.

Ko se je šest britanskih kolonij združilo Avstralija leta 1901 se je Nova Zelandija odločila, da se ne pridruži federaciji. Namesto tega je britanska kolonija Nova Zelandija leta 1907 postala ločena samoupravna britanska oblast. Ponudili so ji popolno neodvisnost v skladu z Westminsterskim statutom iz leta 1931, čeprav jo je sprejela šele leta 1947. Nova Zelandija je Združenemu kraljestvu zagotovila vojaško podporo leta burske vojne 1899–1902 in v obeh svetovnih vojnah kot del zavezniških vojnih prizadevanj. Narod je sodeloval tudi v vojnah v Ljubljani Malezija, Koreja, Vietnam in Afganistanuin v več mirovnih akcijah. Vendar se je Nova Zelandija zlasti izognila drugi vojni v Iraku, v kateri so se borile ZDA, Velika Britanija in Avstralija.

Ko se je Združeno kraljestvo leta 1973 pridružilo Evropski gospodarski skupnosti, je Nova Zelandija dejansko izgubila glavnega trgovinskega partnerja in nacionalno gospodarstvo se je soočalo z negotovo prihodnostjo. Država je nato preživela velike gospodarske reforme, ki so trajale sredi devetdesetih let, povečala gospodarske vezi s sosedo Avstralijo in diverzificirala izvoz na trge pacifiških obrob.

Novozelandski zakon o ustavi sta leta 1986 sprejeli Nova Zelandija in Britanija, s čimer se je končala kakršna koli preostala moč, ki bi jo moral imeti britanski parlament za sprejemanje zakonov za Novo Zelandijo, čeprav britanska kraljica ostaja vodja države z imenovanim (Novozelandec) Generalni guverner kot njen predstavnik na Novi Zelandiji.

Številni Novozelandci odločno nasprotujejo testiranju in uporabi jedrskega orožja. Nova Zelandija je nasprotovala francoskim jedrskim poskusom na atolu Mururoa, ki so vodili francoske tajne agente v bombardiranje ladje Greenpeace Mavrični bojevnik medtem ko je bila julija 1985. pristana v Aucklandu. Zavrnitev ZDA, da bi izjavile, ali imajo gostujoče ladje jedrsko orožje, je privedla do tega, da jim je vlada leta 1987 prepovedala izstop na teritorialne vode Nove Zelandije. v okviru skupnega ameriško-avstralsko-novozelandskega obrambnega zavezništva. Obrambni odnosi z ZDA so se odtlej otopili, leta 2016 pa ladja ameriške mornarice (rušilec USS Sampson) je bilo dovoljeno vstopiti v vode Nove Zelandije prvič po skoraj 30 letih.

Politika

Parlamenta in izvršno krilo ("čebelnjak") v Ljubljani Wellington

Politični sistem Nove Zelandije v veliki meri temelji na britanskem Westminsterskem sistemu, z nekaterimi izjemnimi izjemami, kot je le ena zakonodajna hiša - država je svoj zgornji dom odpravila leta 1951.

Novozelandski parlament je 120-članski predstavniški dom, ki je izvoljen vsaka tri leta s pomočjo mešani sorazmerni član (MMP) sistem glasovanja. Šef vlade je premier, ki je običajno vodja največje politične stranke med tistimi, ki sestavljajo vlado. Od leta 2020 so na Novi Zelandiji štiri glavne politične stranke: desnosredinska nacionalna stranka, levosredinska laburistična stranka, okoljevarstvena stranka Zelenih in libertarna stranka ACT.

Izvršna veja je kabinet, ki ga vodi premier, ki ministre iz kabineta imenuje med člani predstavniškega doma. Vrhovno sodišče Nove Zelandije vodi sodno vejo in je bilo najvišje pritožbeno sodišče, odkar je leta 2004 prevzelo to vlogo od britanskega tajnega sveta.

Kraljica Elizabeta II je monarh in vodja države, njen predstavnik na Novi Zelandiji pa je imenovan za generalnega guvernerja. Kot ustavni monarh so vloge kraljice in njenega generalnega guvernerja večinoma slovesne, pri čemer ima največ vlad v vladi premier.

Nova Zelandija je bila prva današnja država na svetu, ki je ženskam podelila volilno pravico, že 19. septembra 1893. Vendar so ženske smele kandidirati na volitvah v parlament šele leta 1919, pred Novo Zelandijo pa je bilo leta 1933 je imela svojo prvo poslanko. Prva premierka je bila imenovana leta 1997.

Pod državno vlado je Nova Zelandija razdeljena na 16 regij in ločeno na 65 mest in okrožij. Ker regije temeljijo na fizični geografiji, mesta in okrožja pa na človeški geografiji, nekatera okrožja spadajo v dve ali več regij. Pet mest ali okrožij (Auckland, Gisborne, Marlborough, Nelson in Tasman) je enotnih oblasti - hkrati so regija in mesto / okrožje. Poleg tega obstaja nekaj pacifiških otoških ozemelj, ki so prosto povezana z Novo Zelandijo; z drugimi besedami, popolnoma se samoupravljajo glede svojih notranjih zadev, vendar so njihovi državljani novozelandski državljani, novozelandski dolar še naprej uporabljajo kot svojo valuto, Nova Zelandija pa je še naprej odgovorna za njihove zunanje zadeve in obrambo.

Ljudje

Je aha te mea nui o te ao? On tangata, on tangata, on tangata. (Kaj je najpomembnejše na svetu? To so ljudje, ljudje, ljudje.)–Māorski pregovor

Nova Zelandija od junija 2020 živi približno 5,08 milijona ljudi. Na južnem otoku živi približno 1,19 milijona, večina preostalih pa na severnem otoku. Otok Waihekev zalivu Hauraki ob obali Aucklanda je daleč najbolj obljuden priobalni otok s 9.700 prebivalci. Država kot celota je redko poseljena, s povprečno 18 prebivalci na kvadratni kilometer. Država je zelo urbanizirana: 86,5% prebivalstva živi v mestih in več kot polovica prebivalstva države živi v štirih največjih mestnih območjih: Auckland (1.535.000), Wellington (412.000), Christchurch (397.000) in Hamilton (236.000) .

Prebivalstvo Nove Zelandije je večinoma evropskega porekla, saj je bila nekdanja britanska kolonija in je imigracijska politika države pred letom 1987 dala prednost evropskim, severnoameriškim in avstralskim državljanom. Skupno je približno tri četrtine prebivalstva neposrednega ali posrednega evropskega porekla. Avtohtoni Maori predstavljajo precejšnjo manjšino, približno šestina vseh Novozelandcev trdi, da imajo Maori prednike. Obstajajo tudi pomembne azijske in polinezijske skupine, zlasti na območju Aucklanda in v manjši meri na območju Wellingtona. Približno 11% Novozelandcev se identificira z več etničnimi skupinami, najpogostejša kombinacija pa je evro-maori.

Število ljudi, ki trdijo, da so krščanski, na Novi Zelandiji vztrajno upada s povečanim priseljevanjem iz Azije in vedno več ljudi, ki trdijo, da so nereligiozni. Od leta 2013 je okrog 49% prebivalstva kristjanov, 6% sledi nekrščanski religiji, 42% je nereligioznih in 4% nasprotuje navedbi svoje vere.

Časovni pasovi

Nova Zelandija vodi čas po večini sveta!

The Otoki Chatham, del Nove Zelandije, vendar 800 kilometrov (500 milj) vzhodno od Christchurcha, ohranite standardni čas Chatham Islands (CIST), tako da univerzalnemu koordiniranemu času (UTC) dodate dvanajst ur in petinštirideset minut, ki izhajajo po UTC 12:45. Edini drugi uradni časovni pas s 45-minutnim prirastkom po UTC je Nepal. Linijski otoki Kiribati; Tonga in Samoa so edini časovni pasovi naprej od UTC.

Glavni otoki Nove Zelandije so 12 ur pred srednjim časom po Greenwichu (UTC 12 = NZST = novozelandski standardni čas) in 20 ur pred pacifiškim standardnim časom (PST).

Poletni čas (UTC 13 = NZDT = Novozelandski poletni čas) se začne zadnjo nedeljo v septembru in konča prvo nedeljo v aprilu.

Prazniki

Državni prazniki na Novi Zelandiji so:

Ognjemet ob obletnici Aucklanda

• 1. januarja: Novoletni dan.
• 2. januarja: Novoletne počitnice.
• 6. februarja: Waitangi dan, ob obletnici podpisa Waitangijske pogodbe leta 1840.
• Velikonočni vikend: štiridnevni vikend v marcu ali aprilu (določen glede na zahodnokrščanske datume), ki ga sestavljajo veliki petek, velikonočna nedelja, velikonočni ponedeljek in vmesna sobota (ne državni praznik). Večina trgovin mora ostati zaprta na veliki petek in veliko noč.
• 25. aprila: ANZAC, dan ob obletnici avstralskega in novozelandskega vojaškega korpusa, ki je pristal pri Galipoli leta 1915. Večina trgovin mora ostati zaprtih do 13:00.
• Prvi ponedeljek v juniju: Kraljičin rojstni dan.
• Četrti oktober v ponedeljek: Praznik dela.
• 25. decembra: Božični dan. Večina trgovin mora ostati zaprtih.
• 26. decembra: Boksarski dan.

Vsak del države ima svojega Dan obletnice državni praznik. Dnevi obletnice temeljijo na provincialnih mejah pred letom 1876, ki se ne ujemajo z današnjimi regionalnimi mejami. Med njimi so najpogosteje opaženi Dan obletnice Aucklanda, ki ga v ponedeljek, najbližje 29. januarja, opazuje Severni otok severno od (in vključno) Taupo, in Dan obletnice Wellingtona, ki ga v ponedeljek, najbližji 22. januarja, opazujejo Veliki Wellington in večina regije Manawatu-Wanganui. Medtem ko obletnico Aucklanda več ljudi spremlja neposredno (2,5 milijona), obletnico Wellingtona več ljudi posredno spremlja, ker imajo vsi vladni oddelki in veleposlaništva sedež v Wellingtonu. Na vsaki strani regije morajo biti navedeni datumi obletnice.

Ministrstvo za šolstvo določa šolsko leto za vse državne in z državami integrirane šole (96,5% vseh šol). Srednješolci (stari od 13 do 18 let) običajno odmorijo za poletne počitnice, ko končajo izpite v začetku decembra, osnovnošolci (od 5 do 12 let) pa sredi decembra. Učenci se v šolo vrnejo konec januarja ali v začetku februarja. Obstajajo trije odmori za dva tedna - en v aprilu (običajno se začne na veliki petek), drugi v juliju in drugi v septembru / oktobru. Študentje terciarije običajno začnejo konec februarja ali v začetku marca in končajo v začetku novembra z zimskimi odmori od treh do štirih tednov junija / julija in dvema enotedenskima premoroma sredi semestra na veliko noč in konec Avgust.

Govori

Poglej tudi: Angleške jezikovne sorte, Māori zvezek

angleščina je primarni jezik Nove Zelandije, ki ga govori 96–98% prebivalstva. Angleščina je a de facto uradni jezik, poleg dveh drugih de jure uradni jeziki: Māori (te reo Māori), jezik avtohtonega ljudstva Māori in Novozelandski znakovni jezik (NZSL), jezik skupnosti gluhih.

Novozelandska angleščina na splošno sledi britanskim črkovalnim pravilom in besednjakom, vsebuje pa tudi številne lokalne slengovske besede in besede, ki izhajajo iz jezika maori, in je dovolj razločna, da upravičuje svojo različico Oxfordovega slovarja. Novozelandski poudarek je večinoma nerotičen (tj. Brez volanega r-a po samoglasnikih), razen v spodnji polovici Južnega otoka, kjer rtični naglas "Southland burr" še vedno obstaja zaradi velikega priseljevanja Škotske v zgodnjih dneh. Najbolj opazna razlika v novozelandskem naglasu v primerjavi z drugimi poudarki je izrazit premik v kratkih i (kot v kompletu) in kratkih e (kot v obleki); kratki-i se je premaknil in združil s schwa (vejica a v a), medtem ko se je kratki-e premaknil na mesto kratkega-i. Druga opazna razlika je Nova Zelandija medved – pivo združitev, zato so besede, kot so "zrak" in "uho", "medved" in "pivo", "stol" in "razveseli" ter "vila" in "trajekt", enake v izgovorjavi, kar vodi do nenavadne šale o pijanem Zlatolaska.

Novozelandci pravijo, da je določeno mesto "na Severnem otoku" ali "na Južnem otoku" (npr. "Auckland je na Severnem otoku"), ne pa "na Severnem otoku". To velja le za dva glavna otoka; Novozelandci recimo pravijo "na otoku Waiheke".

Māori (te reo Māori) tekoče govori manjšina Maorjev in tistih, ki se učijo jezika (3,7% prebivalcev Nove Zelandije ob popisu leta 2013 in približno 11–20% Maorij), z največjo koncentracijo govorcev na skrajnem severu in vzhodu severa Otok. Po vsej Novi Zelandiji je veliko srednjeveških in dvojezičnih šolskih učiteljev, ki govorijo angleško, in večina šol, ki poučujejo angleščino, ponuja Māori kot učni jezik. Poleg tega obstajajo tudi brezplačni televizijski in radijski kanali, ki oddajajo v Māoriju. Večini popotnikov se ne bi bilo treba učiti maori, saj so materni govorci maori dvojezični v angleščini. Kljub temu močan vpliv Māorija na novozelandska krajevna imena pomeni, da je znanje izgovorjave Māori lahko koristno in celo domačini, ki ne govorijo Māori, običajno znajo izgovoriti besede Māori - čeprav se zdi, da imajo nekatera krajevna imena dve izgovorjavi: "eno in tisto, ki jo domačini uporabljajo v navadi. Največji izlet z izgovorjavo Māori za ne-Novozelandce je wh, ki se izgovarja "f" tako kot pri očetu, tako na primer Whakatane je izgovorjena fa-ka-ta-nee, ne wa-ka-ta-nee. Danes je jezik maori uspešen in ljudje, ki niso maorskega porekla, se ga vse bolj učijo kot drugega jezika, četudi ravno dovolj, da sodelujejo pri tradicionalni dobrodošlici maorjev na marae.

Novozelandski znakovni jezik (NZSL) je leta 2005 dobil status uradnega jezika in je primarni jezik novozelandske skupnosti gluhih, saj ga "govori" približno 0,5% prebivalcev Nove Zelandije. Tesno je povezan z britanskim znakovnim jezikom in avstralskim znakovnim jezikom, saj si z njimi deli 80% znakov in isto dvoročno ročno abecedo. Vendar ima NZSL večji poudarek na izrazih obraza in ustnih besedah, ki odražajo ustne metode poučevanja, ki so se v preteklosti uporabljale v šolah za gluhe (pred 1979 so bili gluhi učenci kaznovani zaradi podpisa v razredu). Ima tudi dodatne edinstvene znake, povezane z Novo Zelandijo, kot so besede Māori in krajevna imena.

Nova Zelandija je priljubljena destinacija za migrante z vsega sveta, zlasti iz Azije in pacifiških otokov, pogosto pa boste našli območja in predmestja s priseljenskimi skupnostmi, ki govorijo njihove jezike. Najpogostejši neuradni jeziki, ki jih govorijo prebivalci Nove Zelandije, so samoanščina (2,2%), hindujščina (1,7%), mandarinščina (1,3%), francoščina (1,2%) in kantonščina (1,1%). Številni Novozelandci se tujega jezika učijo v šoli, čeprav ga le redko obvladajo nad osnovno stopnjo.

Pogosti izrazi

Na splošno novozelandski angleški izrazi sledijo britanski angleščini. Vendar si je novozelandska angleščina veliko izposodila tudi pri Māoriju in obstajajo številne druge besedne zveze, ki jih drugje pogosto ne srečamo ali pa lahko obiskovalca zmedejo.

• Bach (izgovarja se "serija" kot pri samcu) - Počitniška hiša; pogosto ob plaži in je sestavljen iz dokaj osnovnih nastanitev. Na jugu Južnega otoka pogosto imenujejo a posteljica.

Tipična primestna mlekarna

• Mlekarna - trgovina z mešanim blagom, vogalnica; nekaj tujcev razume, čeprav jih domačini zelo pogosto uporabljajo, ki imajo težave, ko potujejo v tujino, in so presenečeni, ko vprašajo, kje je mlekarna. Izraz izhaja iz časov pred supermarketi, ko so v glavnem prodajali mlečne izdelke (mleko, sir, maslo itd.). Številne mlekarne so danes v lasti in upravljanju indijskih priseljencev.
• Vnos z zlatim (ali srebrnim) kovancem (donacija) - Vstopnina za dogodek, razstavo, galerijo ali muzej je plačilo kovanca v ustrezni kovini, pogosto v škatli za donacije na vratih. Zlati kovanci v Novi Zelandiji so kovanci za 1 in 2 dolarja, srebrni so kovanci za 20c in 50c, kovanci za 10c pa baker. (Glej tudi "Koha" spodaj).
• Glidetime - Prilagodljiv delovni čas, ki ga pogosto opravljajo javni uslužbenci. Po tem sistemu lahko delavci začnejo in končajo delo ob urah, ki jih izberejo 07: 00–18: 00, čeprav morajo delati osnovne ure od 9: 00-12: 00 in 14: 00-15: 30 in povprečno 40 ur tedensko. Zdaj ni tako pogosto slišati.
• Pol pita ali pol pai - Ponavadi delo ali naloga, ki se ne opravljata zadovoljivo (prim. Māori pai = dobro)
• Jandali (= Japonske sandale) - "japonke" za večino sveta; "tangice" Avstralcem; "šlampe" do Južnoafričanov.
• Kivi - Vzdevek za Novozelandca ali pridevnik za novozelandsko ime iz imena ogrožene ptice, ki ne leti, ki je eden od državnih simbolov države. Ni slabšalnega izraza.
• Lollies - slaščice; sladkarije; sladkarije.
• Pottle - (običajno plastična) posoda za hrano, kad.
• Togs - kopalke, kopalke, kopalni kostum; oblačila, ki jih nosite, ko se kopate.
• Poteptanje - pohodništvo.

Žargonski izrazi

Če na Novi Zelandiji uporabljate sleng kivi, boste morda dobili nenavaden videz, vendar ga lahko nenamerno uporabite v pogovoru. Če ne razumete, samo vprašajte in večina Novozelandcev vam bo razložila.

• čez jarek - Avstralija. Jarek se nanaša na Tasmansko morje, ki ločuje Novo Zelandijo in Avstralijo (prim. ribnik med Severno Ameriko in Evropo)
• Barbie - Okrajšava za žar
• Bratec (rima z "sneg") - kratica za brat, oblika osebnega naslova, kot je kolega, kolega, ali brst.
• Bush - Gozd. Običajno pomeni domači gozd v nasprotju s plantažnim gozdom.
• piščanci - dekleta.
• Izbira! - Super, super.
• Gumboots - A.K.A. Čevlji Wellington ali dežni čevlji
• meta - v vrhunskem stanju.
• Mate - katera koli druga oseba, moški ali ženska. Lahko se uporablja samostojno za izražanje številnih različnih čustev glede na dostavo. Kratek 'Mate' v kombinaciji z rahlim dviganjem glave in obrvi je lahko pozdrav, daljši 'Maaaaaate' v kombinaciji z dviganjem glave in zožitvijo oči pa lahko razumemo kot grajo.
• munted - pokvarjen, poškodovan, neuporaben. V široko uporabo je prišel šele po potresu v Christchurchu leta 2011 (ki je v bistvu zasul polovico mesta).
• oi - zdravo. Lahko je mišljeno kot opozorilo ali v šali izhaja iz uporabe punka.
• Sladko kot! - Super, dobro, ni problema. Pogosto okrajšana na "sladko". Kot se včasih uporablja tudi za drugimi pridevniki kot sleng za zelo: poceni kot - zelo poceni.
• Wop-wops - oddaljeno podeželsko območje; sredi ničesar.

Māori besede in izrazi

Poglej tudi: Māori zvezek

• Haere mai - Pozdrav osebi, ki prihaja. Haere ra je slovo od nekoga, ki odhaja.
• Hui - Sestanek ali srečanje za razpravo in razpravljanje o vprašanjih na tradicionalni maorski način.
• Iwi - Pleme ali ljudje Māori, včasih znani kot a waka (kanu), kot so nekateri iwi poimenovani po oceanskih kanujih, ki so svoje prednike pripeljali na Novo Zelandijo.
• Kai - Hrana. Običajno ga uporabljajo tako Maori kot Evropejci.
• Kia ora - Pozdravljeni, dobrodošli, dobesedno dobrega zdravja. Often used as an utterance of agreement, especially during speaking at a hui.
• Koha - A gift or donation. Often an exchange of gifts takes place at gatherings. Sometimes admission signs say, "Entry Koha", meaning gold coin or what you feel like donating.
• Mana - Defined as authority, control, influence, prestige or power. It is also honour.
• Marae - A traditional Māori meeting or gathering place. Also a community centre.
• Pākehā - New Zealander of European descent. Widely used, including by non-Māori, who see the name as part of their unique New Zealand identity. Some New Zealanders however don't like the term and don't refer to themselves as Pākehā.
• Pāua - Abalone to the rest of the English-speaking world.
• Pōwhiri - A Māori ceremonial welcome. Especially to a marae, but now also may take place at the start of a conference or similar large meeting in New Zealand.
• Tangi ali tangihanga – a funeral, especially one conducted to traditional Māori rites. (tangi means to weep or mourn)
• Whānau - A Māori (extended) family. Kinfolk. Used often in advertising to alliterate with friends such as 'friends and whānau'.
• Wharekai (literally food house) is the dining room and/or kitchen on a marae.
• Wharenui (literally big house) is the meeting house on a marae.
• Wharepaku (literally small house) - Toilet; Tāne is the mens', Wāhine is the womens'.

Vstopi

Passports, visas and documentation

Visa policy of New Zealand

Visa restrictions: Entry is refused to holders of travel documents issued by Somalija.

Visa-free entry

Opomba: From 1 October 2019, a New Zealand electronic travel authorisation (NZeTA) is required for all visitors (except for New Zealand and Australian citizens) entering New Zealand on a visa waiver. You will not be able to board your aircraft/ship to New Zealand without an NZeTA.

Foreign nationals of the following countries and territories are eligible for a visa waiver and can stay in New Zealand visa-free as a visitor for up to 3 months: All European Union member states, Andorra, Argentina, Bahrajn, Brazilija, Brunej, Kanada, Čile, Hong Kong SAR (including British National (Overseas) passports), Islandija, Izrael, Japonska, Kuwait, Liechtenstein, Macau, Malezija, Mavricij, Mexico, Monaco, Norveška, Oman, Katar, San Marino, Savdska Arabija, Seychelles, Singapur, Južna Koreja, Švica, Tajvan, Urugvaj, Združeni Arabski Emirati, United States in Vatican City. Nationals from the Združeno kraljestvo (British citizens and other British passport holders who produce evidence of the right to reside permanently in the UK) are eligible for a visa waiver and can stay in New Zealand visa-free as a visitor for up to 6 months. Entry under a visa waiver does ne permit employment or studying in New Zealand.

Citizens and permanent residents of Avstralija are entitled to reside in New Zealand indefinitely under the Trans-Tasman Travel Agreement. Australians entering New Zealand are granted a resident visa on arrival and can study and work in New Zealand without restriction, they may also vote in elections and claim some tax and social security benefits after a stand-down period.

Citizens of the Cook Islands, Tokelau in Niue are New Zealand citizens. However, due to differing immigration laws, citizens of these countries need to present a New Zealand passport when entering and leaving New Zealand.

To enter or transit New Zealand on a visa waiver, foreigners need to complete a New Zealand electronic travel authorisation (NZeTA). This will cost you $9 (via app) or $12 (via website) depending on the application method, and the authorisation is valid for two years. Australian citizens don't need an NZeTA, but permanent residents of Australia who are not citizens do need it.

Most visitors will also need to pay a $35 International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL) at the same time they apply for the NZeTA. Citizens of most Oceanian countries and permanent residents of Australia are exempt.

All these visa waivers, including the one for Australians, can be refused. In particular, potential visitors who have a criminal record or who have been refused entry to or deported from any country should check with Immigration New Zealand if they need to apply for a visa. You may also be refused entry for health reasons, especially if you have tuberculosis (TB) or are likely to inflict large costs on New Zealand's health system during your stay (e.g. you need renal dialysis, hospitalisation or residential care). If you are pregnant and going to be in New Zealand beyond 37 weeks, you may need to prove that you have sufficient funds (NZ$9,000 or more) to cover maternity costs before being allowed to enter.

Visas

Visitors from countries not in the visa-free list or those wishing to stay longer than the maximum visa-free period for their nationality need to apply for an appropriate visa. Check the Immigration New Zealand web page for details.

If you require a visa to enter New Zealand, you might be able to apply for one at a British embassy, high commission or consulate in the country where you legally reside if there is no New Zealand diplomatic post. For example, the British embassies in Belgrade in Tripoli accept New Zealand visa applications. British diplomatic posts charge £50 to process a New Zealand visa application and an extra £70 if Immigration New Zealand requires the visa application to be referred to them. Immigration New Zealand can also decide to charge an additional fee if they correspond with you directly.

If you seeking entry as a visitor and this standard condition is not specifically waived by a visa, you must have a return ticket or evidence of onward travel to even check-in with airlines. If you don't, then you'll have to purchase a ticket before being allowed to check in. You also need to prove you have sufficient funds available for your time in New Zealand – NZ$1,000 per month, or $400 per month if your accommodation is pre-paid (proof of payment is required in the latter case).

For those who need visa and are travelling in a group (having the same travel plans and itinerary), it may be better to apply for the considerably cheaper group visas. While applying for such a visa, apart from individual application forms, a separate group visa application form (only one form for the entire group) should also be submitted.

Refugee applications should be made before arrival since New Zealand has a formal refugee induction programme. Those who turn up in an airport arrival lounge without papers, claiming refugee status, may find themselves in jail awaiting the outcome of legal proceedings.

Customs and quarantine

Opomba: New Zealand strictly enforces biosecurity laws. Visitors should obey all biosecurity rules scrupulously.

New Zealand has very strict biosecurity laws. Being a long way from anywhere else in the world, many pests and diseases that are endemic elsewhere are not present in New Zealand. A significant proportion of the economy is based on agriculture, so importing even small quantities of food, unprocessed animal or plant materials is tightly controlled. These restrictions are designed to prevent the introduction of foreign diseases and pests.

At ports of international entry, both the Ministry of Primary Industries (MPI) and New Zealand Customs Service will inspect passenger baggage and confiscate and fine for any prohibited items. Do not think you can get away with bringing items in surreptitiously by not declaring them; all passengers will be questioned and all baggage will be x-rayed and/or opened as part of standard entry procedures, and random inspections by sniffer-dogs will take place. There are amnesty bins available before the checkpoint to dispose of banned goods. If you unintentionally fail to declare controlled items, you will be given an on-the-spot fine of $400; if you deliberately smuggle in controlled items, you can be fined up to $100,000 and/or be jailed for up to 5 years. You can also be deported and banned from New Zealand.

The best advice is to declare any item you think may cause problems — biosecurity control border staff may confiscate and destroy the item, but you will not have to pay a fine (or be deported). Even if you haven't declared an item on your arrival card, you can still advise staff when you get to the border check of any item without incurring a fine.

Items that must be declared include:

• any kind of food, regardless of whether it's cooked, uncooked, fresh, preserved, packaged or dried.
• any animal product, material or biological specimen
• any plants or plant material
• any animals
• any equipment used with animals, plants or water (e.g. gardening, beekeeping, fishing, water sport, diving)
• any items that have been used for outdoor or farming activities, such as footwear, tents, camping, hunting, hiking, golf and sports equipment.

All food must be declared to customs, even if the food items are permitted. Commercially-packaged or processed food is usually allowed through by MPI, but you can still be fined if you do not declare them. Take care with any items of food that you have obtained during your travel; many people have been caught and fined for not declaring fruit they were given as part of an in-flight meal. If you are unsure it is best to declare any questionable items as the immigration officers will be able to tell you if it needs to be cleaned or disposed of before entry. Some items may be allowable such as wooden souvenirs but be taken for sterilisation or fumigation before being released to you. You may be charged a fee for this.

Anti-money laundering and countering finance of terrorism (AML/CFT) laws requires you to make a declaration to customs if you are bringing NZ$10,000 or more, or its equivalent in foreign currency, in or out of the country. There are no restrictions on the amount of money that may be brought into or out of New Zealand provided the money is properly declared. Failure to declare could lead to arrest and a possible seizure of the cash.

In addition, importation or possession of most recreational drugs, including cannabis, is illegal and results in arrest. If found guilty, you would be subject to a range of penalties from hefty fines for minor offences to lengthy imprisonment, even life imprisonment, for larger offences.

By plane

Air New Zealand aircraft at AKL

New Zealand is a long way from any other country, so nearly all travellers get there by plane. Flight time from the Australian east coast is 3–4 hours, Southeast Asia 10–11 hours, the North American west coast 13–15 hours, and the Middle East a thrombosis-causing 17–18 hours. Travelling by plane from European destinations takes 24–26 hours, and involves at least one stopover in either Asia or the Americas.

Auckland (AKL ^IATA) is the primary entry point, and the main hub for flag carrier Air New Zealand. More than 20 airlines connect Auckland Airport with more than 35 destinations in Australia and the South Pacific, eastern Asia, North America, Santiago (Chile), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Dubai and Doha.

Christchurch International Airport (CHC ^IATA) is the main secondary entry point, with flights to and from eastern Australia, Fiji, Singapore, Dubai (via Sydney) and Guangzhou, and seasonal services to and from Hong Kong, Perth and Taipei (via Melbourne). Smaller international airports at Wellington, Dunedin in Queenstown primarily offer services to and from eastern Australia. If you fly through Australia, make sure you have a transit visa if you need one. You won't be able to get on your flight otherwise.

	COVID-19 informacije: As of 29 July 2020, many flights are not operating due to the Pandemija covida-19, but flights to Auckland are being operated by Air New Zealand from Brisbane, Sydney, Los Angeles and Singapore; by China Eastern from Shanghai; by Emirates from Dubai; and by Singapore Airlines from Singapore (to Christchurch as well as Auckland).
	(Information last updated 29 Jul 2020)

By boat

A small percentage (1.5%) of passengers enter New Zealand via boat. Cruise ships regularly visit New Zealand between October and April. Most of these depart from Sydney, Melbourne or Brisbane in Australia, taking three nights crossing the Tasman Sea to reach New Zealand.

Obiti

Z avtobusom

Buses are a relatively cheap and environmentally friendly way to get around New Zealand. Services are usually only once a day, even between major towns. Most roads in New Zealand are quite narrow and winding (when compared to the highways of the USA), and travelling a long distance in a bus can be a safe and relaxing way to travel compared with driving yourself. Booking in advance can get you great bargains on some lines.

• Flying Kiwi Adventures. Trips range from 3 to 27 days and cover both main islands. The tours focus on enjoying outdoor beauty and excitement with numerous hiking, cycling and activity options. There are also options to take extended breaks in your favourite places. Discounts are available for holders of YHA, VIP, ISIC and NOMADs cards. 

Double decker bus of the InterCity company

• InterCity. New Zealand’s national coach company, with services connecting over 600 destinations nationwide. InterCity Group has voluntarily adopted European Emission standards across its fleet of modern coaches. Operates the InterCity and Newmans lines, and a fleet of modern vessels and coaches for GreatSights New Zealand, Fullers GreatSights Bay of Islands in awesomeNZ. Tickets can be purchased from the InterCity ticket counters at bus stations or i-SITE information centres and a discount is given to students or youth-hostel membership card holders (e.g. BBH, YHA, Nomads, ISIC). Fares start from $1 (plus a booking fee) on all InterCity’s national services and they’ve even been known to give away free seats at various times of the year. A limited number of heavily discounted “Cheap-as-Seats” for travel that week are released via the company’s Facebook and Twitter feeds every Monday. Online fares are often sold at a cheaper rate. (posodobljeno februarja 2019)

• Travelpass. A pass offered by InterCity that brings together an extensive range of “hop on and off” fixed itinerary passes, based on the most popular touring routes throughout New Zealand. National passes include the Interislander ferry and a scenic boat cruise in Milford Sound. Passes are valid for 1 year.

• Flexi-Pass. Utilising the combined national networks of InterCity, Newmans and GreatSights, Flexi-Pass is sold in blocks of time, just like a prepaid phone card, and enables the holder to travel anywhere on the company’s network. Passes start at 15 hr, which is enough to travel from Auckland to Wellington in the North Island. Flexi-Pass hours can also be used to travel on the Interislander ferry in naprej Fullers GreatSights Bay of Islands Dolphin Watching cruises and tours to Cape Brett and the famous "Hole in the Rock". Passes can also be sold on to third parties and are valid for 1 year.

• Atomic Shuttles operate a no-frills shuttle service in parts of the South Island.
• West Coast Shuttle. Daily transport from Greymouth to Christchurch (via Arthur's Pass) and return at more affordable prices than some of the larger firms.
• Backpacker buses - KiwiExperience Backpacker Bus in Stray Travel Bus offer bus trips around New Zealand where you can get on and off as you please after purchasing a pass.
• Skip Bus operates express bus services across major cities in the North Island, like Auckland, Whangarei, Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, Wellington.
• Naked Bus and Mana Bus ceased operation in July 2018.

By plane

Domestic flights in New Zealand can be expensive; some domestic flights can cost as much as a flight to Australia. However, flying often works out cheaper than driving or taking a train, especially when crossing between the North and South Islands.

Airlines operate an electronic ticket system. You can book on-line, by telephone, or through a travel agent. Photo ID will be needed for travel.

Check-in times are usually at least 30 minutes prior to flight departure, or 60 minutes if you're connecting to an international flight. Cabin baggage and personal scanning are routinely conducted for services from the major airports that have jet landings.

• Air New Zealand, ☏ 64 9 357 3000, brez cestnin: 0800 737 000. Has the most extensive domestic network, serving most cities over 20,000 people, with jet services between main centres and smaller turboprop aircraft elsewhere. Free baggage allowance is 1 piece of baggage weighing 23 kg on Grabaseat Bag, Saver and Flexi fares; standard Grabaseat fares don't include checked baggage. All fares include 7 kg carry-on baggage. (posodobljeno januar 2020)
• Jetstar is a budget no-frills carrier that flies to Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Queenstown in Wellington. Don't be late for check-in – they are very strict about check-in close times.

Auckland, Christchurch, Queenstown and Wellington airports have timetabled buses to the airport. Regional airports generally have only on-demand shuttle services and taxis.

By motor vehicle

Watch out for kiwis!

Main article: Driving in New Zealand

You can reach most of New Zealand's sights in a two-wheel-drive car, motorcycle or even a small camper van. While public transport is usable in the cities of Auckland and Wellington, a car is almost essential to get around anywhere else.

Traffic drives on the left in New Zealand. The State Highway network connects major cities and destinations within the two main islands, and are indicated by a number inside a red shield. Motorways and expressways are generally only found near major cities, with most intercity driving done on undivided highways with one lane in each direction and limited overtaking opportunities. Be prepared to get caught behind slow-moving vehicles, and expect drivers behind you to become impatient if you drive slowly without a reason. If you are driving slowly and traffic builds up behind you, find a safe place to pull over and let them pass.

You can legally drive for up to 12 months if you are at least 18 years old and have a current full driving licence from your home country. It must be in English or you must have an approved English translation such as an International Driving Permit (IDP) to accompany it. You must carry your licence at all times when driving. All drivers and passengers must wear a seat belt, and children must be seated in an approved child restraint until their 7th birthday. Talking or using a mobile phone while driving is illegal.

Speed limits are generally 50 km/h in urban areas, and 100 km/h in rural areas and on motorways. A select few motorways and expressways have 110 km/h limits. Heavy vehicles and towing vehicles have a blanket maximum limit of 90 km/h. Being caught 40 km/h or more over the posted limit will result in a 28-day roadside suspension and most likely an appearance in court on dangerous driving charges.

The blood alcohol limit in New Zealand is 0.05% (0.00% if aged under 20). Checkpoints for breath screening tests are common, where a police officer will randomly pick a vehicle driver to undergo the test; refusing it will usually result in arrest. Being caught more than 0.03% over the limit will result in an appearance in court, which will result in at least 6 months disqualification from driving and a hefty fine.

Some petrol stations in major towns and cities are open 24 hours, with most other manned petrol stations closing by 10PM. There are 24-hour unmanned petrol stations around the country, which accept national and international debit/credit cards with a PIN; very rarely do these sites accept cash. Petrol prices vary by region: $1.90-2.15/L for regular unleaded petrol, and $1.30-1.45/L for diesel as of February 2019 (unlike petrol, diesel is not taxed at the pump and therefore the price is lower).

Electric vehicles make up around 0.25% of the vehicle fleet (as of September 2018), and there is a rapidly expanding network of fast charging stations across the country.

Campervan

Poglej tudi: Renting a motorhome in New Zealand

Cheaper type of campervan, a converted regular van offered by Hippie Campers

A campervan/motorhome provides considerable freedom and allows you to set your own schedule for travel around New Zealand by combining accommodation and transport. These practical vehicles are often equipped with two or more beds, a kitchenette, a shower and a toilet. They are generally suited for 2-6 people depending on the size.

Motorhome/campervan rentals are available in both the North Island and South Island. Some rental companies offer one way rentals so you can start and finish your travel in different locations. A minimum rental period is generally 5 days but can be up to 10 days during the peak season (especially Christmas/New Year).

Motorcycle

New Zealand is a motorbike rider's dream country! Rentals of many makes of motorcycles are available throughout New Zealand. The South Island is the main attraction for a motorcyclist and motorcycle tours base most of their time here. Remember to bring your full motorcycle licence from your home country; a standard car licence is not suffice to ride a motorcycle in New Zealand.

Rental

Car rental firms range from the familiar multi-national big brands through to small local car rental firms. The advantage of the big name rental firms is they can be found throughout New Zealand and offer the biggest and newest range of rental vehicles. The disadvantage is that generally they are the most expensive. Occasionally rental firms offer free rental in the direction from south to north due to the majority of tourists travelling in the opposite direction, creating a deficit of cars in the north.

At the other end of the scale are the small local operators who typically have older rental cars. Whilst you may not end up driving this year's latest model the advantage is that the smaller car rental firms can be substantially cheaper, so leaving you more money to spend on the many exciting attractions New Zealand offers. Between these extremes you will find a wide range of NZ car rental firms catering to different needs and budgets.

Other things to note are that most car hire firms require you to be 21 or over, hold a full licence and it will help if you have an international licence too. New Zealand rental vehicles may come with either a manual (stick-shift) or an automatic transmission; if you can't drive a manual, make sure to specify an automatic transmission vehicle in advance. If you have a licence from a non-English speaking country, you will be required to have an official translation of that document to rent a vehicle. If you don’t have one at the counter, some companies are able to refer you to a service at a cost of about $80 and a delay of 1 to 2 hours.

Some rental car companies do not allow their vehicles on the Cook Strait ferries between the North and South Island, or only allow them on if you promise to return them back to their originating island. If you do return a rental car on the wrong island, expect to be charged upwards of $500 to repatriate the vehicle. Most rental car companies will allow you to drop off a car at one terminal, travel on the ferry and pick up another car at the other terminal at no extra cost.

Self-drive holidays are a great way to travel around New Zealand as they offer independence, flexibility and opportunities to interact with the locals. A number of companies offer inclusive self-drive holidays with rental car & accommodation, pre-set itineraries or customised to suit your interests.

Purchase and sale

Main article: Buying or renting a vehicle in New Zealand

Car dealerships in Auckland

If you want to have an extended holiday in New Zealand and you would prefer to have your own transport, it may be cheaper to buy a car or van and resell it just before leaving. If you use this method, travel across Cook Strait can be expensive. If purchasing a car for $500 or less it may be cheaper to buy and sell a car in each island separately. However, if you buy your car in Christchurch, tour the South island and then travel North to sell in Auckland, you can take advantage of the buyers market in Christchurch and the sellers market in Auckland and possibly even make a small profit. In addition to the usual ways to look for a car (newspapers, accommodation noticeboards, car markets etc.) New Zealand's biggest on-line auction website Trademe have many listings. You can also try the backpackers car market where there are usually people selling their cars off cheaply. Car auctions can also be a suitable option if you are looking to buy a car. Turner's Auctions have regular auctions and are based in many cities. Look out for "Repo" auctions, where the cars being sold are as a result of repossession. Should any previous ownership problems have existed, these will have been resolved before auction commences.

When you buy and sell a vehicle, you need to notify the New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA) and (if you are buying) pay the appropriate fee. It is very important to notify the NZTA if you are selling since this limits your liability for any subsequent costs (overdue licence fees, speed camera tickets, etc.). Other obligations as a vehicle owner include paying the licence fees ("rego") and having a current Warrant of Fitness (WoF). Diesel vehicles owners also have to pay Road User Charges (RUC) since diesel is not taxed at the pump. Third party insurance to cover your liability in an accident is not mandatory but is highly recommended. The Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) automatically covers you for personal injuries in car accidents (see Ostani zdrav below for more information).

Z vlakom

Main article: Rail travel in New Zealand

Both Auckland and Wellington have commuter rail services. Auckland's network is managed by Auckland Transport, and has four lines spreading from Britomart station in the city centre to Swanson in the west, Onehunga in the southwest, Papakura and Pukekohe in the south, and Manukau in the south-east; there is no rail to the North Shore or to eastern Auckland. Wellington's network is managed by Metlink, and has four lines spreading north from Wellington station serving Wellington's northern suburbs, Porirua, the Kapiti Coast (as far north as Waikanae), Lower Hutt in Upper Hutt. A fifth service, the Wairarapa Connection, travels several times daily to Masterton v Wairarapa via Upper Hutt and the 8.8 km Rimutaka Tunnel.

Long distance passenger-rail services are slow and limited in New Zealand, and are largely used for tourism purposes rather than as actual practical travel options, with the bulk of New Zealand's rail traffic being used for freight transport.

Inter-city passenger services are operated by KiwiRail Scenic Journeys, with just a few popular tourist services that pass through spectacular scenery and have a running commentary, panoramic windows and an open-air viewing carriage.

• Northern Explorer (replaced the Overlander) – a modern train that now operates 3 days a week all year. It heads south from Auckland to Wellington on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays and in the opposite direction on Tuesdays, Fridays and Sundays. This is reckoned by many to be one of the world's most scenic rail journeys.
• Capital Connection – commuter service leaves from Palmerston North to Wellington in the morning, returning in the evening.
• Coastal Pacific – from Christchurch to Picton (via Kaikoura) and return daily. Travels along the rugged north-east coast of the South Island with terrific sea views. Meets the Picton–Wellington ferry. Oct–Apr only.
• TranzAlpine – from Christchurch to Greymouth and return daily. Classed as one of the world's great train journeys, this trip crosses the South Island, passing through spectacular mountain scenery, some of which is inaccessible by road, and the 8.5 km Otira Tunnel. Many visitors disembark at Arthur's Pass National Park and spend four hours exploring the mountains before catching the return train.

The online booking site maximises overseas revenue by only showing the cheapest fares when it detects that you are accessing it from a New Zealand IP address. You may be able to get these cheaper fares if you wait until you arrive or book by phone. Seating on the Capital Connection is on a first-come-first-served basis and cannot be booked in advance.

Trains run at low speed, no faster than 110 km/h and can drop to 50 km/h in the summer due to the lack of track maintenance following privatisation in the 1990s. Most New Zealanders prefer to drive or fly long distances, as train fares are comparatively expensive. However, if time is not an issue, going through New Zealand by train is well worth the price-tag as you get breathtaking views you wouldn't get from a car and can wander around the train while someone else does all the driving - benefits no other mode of transportation offers.

All long distance trains have a dining car and you can pre-order your food and have a look at the menu online.

By taxi

Uber and Ola are available in major cities.

• Uber
• Ola Cabs
• Zoomy

By ferry

Between the North and South Islands

Interislander's Kaitaki is one of five ferries (and the largest) plying the Wellington-Picton route between the country's two main islands.

Main article: Cook Strait ferries

There are two passenger and car ferry operators which cross Cook Strait between Wellington in the North Island and Picton in the South Island. The journey lasts 3.5 hours and there are several sailings daily. It is a spectacular and scenic trip through Wellington Harbour, Cook Strait and the Marlborough Sounds. However, the weather and seas in Cook Strait are frequently rough and unpredictable; sailings can be delayed or cancelled due to stormy weather, while others can quickly turn from a Mediterranean cruise into a spew-fest. Make sure you pack essentials for every possible weather situation in your carry-on luggage; you can't return to your car once the ferry has left port.

The ferry terminal at Picton is close to the railway station, and the Coastal Pacific train connects with Interislander sailings.

It is essential to book vehicle crossings in advance. The busiest period is from late December to February. Foot passenger traffic is also heavy at this time, and it is advisable to book well in advance.

Check with your rental car company whether you can take your vehicle on the Cook Strait ferry: some do not allow their vehicles on the ferries but will happily allow you to drop off a car at one ferry terminal and pick up another car at the other terminal at no extra cost.

• Interislander, ☏ 64 4 498-3302, brez cestnin: 0800 802 802. Contact centre M–F 08:00–20:00, Sa–Su 08:00–18:00. Operates three ships: Aratere, Kaiarahi in Kaitaki. 
• Bluebridge (Strait Shipping), ☏ 64 4 471-6188, brez cestnin: 0800 844 844. Contact centre 08:00-20:00 daily.. Operates two ships: Straitsman in Strait Feronia 

Other ferries

Harbour ferries, for commuters, operate in Auckland and Wellington. A number of communities are served by boat, rather than road, while charter boats are available for expeditions in several places. There are regular sightseeing cruises in several tourist destinations, particularly in the Southern Lakes and Fiordland area.

By bicycle

You can bring your own bike or hire one in some of the larger cities. By law, you must wear a helmet while riding, otherwise you may be issued an on-the-spot penalty. When hiring a bike you should be supplied with a helmet. Remember to ride on the left. You cannot ride on motorways in New Zealand - be aware that the Auckland Harbour Bridge between downtown Auckland and the North Shore is a motorway and there is no separate cycle path (yet), so you'll have to take a ferry or cycle around the harbour.

Cycling in New Zealand can be fun, but be aware that because of the geography and small number of people cycling between towns there are very few cycle lanes and limited shoulder space on roads. Beware of buses and trucks on main highways as many drivers will not give you sufficient overtaking clearance; proportionately, five times as many cyclists are injured and killed on New Zealand roads as in the Netherlands or Singapore! You should also be prepared for the large distances between towns and cities and the generally windy weather. While some areas of New Zealand are flat, most tourists cycling in New Zealand will find that they need to be able to cope with long periods of cycling up hills, especially in the Coromandel. Be prepared for any weather and for all seasons in one day.

You can choose to get a bike on arrival in New Zealand, or use a self-guided or guided cycle tour operator. Christchurch had the largest number of guided and self-guided tour operators and there are a number of bike rental companies based there also.

A network of cycle trails is being built around New Zealand, using a combination of off-road cycleways and low-traffic roads. There are some safe and beautiful routes already constructed: NZ Cycle Trail.

By thumb

Hitchhiking around New Zealand is quite good everywhere. It's illegal to hitchhike on the few motorways (except on the on-ramps) and illegal for motorists to stop there to pick you up. Try to get out of the middle of town, especially where public transport operates. Wear your pack and look like you're touring the country rather than just being a local looking for a lift, but above all else pick a place that's safe for vehicles to stop and don't forget to smile. You have as much chance of being picked up by another tourist as a local, particularly in tourist areas.

Rideshare and carpooling is increasing in New Zealand as fuel prices rise and people recognise the social and environmental benefit of sharing vehicles and travelling with others. While some systems are quite informal, others have trust systems which give greater security when choosing a ride.

• Jayride. A New Zealand ridesharing and hitch hiking website. Their focus is providing a variety of ride options, for flexibility and cost savings.

Glej

Mountains, lakes and glaciers

Milford Sound

It can be said that in New Zealand it's the countryside that's magnificent, and perhaps no more so than the Southern Alps of the South Island. In the Mackenzie Country, the snow-capped jagged peaks rising above turquoise lakes have provided the inspiration for many a postcard. Tucked in behind is the country's highest peak, Aoraki Mount Cook (3724 m). The lakes and mountains continue south, becoming a stunning backdrop for the towns of Wanaka, Queenstown in Glenorchy.

Another region where mountain meets water with striking effect is Fiordland National Park where steep, densely forested mountains rise from the sea. The most accessible, and perhaps one of the most beautiful, spots is Milford Sound. The road in is spectacular and the view even more so when you arrive.

Glaciers may not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of an island in the South Pacific, but New Zealand has several. The most notable are the Fox and Franz Josef glaciers in Westland National Park. These glaciers are unique in how close they get to sea level and are sustained by the enormous amount of precipitation that falls on New Zealand's west coast.

New Zealand's sceneries have featured famously in the Lord of the Rings film series, and many natural and artificial settings on the island can be visited.

Volcanoes and geysers

Hot pool in Rotorua

New Zealand is a geological hotspot and has many dormant and active volcanoes, geysers and hot springs. The best place to start is Rotorua, where the smell of sulphur lets you know you're close to the action. The surrounding countryside has many parks with geysers and hot springs, and Mount Tarawera, the site of one of New Zealand's more famous eruptions, lies a short drive away.

South of Rotorua is the town of Taupo, on the shores of the country's largest lake, which was formed in a massive volcanic explosion 26,500 years ago, and expanded by an equally massive explosion 1800 years ago (it reputedly turned skies over China and Rome red). Beyond Lake Taupo is Tongariro National Park, dominated by its three volcanoes, Tongariro, Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu. All three mountains are still active (Tongariro last erupted in 2012) and Ruapehu has a crater lake that can be viewed with a bit of hiking. Ngauruhoe is famous for filling in as Mt. Doom in the Lord of the Rings trilogy.

Northeast of Rotorua is Whakatane, with tours to White Island, a volcanic island not far off the coast. The island is truly a different world with its smoke plume, green crater lake and the pohutukawa trees clinging to a fragile existence on the volcanic rock.

Dormant and extinct volcanoes help define the landscape in many other regions, including Taranaki and three of the largest cities (Auckland, Christchurch in Dunedin). North of Taupo and at Kawerau, New Zealand's geothermal resources are put to use generating electricity, supplying around 17.5% of the country's electricity demand. Hot springs are sprinkled across the country, and are often popular bathing spots.

Flora and fauna

Lupins growing on Lake Ohau near the Southern Alps on the South Island. Although beautiful, these plants are actually an invasive species that are pushing out native plants and birds.

Because New Zealand is so remote from the rest of the world, and has been for millions of years, its plants and animals are unique and distinctive. New Zealand's wildlife evolved in isolation, in absence of land mammals (apart from three species of bat), and the roles of mammals were taken by reptiles, giant insects, and flightless birds (most notably the giant extinct moa, whose 3 m tall skeletons can be seen in museums).

New Zealand's forests are mostly cool-temperate rain forest, resembling tropical jungle with vines, tree ferns, and a thick understorey. The most impressive native trees is the kauri, one of the largest tree species in the world. Heavily logged in the 19th and early 20th century, few of these giants are left (a result of over-logging), but a visit to the Waipoua Forest v Northland will afford a glimpse. New Zealand has a large number of ferns for a temperate country, including the silver fern, the national "flower".

The beaches of the South Island, particularly The Catlins in Otago Peninsula, are good places to see marine animals such as penguins, seals in sea lions in their natural habitat. The Otago Peninsula is also noted for its albatross colony.

Unfortunately, over-hunting from the time humans first arrived, has meant many of New Zealand's unique animals are now endangered and can only really be seen in captivity or in mammal-free nature reserves. This includes the kiwi, the country's national bird; this flightless nocturnal chicken-sized bird is unique in having nostrils at the tip of its beak and laying the largest egg in the world relative to its body size. Other unique (yet endangered) wildlife includes the flightless takahē, the kākāpō (made famous internationally after the "shagged by a rare parrot" incident), and the tuatara (a lizard-like reptile, last survivor of a branch of the reptilian family tree dating back to the dinosaurs). One non-native pest is the brush-tailed possum, which was imported from Australia for its silky fur, which is used to make warm, lightweight knitted goods.

New Zealand's National Parks are maintained by the Department of Conservation (DOC) and various local governments. Access is free, but may be restricted in some parks during some parts of the year due to weather (e.g.: avalanche risk) or farming needs (e.g.: lambing season). It's best to check with local tourist information centres for up to date information before venturing into the wilderness, even for a day hike.

Eradication and management of non-native animals is common but sometimes contentious in New Zealand. Visitors from overseas may be surprised by the lack of affection New Zealanders hold for what would be cuddly bunnies or fluffy possums in other countries. Much pest management is through poisonous baits, notably sodium fluoroacetate or "1080". These are delivered through ground bait stations or, more cost effectively (though controversially), by helicopter drops. Department of Conservation in OSPRI/TBfree NZ provide regularly-updated pesticide summaries that include warnings, maps of the areas affected, and which poisons have been used.

Urban fare

While the countryside is the main attraction of New Zealand, it's worthwhile to spend some time in the cities. Auckland je prijetno mesto s svojimi obmorskimi okrožji, kot so pristanišče Viadukt in zaliv Mission, stari vulkani (Mt Eden in One Tree Hill), peščica muzejev in Sky Tower, najvišja samostojna stavba na južni polobli. Bolj zanimivo arhitekturo in lep muzej Te Papa najdete v Wellington, glavno mesto. Napier je vredno ustaviti, če imate čas, za Art Deco CBD in Christchurch je zanimiv zaradi angleškega značaja in obnove mesta po potresu leta 2011. Dunedin ima škotski značaj z nekaj lepimi stavbami iz devetnajstega stoletja.

Ali

Na prostem in pustolovščina

Aktivnosti na prostem in pustolovščine vključujejo:

• Bungy Jump Queenstown, Auckland, Taupo - sodobni bungy jump je tukaj izumil Novozelandec A.J. Hackett.
• Vožnja s kanuji in kajaki po rekah in jezerih - Morski kajak Morski rezervat Abel Tasman in hladnejših vodah Milford Sound
• Jamarstvo - Waitomo, Nelson, Zahodna obala Južnega otoka, Te Anau
• Potapljanje
• Ribolov - tako sladkovodni (nekateri najboljši ribolov postrvi na svetu) kot tudi lov na divjad (nekateri najboljši športni ribolov na morju, morski psi, morski psi, tuna, morski pes in številne druge morske vrste)
• Pohodništvo - Nova Zelandija ima številne nacionalne parke in druge divjine ter gozdnata območja, ki jih večinoma upravlja Konservatorski oddelek (DoC). Dejavnost, ki je v drugih državah poznana kot pohodništvo, pohodništvo ali hoja po grmovju, je znana kot poteptanje na Novi Zelandiji in je zelo priljubljena dejavnost za obiskovalce in domačine.
• Baloni z vročim zrakom
• Vodni čoln - Hamiltonov curek je na Novi Zelandiji leta 1954 izumil Bill Hamilton, posebej za premagovanje plitvih pletenih rek države.
• gorsko kolesarjenje
• Terenska vožnja
• Rafting
• Jadranje - Nova Zelandija je izdelala veliko jadrnic svetovnih prvakov in je edina država razen ZDA, ki je zmagala in uspešno ubranila končno nagrado za jahte, America's Cup.
• Smučanje in deskanje na snegu - Queenstown-Wanaka območje je vodilna smučarska destinacija na Novi Zelandiji, na katero v lovu na večno zimo prihaja veliko vrhunskih mednarodnih smučarjev in deskarjev na snegu. Druga javna smučišča obstajajo v vznožju Canterburyja in na gori Ruapehu na severnem otoku.
• Padalstvo
• Deskanje
• Opazovanje kitov Kaikoura
• Jadranje na deski in kajtanje
• Ziplining

Šport

All Blacks pred tekmo v ragbiju proti Franciji izvedejo hako

Rugby union navdihuje več strasti kot religije, novozelandska reprezentanca pa je mogočna Vsi črnci, katere tresoča se odprtina haka so verjetno bolj znani kot kateri koli drugi vidiki Nove Zelandije. All Blacks so trikrat (1987, 2011, 2015) zmagali v svetovnem pokalu v ragbiju, izenačeni z Južno Afriko za največ zmag. Imajo tudi zmagovalni rekord proti vsaki drugi ekipi, ki so jo igrali; v profesionalni dobi (od 1995 dalje) so le Avstralija, Južna Afrika, Anglija, Francija in Irska zmagale več kot eno tekmo proti All Blacks. Nova Zelandija je najbolj grozljiva nacionalna stran v ragbi športu, igranje proti njim, kaj šele premagovanje, je uresničitev sanj za igralce ragbija z vsega sveta.

All Blacks običajno igrajo doma pozimi na južni polobli (od junija do avgusta), predvsem v Prvenstvo v ragbiju proti Argentini, Avstraliji in Južni Afriki. V nasprotju s številnimi drugimi reprezentancami All Blacks nimajo niti enega domačega stadiona; testne tekme krožijo med stadioni v glavnih središčih, vključno z Eden Parkom v Ljubljani Auckland, Stadion Westpac ("The Cake Tin") v Ljubljani Wellington, Stadion AMI v Ljubljani Christchurch, Stadion Waikato v Ljubljani Hamiltonin stadion Forsyth Barr v Ljubljani Dunedin.

Super Rugby je tekmovanje med klubi iz Avstralije, Nove Zelandije, Južne Afrike, Argentine in Japonske, pri čemer ima 5 od 15 strani sedež na Novi Zelandiji. Tekmovalci Nove Zelandije se navadno dobro odrežejo in so v finalu zmagali več kot ekipe iz katere koli druge države. Ženski ragbi je bil do sredine leta 2010 dokaj nepomemben, vendar sta se od takrat zanimanje in udeležba eksponentno povečala. Ženska reprezentanca je znana pod imenom Črne praproti, njihov rekord pa osramoti All Blackse - osvojile so šest svetovnih pokalov, le Anglija pa je zmagala več kot eno tekmo proti njim!

Zmaga All Blacks ves čas postane precej ponavljajoča se in dolgočasna, zato Novozelandci uživajo tudi v številnih drugih športnih športih. Drugi priljubljeni ekipni športi na Novi Zelandiji vključujejo kriket, rugby liga, nogomet (npr. nogometni nogomet ali nogomet), netball (različica košarke, priljubljena v državah Commonwealtha, ki jo igrajo skoraj izključno ženske), in vedno bolj košarka (tretje za le netball in ragbi zvezo glede na udeležence srednje šole). Na olimpijskih odrih so med najboljšimi športi Nove Zelandije veslanje, jadranje, kajakaštvo, kolesarjenje na progi, in atletika (atletika) dogodki na srednje razdalje in metanje.

Nova Zelandija ima več kot 400 registriranih golf tečaji, od lokalnih klubov do mednarodno znanih letovišč, ki ponujajo nenatrpan golf in vrhunsko pokrajino.

Nakup

Denar

Valuta, ki se uporablja na Novi Zelandiji, je Novozelandski dolar, označena s simbolom "$"ali"NZ $"(Koda ISO: NZD). Razdeljen je na 100 centov. V tem priročniku simbol "$" označuje novozelandske dolarje, če ni drugače navedeno.

Novozelandski dolar je prosto plavajoč, vendar so devizni tečaji na splošno stabilni, razen na večjih spremembah na mednarodnem trgu. Plačil v tujih valutah ni mogoče zlahka sprejeti. Nekateri hoteli in trgovine na turističnih žariščih lahko sprejemajo tuje bankovce, vendar pričakujejo, da bo menjalni tečaj slab (npr. Avstralski dolarji bodo sprejeti v razmerju 1: 1). Ker je novozelandski dolar ena izmed valut, s katerimi se najbolj trguje na svetu (od aprila 2016 na 10. mestu), je na voljo v bankah in menjalnikih po vsem svetu.

Kovanci so na voljo v 10 ¢ (baker), 20 small (majhno srebro), 50 ¢ (veliko srebro), 1 dolar (majhno zlato) in 2 dolarja (veliko zlato). Na vseh kovancih je na glavah kraljica Elizabeta II. Leta 2006 je Nova Zelandija postopoma odpravila kovanec 5 ¢ in kovance 10, 20 in 50 replaced zamenjala z manjšimi različicami. Pred spremembo so bili kovanci za 5 ¢, 10 ¢ in 20 ¢ enaki avstralskim kolegom, razen za različne „repove“, kar pomeni, da je bilo avstralske kovance običajno videti v novozelandskem obtoku in obratno. Ker ni kovancev, manjših od 10 ¢, se gotovinske transakcije zaokrožijo na najbližjih 10 ¢ (5 ¢ lahko zaokroži v obe smeri, vendar večina podjetij zaokroži navzdol).

V obliki bankovcev je 5 USD (oranžna), 10 USD (modra), 20 USD (zelena), 50 USD (vijolična) in 100 USD (rdeča). Vse note v obtoku so natisnjene na polimeru, na sprednji strani je opazen Novozelandec (razen bankovca za 20 dolarjev, na katerem je kraljica Elizabeta II), na zadnji strani pa je domača novozelandska ptica. V obtoku sta dve seriji bankovcev, serija 1999 (majhno prozorno okno) in serija 2015-16 (veliko prozorno okno).

Bančništvo

Naprava EFTPOS z nalepko "brez kreditne kartice" - sprejemala bi lahko samo EFTPOS in domače debetne kartice

Novozelandci so med najvišjimi uporabniki elektronskih bančnih storitev na svetu. Skoraj vse trgovine imajo Eftpos terminali za debetne in kreditne kartice, zato je večino nakupov mogoče opraviti v elektronski obliki.

Eftpos terminali so razdeljeni na dve vrsti: tisti, ki sprejemajo samo domače kartice, in tisti, ki sprejemajo domače in mednarodne kartice.

Običajno lahko prepoznate terminale, ki sprejemajo samo domače kartice, po nalepki "brez kreditne kartice", nameščeni nad terminalom. Vzeli bodo samo domače debetne kartice in kartice Eftpos. Kreditnih in mednarodnih debetnih kartic ne sprejemamo. Te vrste boste našli pri manjših prodajalcih, kot so mlekarne, restavracije in kavarne, ki ne strežejo alkohola.

Terminali brez nalepke poleg kartic Eftpos sprejemajo mednarodne in domače debetne in kreditne kartice. Kar zadeva vrste sprejetih kart, sta MasterCard in Visa univerzalni. American Express je na voljo v večini velikih trgovin, Diners Club manj. Teoretično lahko kartico Discover uporabite povsod, kjer vidite oznako sprejema Diners Club International; vendar tega skoraj noben trgovec ne bo vedel, tako da, če imate čip in kartico PIN, je vredno, da jo vtaknete v terminal in poskusite. Kartice UnionPay sprejemajo izbrani trgovci.

Nova Zelandija je uporabnik skoraj univerzalnega sistema kartic chip-and-PIN, ki uporablja elektronski čip na kartici in osebno identifikacijsko številko imetnika (PIN) za preverjanje transakcije. Večina trgovcev sprejema tudi način poteze in podpisa. Če uporabljate kartico brez vdelanega čipa in vas terminal zahteva, da vnesete kodo PIN, samo pritisnite tipko "Enter" in vaša transakcija mora biti odobrena. Po podpisu natisnjenega potrdila boste morda morali predložiti fotografijo. Avtomatizirani stroji, kot so tisti na črpalkah za gorivo brez nadzora, morda ne bodo sprejemali kartic brez kode PIN.

Brezkontaktno plačevanje, ki je na Novi Zelandiji znano kot "Paywave", je na voljo v večini krajev, ki sprejemajo kreditne kartice. PIN za nakupe, mlajše od 80 USD (začasno dvignjen na 200 USD med pandemijo COVID-19) ni potreben.

Pridobivanje gotovine

Velika večina trgovin še vedno sprejema gotovino. Številni Novozelandci nimajo velike količine gotovine, kar je tveganje in moteče v primerjavi z uporabo kartice Eftpos. Kot turist morate še vedno nositi gotovino, saj bodo trgovine, ki ne sprejemajo tujih kartic.

Avtomati (lokalno znani kot "luknja v zidu" ali "bankomat") so na voljo v skoraj vseh mestih, tudi v tistih brez banke. Banke za uporabo konkurenčnega bankomata ne zaračunavajo več provizij, vendar lahko neodvisni operaterji bankomatov še vedno zaračunajo provizijo za dvig. Če dvignete s čezmorsko kartico pri ANZ, boste za uporabo njihovega bankomata plačali 3 USD. BNZ in Kiwibank ne zaračunavata čezmorskih kartic. Dvig gotovine z bankomatov na dan omejuje 2000 USD.

Supermarketi in nekateri trgovci na drobno se lahko dogovorijo za izdajo majhne količine gotovine, ko plačate nakup z domačo debetno kartico. Manjši trgovci na ta način pogosto določijo minimalni nakup približno 10 USD.

bančni računi

Če boste nekaj časa na Novi Zelandiji, bo morda priročno odpreti novozelandski bančni račun in nastaviti lokalno kartico. Vse banke NZ ponujajo storitve telefonskega in internetnega bančništva. Večina podjetij in ljudi zdaj na računih navede svojo 15-mestno številko bančnega računa (npr. 12-3456-0789123-00), stranke pa denar nakažejo na svoj račun prek internetnega bančništva. To je pogosto pri nakupu vozila ali predhodni rezervaciji nastanitve; plačilo se običajno zaključi v nekaj urah ali najpozneje naslednji delovni dan.

Vse novozelandske banke bodo obiskovalcem in migrantom omogočile, da ustvarijo račun prek svojih spletnih mest do šest mesecev pred prihodom. Prihod vaše kartice bo trajal približno dva tedna, banka pa bo z veseljem čakala v izbrani poslovalnici. Na Novi Zelandiji so banke "velike četverke" ANZ, ASB, BNZ, in Westpac; druge večje banke vključujejo Kiwibank in TSB.

Ponujali boste možnost izbire med Eftpos in debetno kartico. Kartico Eftpos lahko uporabite za plačevanje v trgovinah na Novi Zelandiji in za dvig denarja iz bankomatov. Z debetno kartico lahko naredite vse, kar počne kartica Eftpos, poleg tega pa jo lahko uporabljate tudi v spletu in v tujini, kadar koli sprejmete kartico Visa ali MasterCard. Debitna kartica ima običajno majhno letno provizijo (približno 10 USD), medtem ko so kartice Eftpos brezplačne.

Pregledi

Plačilo s čekom je na Novi Zelandiji redko in večina trgovin jih ne sprejme. Večina bank po maju 2021 ne bo več sprejemala čekov.

Stroški

Nova Zelandija je za večino obiskovalcev dokaj draga država, saj njena relativna izolacija povečuje stroške uvoza izdelkov. Cene so primerljive s sosednjo Avstralijo, čeprav se lahko posamezni predmeti razlikujejo tako višje kot nižje.

Kot vodilo so tu povprečne cene nekaterih pogostih izdelkov (od oktobra 2020):

• Štruca kruha (600 g) - 1,30 USD
• Dvolitrska steklenica mleka - 3,60 USD
• Jabolka - 3,30 USD za kg
• Kivi (zeleni) - 4,00 USD za kg
• Krompir - 2,20 USD za kg
• Goveja mleto mleto meso - 16,40 USD za kg
• Jagnječji kotleti - 18,20 USD za kg
• Ribe in čips, en del - 7,40 USD
• Big Mac - 6,60 USD

Davki in pristojbine

Glavna ulica v mestu Mosgiel, blizu Dunedina

Za blago in storitve, ki se prodajajo na Novi Zelandiji, je treba plačati 15% davka na blago in storitve (GST). Davek je običajno vključen v oglaševano ceno; izjeme morajo navajati, da je davek na blago izključen ali je dodaten. Nekatere trgovine, zlasti na turističnih destinacijah, bodo nakupe pošiljale v tujino ali jih dajale na voljo na letališču, saj za izvozno blago ne veljajo davek na blago. Pred nakupom se pozanimajte o tej storitvi. Za blago, ki ste ga kupili in vzeli s seboj, bo veljala davek na blago. Navadni obiskovalci ne more zahtevajte vračilo davka na davek na blago, ki ste ga že plačali ob odhodu iz države. Poslovni obiskovalci bodo morda lahko zahtevali vrnitev davka na dodano vrednost, plačanega ob vrnitvi podjetja, v tem primeru boste morali računovodski službi izdati davčni račun za vse nakupe 50 USD ali več.

Davek na blago in dajatve (če je primerno) se plačajo za vse blago, uvoženo preko dajatve. Brezcarinski dodatek na osebo znaša 50 cigaret ali 50 gramov tobaka, tri 1125-mililitrske steklenice žganih pijač, 4,5 litra piva ali vina in 700 NZ dolarjev drugega brezcarinskega blaga.

Novozelandska zakonodaja zahteva, da so uslužbenci, ki delajo na državne praznike, plačani 1,5-krat več od običajne stopnje in imajo dan plačanega dopusta, ki ga lahko uporabijo pozneje. Podjetja, zlasti kavarne in restavracije, lahko dodajo doplačilo za praznik (običajno 15%), da pokrijejo dodatne stroške dela. Tako kot pri davku na osnovno blago, če doplačilo ni vključeno v oglaševano ceno, je treba navesti, da je doplačilo dodatno.

Pogajanja o ceni

Nova Zelandija ima močno zakonodajo o pošteni trgovini in varstvu potrošnikov, ki med drugim zahteva, da se blago in storitve prodajajo po razumni ceni. V večini primerov se pogajanja o cenah oz barantanje oglaševanih cenah se zato šteje za žalitev trgovca. Če se vam zdijo cene previsoke, je najboljši nasvet, da glasujete z nogami.

Nekateri trgovci bodo morda pripravljeni ujemati ali popustiti ceno izdelka, če boste našli konkurenta, ki prodaja isti izdelek po nižji ceni. Za predmete z velikimi vstopnicami, kot so gospodinjski aparati in pohištvo, se bodo prodajalci morda pripravljeni dogovoriti za ceno, če kupujete več predmetov ali plačujete z gotovino ali Eftposom.

Če ste na Novi Zelandiji dlje časa, spletno mesto Trgovina z mano ponuja podoben poslovni model kot čezmorski velikanski eBay. Vendar se Trade Me bolj osredotoča na neposredno trgovanje z bančnimi nakazili (predpogoj je, da morate imeti novozelandski bančni račun) in minimalno, do provizij, potrebnih za prvotno uvrstitev predmeta.

Prekuhavanje

Prekuhavanje ni del novozelandske kulture in je pogosto obravnavan sumničavo ali pa se z njim aktivno zmerjajo, saj mnogi menijo, da gre za večinoma ameriške navade, ki nekaterim delavcem prekomerno plačujejo, drugi pa so izpuščeni; poleg tega obstaja občutek, da je odlaganje dvakrat plačilo za eno storitev. Ne bodite presenečeni ali užaljeni, če boste deležni osuplih pogledov ali če bo vaš namig zavrnjen ali izprašan, saj Novozelandci sami praviloma ne dajejo napitnin, v novozelandski kulturi pa je tudi oblika vljudnosti, da najprej zavrnete takšno gesto, preden jo sprejmete . Kljub temu so nekatere oblike odlaganja običajne, na primer zaokroževanje cene vožnje s taksijem. Skoraj enako verjetno pa je, da bo taksist vozovnico zaokrožil na najbližji dolar. Nekatere kavarne imajo na pultu kozarec z napisom "nasveti za osebje", v katerem lahko stranke pustijo drobiž, čeprav domačini pogosteje ne pustijo nobenega.

Običajno morajo restavracije v objavljene cene vključiti stroške storitve in davke. Vendar je zakonito, da restavracije ob praznikih naložijo doplačilo poleg objavljenih cen, saj morajo te dni zaposlenim plačevati višje plače.

Občasno v restavraciji dobijo nasvete za izjemno postrežbo, zlasti v večjih mestih, kot so Christchurch, Wellington in Auckland. Toda v teh mestih je zelo pogosto, da osebje barov dobi napitnine v višini približno 30 dolarjev, zgrajenih vso noč, zlasti čakalno osebje. Spet to ni odstotni znesek računa, ampak le gesta dobre volje s strani pokroviteljev. Drugi morda menijo, da se ljudje, ki to počnejo, ponašajo in izkazujejo svoje bogastvo. Novozelandci, ki potujejo v tujino, so pogosto navada težki in zmedeni. Običajna praksa in vljudnost je, da rezervno drobiž od obroka podarite zbiralnemu kozarcu na pultu, kar deluje kot standardni nadomestek za napitnino.

Vendar pa mnogi Novozelandci potujejo in živijo v drugih državah, pogosto se vrnejo na Novo Zelandijo in s seboj prinesejo navado pri odnašanju. Na splošno ljudje, ki opravljajo storitve na Novi Zelandiji, na primer natakarji in frizerji, namesto denarja dobijo nasmeh in zahvalo. To velja za razumno, ker je njihova povprečna plača bistveno večja od ameriških.

Nakupovalni čas

Nova Zelandija ima zelo liberalen zakon o nakupovalnem času. Trgovine se morajo zapreti le v 2,5 dneh v letu: božični dan, veliki petek in pred 13:00 na dan Anzac (25. aprila). Nekatera območja zahtevajo tudi zaprtje trgovin na velikonočno nedeljo. Izjeme vključujejo mlekarne, prodajalne, bencinske črpalke, kavarne in restavracije, lekarne, prodajalne spominkov in trgovine na letališčih in terminalih javnega prevoza.

Trgovine na visoki ulici so navadno odprte med delovnimi dnevi med 8:00 in 9:00 in se zaprejo med 16:30 in 18:00. Ko trgujejo med vikendi in prazniki, se praviloma odpirajo med 9:00 in 10:00 ter zaprejo med 13:00 in 17:00. Nakupovalni centri so praviloma odprti od ponedeljka do sobote od 9.00 do 18.00 in v nedeljo od 10.00 do 17.00; večina ima eno ali dve pozni noči na teden, običajno v četrtek in / ali petek, kjer trgovine ostanejo odprte do 21:00. Supermarketi in večina trgovcev z velikimi škatlami se odpirajo vsak dan med 7:00 in 8:00 in zaprejo med 21:00 in 22:00.

Glavne trgovske verige

Skladišče, običajno imenovano Rdeča lopa, je novozelandski ekvivalent Walmarta. Skupina Warehouse prodaja različne cenejše izdelke, vključno z oblačili, opremo za taborjenje, elektroniko, igračami, CD-ji, DVD-ji, igrami itd. Redne prodajalne najdemo v vseh mestih in večini večjih mest, nekatere manjše trgovine pa delujejo tudi na podeželju. Kljub Walmartu podobnemu ugledu trgovine prodajajo nekatere cenjene vrhunske blagovne znamke, kot so Sony, LEGO, Apple in Adidas. Cene so poceni in če kupujete izdelke, ki jih želite uporabljati za čas novozelandskih počitnic (in jih ne nameravate odpeljati domov), je priporočljivo skladišče. Skladišče ima tudi zelo liberalno politiko vračanja in menjave - izdelek lahko vrnete ali zamenjate v 12 mesecih po nakupu, če je v stanju ponovne prodaje in imate dokazilo o nakupu (nekateri predmeti, kot je spodnje perilo , kopalke, posneti mediji in pokvarljiva sredstva so izključeni). Bolj tradicionalne veleblagovnice vključujejo srednji trg Kmetje in prestižne veleblagovnice v večjih mestih: Smith & Caughey's v Aucklandu in Ballantyne's v Christchurchu.

Druge verige "velikih škatel" vključujejo Briškoti, trgovina z gospodinjskimi izdelki (za katero se zdi, da ima vsak drugi konec "30–60% popusta na vse razprodaje"); Noel Leeming, prodajalec elektronike; in Mitre 10 Mega, prodajalec hišnih izboljšav.

Jej

Maori zavrejo, juha iz zelenjave in svinjskih kosti

Na sodobno novozelandsko kuhinjo je vplivala predvsem britanska dediščina države, čeprav je priseljevanje od petdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja povzročilo sredozemske in azijsko-pacifiške zasuke. Māori imajo svojo značilno tradicionalno kuhinjo.

Večerni obrok, klic večerja ali čaj, velja za glavni obrok dneva. Odmori med prigrizki se imenujejo jutranji / popoldanski čaj.

Novozelandci običajno odidejo na večerjo v restavracijo samo ob posebnih priložnostih, kot so rojstni dnevi ali na romantične zmenke; večina ne jedo zelo pogosto, čeprav je to vse bolj pogosto. Novozelandci običajno ne zahtevajo računa za restavracijo pri mizi, temveč ga izpraznijo in ga zahtevajo na sprednjem pultu ali šanku.

Nova Zelandija ima značilno kavarniško kulturo z verjetno najboljšim espressom na planetu. V kavarnah je pogosto odlična hrana, ki služi vse od mafina do polnega obroka.

V manjših mestih je hrana vedno na voljo v lokalnem lokalu / hotelu / bistroju, čeprav je kakovost ponavadi takšna, kot je hamburger in čips.

Trgovin s hitro in hitro hrano je veliko. Glavne mednarodne verige hitre prehrane s prisotnostjo na Novi Zelandiji vključujejo Burger King, Carl's Jr., Domino's, KFC, McDonald's, Pita Pit, Pizza Hut, Subway in Wendy's. Obstajajo številne lokalne verige hitre prehrane; Burger gorivo in Burger Wisconsin je vredno poskusiti oba, medtem ko se ameriške picerije soočajo s konkurenco lokalne verige s satansko tematiko Peklenska pica. Kitajska hrana na Novi Zelandiji je večinoma iz zahodnjaške sorte, ki je podobna tisti v Avstraliji ali Združenem kraljestvu in jo najdemo v številnih soseskah in majhnih mestih. Kot rečeno, dobro, verodostojno kitajsko hrano najdemo v večjih mestih, kot so Auckland, Wellington in Christchurch.

Večina kavarn in restavracij na Novi Zelandiji redno skrbi za vegetarijance, brez glutena in večino posameznih alergij. Kavarne in restavracije, ki skrbijo za vegane in verske prehrambene potrebe (npr. Halal, košer), je težko najti zunaj večjih mest.

Če si hrano pripravljate sami, obstajajo glavne verige supermarketov: Odštevanje (zelena / črna), Novi svet (bež) in Pak'nSave (rumena). Če iščete najnižje cene, je Pak'nSave verjetno vaša najboljša izbira, vendar imajo omejen nabor blagovnih znamk. Countdown in New World imata celo paleto, vendar pazite na cene, če imate proračun. Manjša mesta imajo lahko Štiri kvadratne, Sveža izbira ali Super vrednost trgovina z živili. Po naseljenih mestih obstajajo mlekarne in druge prodajalne.

Kuhinja

Eno najbolj dokončnih vodnikov tradicionalne novozelandske kuhinje je Edmondsova kuharska knjiga. Prvič objavljen leta 1908, ki je doživel več kot ducat revizij, je v novozelandskih domovih očitno bolj ploden kot Biblija.

Prepoznavna novozelandska živila vključujejo:

• ANZAC piškoti - navadni trdi piškoti, narejeni predvsem iz ovsenih kosmičev, vezanih z zlatim sirupom. Prvotno izdelan za enote ANZAC in med njimi med prvo svetovno vojno. Najdeno tudi v Avstraliji.
• Ribe in krompirček - prvotno britanska jed za s seboj, Nova Zelandija ima svoj edinstven slog. Glavne ribe, ki se uporabljajo, so hoki, limonina riba (morski pes) in tarakihi, na južnem otoku pa se pojavlja tudi modroplavuta gurnard in modra trska. Ribe pretlačimo (ali jih drobimo, če želite) in jih ocvrto ocvremo v olju, skupaj z drobno narezanimi krompirjevimi čipsi (krompirčkom) in vrsto drugih vrst mesa, morskih sadežev, ananasovih kolobarjev in celo čokoladic, vse ovito v časopisni papir (danes še ne natisnjeno) uporablja se živilski papir; tradicionalno je bil to včerajšnji časopis). Tradicionalne začimbe na Novi Zelandiji vključujejo paradižnikovo omako (kečap) in tatarsko omako.

Pavlova na vrhu z jagodami, kivijem in pasijonko

• Kivi - sadež velikosti slive, običajno zelenega mesa, z drobnimi črnimi semeni v mesu. Medtem ko izvira iz Kitajske in je bil domačemu vrtnarju prvi znan kot Kitajska kosmulja, Nova Zelandija je bila prva država, ki je sadje selektivno gojila, gojila in izvažala. Današnja proizvodnja je osredotočena na Te Puke vendar kivi gojijo tudi na številnih drugih vrtnarskih območjih. Novozelandski kivi je v sezoni od aprila do januarja; izven sezone se uvaža s severne poloble (predvsem iz Italije). Rezine se pogosto uporabljajo kot preliv na pavlovi (glejte spodnji razdelek o sladicah). Pozor: Medtem ko ostali svet imenuje to sadje "kivi", na Novi Zelandiji ga vedno imenujejo "kivi". "Kiwi" se nanaša na nacionalno ptico, ki ne leti, je zaščitena vrsta in ubijanje (kaj šele, da bi jo pojedli) je kaznivo dejanje.
• Kūmara ali sladki krompir - pražen na enak način kot krompir in pogosto serviran namesto ali zraven. Lahko je tudi ocvrt kot krompirjev čips in znan kot kūmara čips - lepo postreženo s kislo smetano, a redko dobro kuhano, ker se kuha pri temperaturi, ki je drugačna od krompirja, zato potrebuje usposobljenega kuharja, da bo jed popolnoma pripravljena. Na voljo so tri glavne sorte: Rdeča Owairaka ("rdeča"), Toka Toka zlato ("zlato") in Beauregard ("oranžna"). Rdeča Owairaka, s temno rdečo / vijolično kožico in kremasto belim mesom, je najbolj priljubljena sorta, vendar je najslabša od treh. Kūmara so na voljo vse leto, nova sezona pa se začne februarja. Glavno rastno območje je okrog Dargaville.
• Pite - Novozelandci jedo veliko število neluščenih peciv s slanimi nadevi, ki se lepo prilegajo eni roki (približno 170 g / 6 oz). Priljubljeni okusi vključujejo mleto mleto meso, mleto meso in sir, zrezek, zrezek in sir, mleto krompirjevo mleto meso, slanino in jajca ter piščanca in zelenjavo. Država je celo poskušala prevzeti ameriške velikane hitre prehrane z verigo, ki temelji na pitah (Georgie Pie), preden je bankrotirala in vse premoženje prodalo McDonald'su. Nekatera podjetja zdaj tržijo ponudbo "gurmanskih" pite in vsako leto poteka tekmovanje za najboljšo pito v različnih kategorijah.

Morski sadeži

Brez točke države več kot 130 km (80 milj) od morja, ribe in morski sadeži (kaimoana) je svež, raznolik in (večinoma) obilen. Školjke se nabirajo iz medplimskih kamnin in plaž ter obalnih rib, ujetih na črti ali z mrežami.

• Bluff ostrige (ostrige strgače) - najbogatejša ležišča po vsej Novi Zelandiji so v ožini Foveaux, iz majhnega pristaniškega mesta Blef, od tod tudi ime. Sezona nabiranja ostrig traja od marca do avgusta.
• Raki (jastog iz kamenja; Māori kōura (papatea)) - ujeto po vsej Novi Zelandiji, vendar še posebej povezano z mestom Kaikoura (katerega ime dobesedno pomeni "jesti rake").
• Školjke z zelenimi ustnicami - zlahka jih ločimo po temno zelenem do rjavem telesu s svetlo zeleno ustnico. Komercialno se gojijo od osemdesetih let in so na voljo tako v predelani kot v živi obliki.
• Pāua - novozelandska ušna črna noga najdemo v skalnatih podplimskih vodah. Meso je pogosto mehko (sicer je v obliki gume), sesekljano in oblikovano v fritule z maso na osnovi jajc in ocvrto. Stalni trg mesa pāua znaša 130–150 USD na kg, zato bodite previdni pri kakršni koli penati pāua, ki se prodaja manj kot 10 USD; meso bi lahko nabavili na črnem trgu, če sploh vsebuje resnično meso pāua.

Hangi se pripravlja

• Whitebait - prosojne papaline ali mladiči domačih sladkovodnih vrst rib, ki se vsako leto selijo z drstenja v morju. Po ulovu v obmorskih rečnih ustnih mrežah ali ročnih mrežah spomladi (od septembra do novembra) se ta zelo iskana dobrota odpelje na vse konce države. Pogosto jih postrežemo v "fritterjih" (ocvrta beljaka v testu na osnovi jajc), sezonsko pa jih lahko dobimo v lokalnih trgovinah z ribami in čipsom, kuhamo pa jih brez drobovja ali odstranjevanja glav, saj so drobne (2-7 mm).

Sladice in sladkarije

• Pavlova ali pav - sladicna torta iz stepenih beljakov in sladkorja, ki je počasi pečena, da ima zunaj hrustljavo podobno beze in mehko sredino, podoben močvirju, prelite s stepeno smetano in okrašeno z narezanim sadjem. Pavlove so lahko zelo pekoče in so znane po tem, da se izpraznijo, če se prehitro ohladijo, zato ne pričakujte, da bo povprečna novozelandska domača plošča videti kot na sliki. Sladica je pogosta tudi v Avstraliji, med državama pa se veliko razpravlja o tem, kje je bila prvič izumljena!
• Sladoled - Novozelandci zaužijejo povprečno 23 litrov sladoleda na leto, med najvišjimi na svetu. Edinstven okus kivija je hokey pokey, ki je vaniljev sladoled, ki vsebuje majhne kepice satjevih karamelov.
• Lollies (sladkarije / sladkarije) - ikonične novozelandske lizike vključujejo grudice ananasa (žvečilna karamela z okusom ananasa, prekrita s čokolado), jaffas (čokoladne kroglice znotraj trde oranžne lupine) in čokoladne ribe (marshmallow v obliki ribe, prekrit s čokolado).

Kuhinja māori

• The hāngi ali zemeljska pečica je tradicionalen način, kako Māori kuhajo hrano za velika srečanja. Meso, zelenjavo in včasih pudinge počasi nekaj ur kuhamo na pari v pokriti jami, ki je bila prej obložena s kamni in je v njej zagorel vroč les. Les, ki se uporablja v ognju, je običajno mānuka (novozelandsko čajno drevo), ki daje hāngijem edinstven okus po dimu. Na nekaterih področjih, kot npr Rotorua], to lahko storimo tudi z uporabo naravne geotermalne toplote.

Pijte

Alkoholna

Najnižja zakonska starost za nakup alkohola na Novi Zelandiji je 18, mlajšim od 18 let pa jih je mogoče dobaviti samo preko staršev ali skrbnikov. Univerzalna politika za lokale in prodajalce je, da od vseh pokroviteljev, mlajših od 25 let, zahtevajo identifikacijo s fotografijo; edine sprejemljive oblike identifikacije so potni list, vozniško dovoljenje za Novo Zelandijo ali kartica 18 ali kartica za dostop do kivija, ki jo je izdala organizacija Hospitality New Zealand (HNZ).

Novozelandci slovijo, da uživajo v svojem pivu, saj kivi v povprečju popije 71 litrov na leto. Čeprav so zdaj le tri glavne pivovarne, obstajajo številne regionalne blagovne znamke, vsaka s svojim prepoznavnim okusom in trdnimi zagovorniki. Craft pivo je tudi vedno bolj priljubljeno in na voljo, zlasti v večjih mestih (in še posebej v Wellingtonu). Pazite na piva NZ, kot so Tuatara, Garage Project ali Epic, in navedite le nekaj primerov. Na voljo so tudi mednarodne blagovne znamke, kot so Heineken, Guinness, Carlsberg in Budweiser.

Novozelandska vinska industrija se je razvila v pomembno izvozno industrijo. Država je danes mednarodno znana kot eden največjih proizvajalcev sauvignona blanc; več kot 70% letine grozdja sorte v državi. Regija Hawke's Bay je znana po sortah Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay in Viognier. Marlborough je največja vinorodna regija in slovi po sauvignon blanc. Waipara v Severnem Canterburyju je specializiran za rizling in sivi pinot, medtem ko Wairarapa in Central Otago sta specializirana za modri pinot. Številni vinogradi zdaj ponujajo oglede kleti, pokušino vin in prodajo iz vinograda.

Pazite, kdaj in kje se prepustite javnosti. Nova Zelandija ima območja prepovedi uživanja alkoholnih pijač - to pomeni, da alkoholnih pijač v določenih urah dneva ali noči ni mogoče uživati ​​ali celo prevažati na nekaterih ulicah, kot so mestna središča in priljubljene plaže. Policija vam lahko naroči, da izpraznite steklenice in vas aretirajo, če tega ne storite. Če vas ugotovijo, da ste pijani in neurejeni, vas lahko policija pridrži, dokler se ne streznite.

Brezalkoholno

Ravno bela

Kavarne so dnevno mesto v številnih večjih mestih in turističnih krajih. Kavarniška kultura je opazna v središču Wellingtona, kjer imajo številni pisarniški uslužbenci odmore. Običajno je na voljo večina kav, kapučino, latte, espresso / kratka črna, dolga črna, ravno bela, dunajska itd. Flat whites are probably the most popular. Cappuccinos are usually served with a choice of cinnamon or chocolate powder sprinkled on top. Its usual to request which one you want. Fluffies are a small frothed milk for children, sprinkled with chocolate powder.

L & P (Lemon & Paeroa) is a sweet, carbonated, lemonade-style drink said to be "world famous in New Zealand". It is a sold in a brown plastic bottle with a yellow label similar to the traditional brown glass bottles it used to be sold in. While originally manufactured in its namesake, Paeroa in the Waikato, it is now manufactured in Auckland by Coca-Cola.

Spi

New Zealand offers a wide range of accommodation, from campsites and shared hostel rooms to international-quality luxury hotels in the major cities.

New Zealanders seem to have perfected the art of the top-dollar home-stay. Hosted luxury lodges are the top-end equivalent of the bed-and-breakfast market and New Zealand has upwards of 40 internationally recognised lodges. Per capita, that's probably the highest in the world. They tend to be situated away from cities and can be difficult to get to, though some are right in the heart of the major centres. At the very top-end, helicopter transfers and private jets help the luxury traveller move between the lodges they've chosen for their visit.

Motels of a variety of standards from luxury to just adequate can be found on the approaches to most towns. Most New Zealand motels feature kitchenettes, usually with cooking utensils, pots and pans, crockery and cutlery, so the traveller can avoid the cost of eating out by self-catering from their motel bedroom. Heating can be a problem in winter though – while an increasing number of motels have their ceilings and walls insulated, double glazing is still uncommon. Small-scale central heating is also uncommon, and most motel rooms are heated by plug-in electric heating or gas heaters.

A rural hotel

Nočitev z zajtrkom are popular with visiting Brits and Swiss, as are homestays, farmstays and similar lodgings – some of which are in the most unlikely places. These can be a good choice if the traveller wants to benefit from local insider tips from the resident hosts, and many visitors welcome the opportunity to sample the rural life. For uniquely New Zealand accommodation, there are Māori homestays and tourist-catering marae stays.

There is a wide range of backpacker accommodation around these islands, including a 50-strong network of youth hostels (catering for independent travellers of any age) that are members of the Youth Hostels Association. There are also two marketing networks of independent hostels: BBH with 280 listings and the much smaller Nomads network.

Holiday parks in motor camps provide sites for tents, caravans and campervans, with shared kitchens and bathroom facilities. Many also provide built accommodation, ranging from basic cabins to self-contained motel units. Many visitors travel around New Zealand in hired minibuses and vans, including self-contained campervans that can be driven by anyone who holds an ordinary car driver's licence.

The Department of Conservation (DOC) provides camping sites in national parks and other conservation reserves. If you are travelling into the backcountry, the DOC has many back-country huts that can be used under a permit system.

Freedom camping outside of recognised and marked camping areas is decreasingly available. It used to be common to find a tent or hammock pitched for the night in many picnic areas or in a grove of trees off the road or anywhere else there wasn't a "No Camping" sign. Due to growing local concerns about rubbish and human waste not being disposed of properly, together with moteliers resenting their falling incomes, many local authorities are now introducing tough restrictions with on-the-spot penalty notices being issued. Always dispose of all waste properly and leave your camping spots exactly as you found them (if not in better condition). Please respect this privilege and avoid leaving more ammunition for the people who want to restrict freedom camping even further. The Tourism Industry Association, DOC and the i-SITE network of information centres have produced a useful online map resource featuring over 1500 pay and free sites and based on Google maps.

New Zealand was one of the first countries in the world after the UK to develop a dense WWoOF network. "Willing Workers on Organic Farms" pioneered the concept of travellers ("WWoOFers") staying as volunteers on farms and receiving food and accommodation in exchange for doing a half-day of work for each night they stay. The Nelson Tasman region in the South Island is particularly rich in WWOOFing possibilities. HelpX, which is similar to WWOOF but is not restricted to just organics, originated in and has its largest country network in New Zealand.

Couchsurfing is popular in New Zealand, with most major centres sporting active forums and groups, and having hosts all around the nation.

Qualmark, a government-owned organisation, provides a star rating system for accommodation and other tourism services.

Nauči se

For many years, New Zealand schools and universities have educated foreign students from the countries of Southeast Asia and education has now become a major source of export earnings for the country. English language schools have been established for students from the region, particularly South Korea in China, but also many other countries. The most prestigious university in New Zealand is arguably the University of Auckland; other major universities include Victoria University v Wellington, University of Canterbury v Christchurch, in University of Otago v Dunedin.

The Ministry of Education has established a Code of Practice that New Zealand educational institutions enrolling international students under 18 years old need to abide by. To Code of Practice includes minimum standards for the pastoral care of international students. Primary school students (ages 5–12) need to either live with a parent/guardian or else board in a school hostel. Secondary school students (ages 13–18) may live in home-stays, temporary accommodation or with designated caregivers. Where the institution arranges accommodation for students older than age 18 the code of practice applies to their accommodation situations also.

New Zealand citizens, permanent residents and refugees can receive financial assistance through loans and allowances, to pay the tuition fees and to attend tertiary education at Universities, Polytechnics, Whananga (Māori operated universities/polytechnics) and Private Training Providers. Australian citizens and permanent residents pay the same tuition fees as New Zealand citizens, but must have lived in New Zealand for at least 3 years to be eligible for loans and allowances. Overseas students will need to pay the full tuition fees and their own living costs while studying at a New Zealand institution. Many universities and polytechnics in New Zealand have minimum English language requirements, and may require proof through an English proficiency test such as IELTS for students who have not completed at least three years in a New Zealand secondary school.

Non-Australian overseas students need to have a student visa and a reasonable level of cash to spend in order to undertake a course of study at a New Zealand based educational institution. Visas are generally valid for the duration of the course of study and only while the student is attending the course of study. New Zealand educational institutions will inform the appropriate immigration authorities if a student ceases to attend their enrolled courses, who may then suspend or cancel that student's visa. Educational institutions often also exchange this enrolment and attendance data electronically with other government agencies responsible for providing student assistance.

Sailing

New Zealand takes pride in its sailing tradition and skill. Team New Zealand won the America's Cup in 1995 and 2000, under the leadership of Sir Peter Blake, becoming the first team from a country outside the United States to win and successfully defend the America's Cup. There are many "learn to sail" programs offered by yacht clubs across the country.

Work

Picking grapes

To work in New Zealand as a non-Australian foreign citizen you will need to obtain a work visa, which generally requires a job offer from either an accredited employer or in an area of skill shortage to obtain. Students on student visas can work part-time for up to 20 hours per week. Australian citizens and permanent residents are entitled to work in New Zealand indefinitely on a visa waiver. It is illegal to work in New Zealand on a visitor visa, and doing so runs a risk of arrest, imprisonment and deportation.

You will need to have a New Zealand bank account, as most employers pay using electronic banking rather than in cash. You will also need to apply for an Inland Revenue Department (IRD) Number if you don't already have one, so your employer may deduct income tax at the correct rate. If you don't supply your employer with your IRD number, you'll be taxed at the no declaration rate of 45% (compared with the top tax rate of 33%).

The New Zealand tax year runs from 1 April to 31 March. If you are a wage and salary earner, then you don't need to file a tax return unless you have undeclared income or need to claim expenses. If the IRD calculates you've overpaid or underpaid tax in the last tax year, they will contact you from mid-May onwards. Being a foreigner means that your New Zealand income is subject to local income tax at the fullest levels. Although many people believe that they can collect all their tax back when they leave the country, this is not true. Be careful though, if you choose to work in New Zealand and you stay more than 183 days in any 12-month period, your worldwide income could be taxed. New Zealand has double taxation agreements with several countries to stop tax being paid twice.

Unless you choose to opt out, employers will automatically deduct 3% of your wages each week in KiwiSaver, the government's retirement savings scheme. If you permanently leave New Zealand and move to any country other than Australia, you can claim back any KiwiSaver funds after one year. If you move to Australia, you can transfer your KiwiSaver funds to your Australian superannuation scheme at any time; contact your provider to arrange this.

As of 1 April 2021, the minimum wage for those aged 18 and over is $20.00 per hour before tax and deductions. Be careful as some unscrupulous employers like to pay foreigners below the minimum wage thinking they don't know better.

Seasonal work such as fruit picking and other agricultural work is sometimes available for tourists. More information about legal seasonal fruit picking work can be found at Pick NZ.

New Zealand has a number of reciprocal Working Holiday Schemes, which allow people between 18 and 30 to travel and work in New Zealand for up to one year and vice versa. Young citizens of many countries from Europe, South America, North America and Asia can apply. These schemes are enormously popular and in many instances, participants can apply to stay in New Zealand longer once they have completed their one-year stay. Information on all the various schemes and application details.

Ostani varen

The main emergency number in New Zealand is 111, and can be used to contact ambulance, the fire service, police, the coastguard, and rescue services. 112 works from mobile phones; 911 and 999 may work, but do not rely on them. You can call *555 from mobiles to report non-emergency traffic incidents. You can call 105 for non-emergency police, e.g. to report a theft or burglary (from overseas, you can call 64 4 910-5105 to reach 105).

Due to their isolation, the Chatham Islands are not connected to the 111 network and have their own local emergency number: ☏ 64 3 305-0111. While you can dial this number from your mobile, it won't work as the Chatham Islands have no mobile phone reception. Deaf people can contact emergency services by fax on 0800 16 16 10, and by textphone/TTY on 0800 161 616. It is possible to send an SMS to 111, but you must register with police first.

Full instructions are on the inside front cover of every telephone book. Other emergency numbers and personal crisis numbers are on pages 2 to 4 of the white pages section.

Crime and security

Police officers in Auckland

While difficult to make international comparisons, the level of crime in New Zealand is similar to other western countries. Dishonesty offences, such as theft, are by far the most frequent crime. Much of this crime is opportunistic in nature, so travellers should take simple, sensible precautions such as putting valuables away out of sight or in a secure place and locking doors of vehicles, even in remote locations.

Violent crime in public places is associated with alcohol or illicit drug consumption. Rowdy bars or drunken crowds in city centres, or groups of youths in the suburbs, are best avoided, especially late at night and in the early morning. New Zealanders can be somewhat lacking in a sense of humour when their country or their sporting teams are mocked by loud or drinking tourists.

There are occasional disturbing high profile media reports of tourists being targeted in random violent robberies and sexual crimes. These crimes tend to happen in isolated places, where the chances of the offender being observed by other people are low. However, the chances of falling victim to such misfortune is low; statistics show you're more likely to be attacked by someone in your travelling party than a complete stranger.

A major terrorist attack occurred in Christchurch on 15 March 2019, in which a white supremacist carried out consecutive shootings on two mosques, killing 51 people. However, the long-term terrorist threat in New Zealand is similar to other Western countries.

The New Zealand Police is the national police force, and police officers are generally polite, helpful and trustworthy. Unlike in most other nations, New Zealand police officers do not routinely carry firearms, the exception being those guarding key installations such as airports, diplomatic missions and some government buildings; officers on the beat typically only carry batons, offender control pepper spray, and Tasers. Firearm-related incidents are typically left to the specialist Armed Offenders Squad (AOS, similar to SWAT in the United States) to deal with. Armed police or an AOS callout usually rates a mention in the media.

Police fines can be paid online by credit card or internet banking, by posting a cheque or in person at any branch of Westpac Bank. Do not try to pay the police officer directly as this is considered bribery and will be dealt with accordingly.

Racism

New Zealand is in general a fairly tolerant country with respect to race, and most visitors to New Zealand do not run into any incidents. While it is not particularly difficult to encounter someone who has racist views in the pub, it is in general rare to face open aggression in the street on the basis of one's race. Legislation prohibits hate speech and racial discrimination in a wide range of public spheres such as education and employment.

Illicit drugs

Most illicit drugs, including preparations, precursor substances and paraphernalia, are illegal to possess and to deal in New Zealand. Possession of illicit drugs is punishable by up to 6 months in prison, although it is rare for offenders to get more than a fine or community service. Police may offer diversion for possession of cannabis or another class C drug (e.g. barbiturates, benzodiazepines) as an alternative to being convicted in court. New Zealand has a "presumption of supply law", which means if you're found in possession drugs above a certain quantity (0.5 grams for cocaine and heroin, 5 grams for methamphetamine, 28 grams for cannabis), you'll be presumed to be a supplier and will be charged with dealing in drugs rather than possession.

The penalties for dealing in illicit drugs, whether it be importing/exporting, trafficking, manufacturing, cultivating or selling, are much stiffer than for possession; dealing in class A drugs (e.g. heroin, cocaine, LSD, methamphetamine) can attract a sentence of life imprisonment with the possibility of parole after 10 years.

A referendum on legalising cannabis in New Zealand was held alongside the 2020 general election, but failed by a narrow margin (50.7% opposed to 48.4% in favour).

Natural hazards

Severe weather is by far the most common natural hazard encountered. Although New Zealand is not subject to the direct hit of tropical cyclones, stormy weather systems from both the tropics and the polar regions can sweep across New Zealand at various times of the year. There is generally a seven to ten day cycle of a few days of wet or stormy weather followed by calmer and drier days as weather systems move across the country. The phrase four seasons in one day is a good description of New Zealand weather, which has a reputation for both changeability and unpredictability. The phrase is also a popular Kiwi song.

Weather forecasts are generally reliable for overall trends and severe weather warnings should be heeded when broadcast. However both the timing and intensity of any weather events should be assessed from your own location.

You should always seek advice from the Department of Conservation when trekking in alpine areas. There are annual fatalities of both foreign nationals and New Zealanders caught unaware by the weather.

There are other natural hazards you may encounter, though far more rarely:

Earthquake damage to a road

• Strong earthquakes - New Zealand, being part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, sits astride a tectonic plate boundary and experiences large numbers (about 14,000/year) of earthquakes every year, although only around 200 are strong enough to be felt by humans and only 1-2 causes any material damage. Only two recorded earthquakes in New Zealand have resulted in serious loss of life; the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake (7.8 magnitude, 256 dead), and the 2011 Christchurch earthquake (6.3 magnitude, 185 dead). The latest quake news is reported by GeoNet. In an earthquake, running outside the building is generally more hazardous than remaining inside and finding cover; buildings in New Zealand are built to high standards, and while they may be damaged in an earthquake, they should remain standing.

If you do feel a strong earthquake, remember Drop, Cover, Hold: drop to the ground, pokrov yourself under a table or desk (or cover your head and neck with your hands if no table or desk is available), and hold on until the shaking stops.

• Tsunami is a possible risk in coast parts of New Zealand. Warning of a tsunami from an overseas earthquake will be widely publicised via media. However, should you experience a very strong earthquake (over a minute long, or so strong you cannot easily stand) you should move to high ground (35 m or more) or at least 1km inland as a precaution until an all clear is given.
• Volcanic eruptions - New Zealand has a number of volcanoes that are classified as active or dormant. Active volcanoes include Mount Ruapehu, Tongariro, White Island and the remote Kermadec Islands. Volcanic activity is also monitored by GeoNet.
• There are almost no poisonous or dangerous animals. The katipo and Australian redback are the only two venomous spiders and bites from both species are extremely rare. Serious reactions are uncommon and unlikely to develop in less than three hours, though you should always seek help at your nearest hospital, medical centre, or doctor. The bite of the white-tailed spider is painful but not in fact, despite folklore, especially dangerous to humans. Certain ferocious-looking species of wētā (a giant flightless cricket) can deliver a painful but harmless bite. New Zealand has no wolves, bears, big cats, crocodiles or other predators, and no snakes at all: it's safe to walk alone in the bush, or even lie down and have a nap.

Volunteer fire brigade sirens

Outside the major cities, New Zealanders rely on volunteer fire brigades to protect their community. As mobiles and pagers have a tendency to fail, sirens are still regularly used day and night to call out firefighters. These sirens sound similar to British World War II air-raid sirens, and make a wailing (up and down) sound. Don't be alarmed if the siren goes off: tourists in the past have been caught unaware and have panicked thinking New Zealand was under nuclear attack!

Firearms

New Zealand does not have constitutional rights with regards to firearm ownership, and possession of any type of firearm requires a licence from the police. The standard firearms licence only allow the person to possess sporting type shotguns and rifles, and for pre-charged pneumatic (PCP) air rifles; semi-automatic weapons and military-grade assault rifles are illegal for civilians to possess, and all other types of firearms require an additional endorsement. Air weapons, and PCP airsoft and paintball rifles, are an exception to this rule, and may be purchased by anybody over the age of 18 without a licence. It is extremely rare for civilians to carry firearms in urban areas, and doing so would likely draw suspicion from the public and police.

Visitors who wish to bring firearms into New Zealand are required to obtain a permit from the police at least one month before arrival. In practice receiving one is difficult, and is only possible if you are entered in an official shooting competition or are travelling for hunting.

Stay healthy

	COVID-19 informacije: If you have any symptoms of COVID-19 (cough, fever, shortness of breath, etc.), phone the dedicated Healthline COVID-19 line on 0800-358-5453 (or 64 9 358-5453 from overseas) for instructions.
	(Information last updated 18 May 2020)

New Zealand has very high levels of ultraviolet radiation, around 40% more intense than you will find in the Mediterranean during summer, and consequently has high rates of skin cancer. Sun hats, sunglasses and sunscreen are highly recommended.

Smog is a perennial winter problem in many South Island towns and cities, especially Alexandra, Christchurch and Timaru. Like Los Angeles and Vancouver, these areas are affected by temperature inversion, whereby a layer of warm air traps cold air full of pollutants from vehicles and wood fires close to the ground. Be wary in these areas if you have any respiratory problems (including asthma).

New Zealand has high and equitable standards of professional health care, comparable with Sweden or Australia.

Tap water in New Zealand is regarded as some of the cleanest in the world; it is safe to drink in all cities. Most comes from artesian wells or freshwater reservoirs, but some comes from rivers, which can be chlorinated to be made safe, but does not always taste very nice. Tap water in places such as Christchurch is usually not chlorinated at all as it is drawn from the pure artesian aquifers of the Canterbury Plains. Bottled water is commonly available if you prefer. Precautions should be taken against Giardia when tramping: do not drink water from rural streams without boiling it first. Risk may be lower in the highlands of the South Island, especially where streams are strong and come directly from melting snow in the mountain.

You will not need any special immunisations before travelling to New Zealand. However it is recommended you check you are up to date with vaccinations for whooping cough (pertussis) and measles, as there have been sporadic outbreaks, especially among children and teenagers. It may pay to get a flu vaccination if you are travelling in the New Zealand winter season.

Medical care

Healthcare in New Zealand is generally of a similar standard to other developed countries. Visiting the doctor will cost about $60-70 but varies between practices and localities. Appointments outside normal business hours may cost extra. The New Zealand public hospital system is free of charge to citizens and permanent residents of Australia or New Zealand, British citizens, and work visa holders authorised to stay in New Zealand for at least 2 years, but will charge all others for treatment received. International students are generally required to take up private health insurance as part of their visa conditions. Travel insurance is highly recommended for visitors.

New Zealand is the only country in the world to have a universal, no-fault, accidental injury compensation scheme, run by the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC). Even if you are just visiting, if you are injured while in New Zealand, ACC will pay the cost of your treatment and, if you're working, will cover up to 80% of any lost New Zealand earnings. To claim ACC, you only need to turn up at the doctor's surgery or Accident & Emergency; they will give you a claim form to complete which will then be sent to ACC on your behalf. There may be a part charge for treatment at a doctor's clinic. You can not sue an at-fault party in relation to an injury covered by ACC, except for exemplary damages (and even then, there is a high threshold).

ACC will not cover any incidental costs you incur, such as costs for changing travel arrangements or for relatives to come to New Zealand to assist in your care, as you will be expected to hold travel insurance for these costs. ACC coverage is limited to New Zealand, so you are liable for any medical costs relating to an injury once you leave the country. Any property damaged or lost in an accident is also not covered by ACC, but if another person was at fault you can claim via their insurance, or directly if they are uninsured (although you may need to claim through a court process if they refuse to pay).

Fox Glacier

Ambulance services are provided by Wellington Free Ambulance in the Greater Wellington area, and St John's Ambulance elsewhere. Fire and Emergency New Zealand generally co-responds to any report of cardiac or respiratory arrest, so don't be surprised if a fire engine turns up before an ambulance does.

Prescription medication in New Zealand is generally referred to by its International Non-proprietary Name (INN) rather than any brand name. New Zealand has a single national drug-buyer, Pharmac, whose main aim to keep medicine prices low. It does mean subsidised drugs changing brands every five years (hence why drugs are known by their INNs), but it also means prescription drug shelf prices are among the cheapest in the OECD. On average, subsidised prescription medicines in New Zealand cost two-thirds of what they do in the UK and Australia, and one-third of what they do in the United States. Subsidised medications are available to New Zealand, Australian and UK citizens; a deductible of $15 applies for casual patients ($5 for enrolled patients). For those from other countries and those requiring unsubsidised medications, you will have to pay the full shelf price.

On arrival at an Accident and Emergency department of a public hospital you will be triaged and treated in order of priority rather than order of arrival. In a moderately busy A&E, a simple broken bone will generally require a 30- to 60-minute wait, but if heart attack and car accident victims keep coming in this can easily blow out to several hours. Children with a similar injury to yours will probably be treated before adults. If your illness or accident is minor, you may be advised to seek assistance from a doctor's clinic or after hours medical centre. This may cost you more than $100, but will prevent you waiting up to a whole day for treatment.

Healthline, a free 24-hour hotline staffed by registered nurses, is available if you need advice on a medical condition. The phone number is 0800 611 116.

Spoštovanje

Social behaviour

New Zealanders are generally warm and sociable, but will hold strangers at a distance.

• New Zealand is a country where "please" and "thank you" can be used more than once in a sentence without being out of place, and where an initial refusal of an offer is part of a polite banter. You should follow up a politely refused offer, with "Are you sure?", etc. Criticisms and compliments are often understated.
• If you wish to communicate with a New Zealander outside of a formal situation you are best to initiate the conversation. If you are unsure of the location of your intended destination ask a local. Your accent will trigger the local's desire to be helpful to tourists and they will normally offer to go beyond giving simple directions to help you.
• New Zealanders will often ask many (sometimes probing) questions about your home country or culture. This is not meant to be offensive: it reflects a genuine interest in other people and cultures and a desire to gain first-hand knowledge.
• If staying for more than a few days at someone's house, if they are younger than 35 it is considered polite to leave a token amount of money, say $20, to 'cover the power bill', especially if you are the guest at a shared flat/apartment/house.
• In conversations, if you want to contradict something someone has said, be gentle. New Zealanders will often be happy to learn something new and incorporate it into their knowledge but will also defend strongly something they have direct knowledge of.
• Some New Zealanders tend to swear a lot. It generally isn't meant to be offensive; sometimes they may even use swear words to refer to friends.
• New Zealand society is understood by New Zealanders to be classless and egalitarian. While in reality New Zealand is far from classless, talking about class and personal wealth isn't usually well received. New Zealanders, even wealthy New Zealanders, tend to behave in a somewhat frugal manner.

Dress

New Zealanders generally dress 'smart casual', with a prevalence of wearing black or dark clothing. You will see people in suits on weekdays only in the cities.

• Wearing brightly coloured clothing will mark you as a tourist. In most cases this will be to your advantage due to New Zealanders wanting to be hospitable to tourists. However, being marked as a tourist may attract unwanted attention from less than savoury people. Use common sense if you are approached by a local.
• New Zealand's weather can be very changeable, a cold front can make the temperature drop suddenly. Make sure you take a jacket or jumper with you at all times. Equally, if you hit a beautiful, sunny, warm day you may also need to cover up to prevent the harsh sun causing sunburn.
• New Zealanders, as a general rule, dress more casually than is common in Europe or North America, and over-dressing might make you stand out in the wrong way. Higher end restaurants might publish a dress code on their website. New Zealanders are generally hospitable to a fault, if you are invited to a function, do not be shy to ask what the expected dress code is.
• If going to an expensive formal restaurant for a meal you will not need to wear a suit and tie, but wearing jeans and t-shirts is frowned upon. Smart trousers, a collared shirt and dress shoes for men, and smart trousers or skirt and blouse for women would be typical. At all non-formal dining there will be an expectation of being tidily dressed.
• If drinking in bars, check out what the locals are wearing before going. Wearing shorts and sandals may be acceptable in rural areas, but trousers and shoes are a minimum standard for most city bars and restaurants. Some nightclubs insist upon collared shirts and refuse entry to men wearing sports shoes. Women will generally be granted admission regardless of dress.
• It is common for young people to go barefoot more frequently than travelers from Europe or America might be used to. It's fairly common for students to go barefoot at school (especially for athletic practice), and even in stores and fast food restaurants. Be certain ne to mistake this as a sign of poverty nor as lack of sophistication. It's not the least bit unusual to find students from wealthy families walking around barefoot at an excellent junior or high school.
• At most beaches, nudity is frowned upon. If you do wish to go nude (or topless for women) you will only be breaking the law if you cause offence to another person so walking away from the main beach to a quieter spot will usually get around any problems.

Māori culture

Maori dance performance

Māori cultural experiences are popular tourist attractions enjoyed by many people but, as with any two cultures encountering one another, there is room for misunderstanding. Some tourists have found themselves more confronted than they expected by ceremonial challenges and welcomes. These are serious occasions; avoid chatter and laughter. There will be plenty of time to relax and joke later after the formalities are over.

Māori tikanga (cultural customs and etiquette) is generally simple for foreigners to follow even if the reasoning behind them may not seem clear:

• Do not eat, drink or wear shoes inside the wharenui (carved meeting house).
• A person's head is considered tapu (sacred). Do not touch someone's head without permission, pass anything over anyone's head, or sit on a pillow (since it's used to rest your head).
• Do not sit on a table or any surface used to prepare or serve food.

Māori, Pākehā (Kiwis of European descent) and other New Zealanders (all-comers) are generally on good terms.

National identity

New Zealanders have a distinct and jealously guarded national identity. Although it has many similarities with other western cultures, it isn't a state of Australia, or still part of the British Empire (though it is a member of the Commonwealth and the British Monarch is the head of state). While Australia and New Zealand have close foreign policy ties, considerable inter-migration and overlapping cultures, saying New Zealanders are basically Australians will not gain you any Kiwi or Aussie friends. It is pretty much the same relationship as with Canadians and Americans or the Irish and Brits. In many ways, Australia and New Zealand have a similar outlook towards the other, with the same clichéd jokes being made.

Despite the jokes about New Zealand, most Australians have a genuine affection for New Zealanders (and vice versa); the relationship between the two countries is often described as sibling-like, with the sibling rivalry to boot. This can be traced back to ANZAC (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps), participation in two world wars (particularly the Gallipoli and North African campaigns), Korea, Vietnam, the Malaya Crisis, Solomon Islands, etc. When a disaster strikes one country, you will see charity collections for relief efforts underway in the other.

LGBT travellers

New Zealand is one of the world's most welcoming nations towards gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people. There is an equal age of consent of 16 for heterosexual and homosexual couples, and there are anti-discrimination and hate crime laws in relation to sexual orientation and gender (which implicitly includes gender identity). While some homophobic attitudes do exist (mostly among religious fundamentalists), even people who might not be comfortable with homosexuality tend to exhibit the common New Zealand pragmatic 'live and let live' attitude.

In August 2013, New Zealand became the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage. There is a small but thriving same-sex marriage tourism industry in New Zealand.

Religion

Historically, New Zealanders have never been very religious, and contemporary New Zealand society is one of the more secular in the world, with regular church-goers being in the minority. Nevertheless, most New Zealanders are (usually) tolerant towards people of all faiths as long as you do not proselytise or inconvenience others with your religious beliefs. If you do so, do not be surprised to get an earful.

Povežite se

Telephone

Old style telephone booths in Dunedin, serving as tourist attraction as well

Phone box in Pukekohe

New Zealand has a well developed and ubiquitous telephone system. The country's legacy phone company, Spark, claimed in 2009 to have about 4,000 payphones in NZ which can be easily identified by their yellow and blue colours, but these numbers are now diminishing. All of them accept major credit cards and a variety of phonecards available from retailers. You may have to look hard for a payphone that accepts coins.

There is an online directory of telephone subscribers. You can also call directory assistance on 018.

The international access code or prefix is 00. (When using a mobile phone, like everywhere else, the plus symbol " " can be used instead of the 00 prefix.)

The country code for international calls to New Zealand is 64. When dialling from overseas, omit any leading '0' in the area code.

There are five area codes:

03 for all of the South Island, Stewart Island and the Chathams

04 za Greater Wellington (excluding Wairarapa)

06 za Taranaki, Whanganui, Manawatu, Central North Island south of Mount Ruapehu, Hawke's Bay, East Coast, and Wairarapa.

07 za Waikato, Bay of Plenty and the Central North Island north of Mount Ruapehu

09 for Auckland and Northland.

You'll need to dial the area code if you are making non-local toll calls, even if the area code is the same (eg: you have to dial 03 when calling Christchurch from Dunedin, 07 when calling Hamilton from Tauranga, etc). Some of the rules defining what is a local call and what is a toll call can be confusing e.g. calling Kaiapoi to Rolleston (37 km away) is a local call, but Kaiapoi to Rangiora (11 km away) is a toll call - if in doubt, include the area code.

Freephone numbers start 0508 ali 0800 and can not be connected from outside New Zealand.

Collect (reverse charge) calls can be made by calling the operator on 010 (ali 0170 for international calls) and following the instructions.

The emergency number is 111, except in the Chatham Islands where it is 64 3 305-0111

Mobile phones

All major NZ mobile networks claim to have coverage "where 97% of NZers live, work and play", although this needs to be taken with a grain of salt. Mobile telephone coverage is good near urban areas although the mountainous terrain means that, outside these urban areas and especially away from the main highway system, coverage may be patchy. Do not rely on mobile phones in hilly or mountainous terrain. Mobile telephone users can call *555 only to report Non-emergency traffic safety incidents, such as a breakdown, road hazard or non-injury car crash, to the Police.

All mobile phone numbers in New Zealand usually start with 02, usually followed by eight digits (there are some seven- and nine-digit numbers in the 021 range).

• 2degrees operates a relatively young 3G/4G network.
• Spark (formerly Telecom NZ) operates a 3G/4G network nationwide (using the same frequencies as Telstra in Australia and AT&T in the US).
  • Skinny is a brand of Spark that provides the same service with a cheaper price.
• Vodafone NZ operates a nationwide 2G/3G/4G network. Vodafone also offer a visitor SIM specifically for travellers.

SIM cards are widely available and no registration is necessary. Most airports and shopping malls have stores from all network providers available for purchasing access and getting information about their networks. SIM cards and recharge vouchers are also available in supermarkets and dairies. A prepaid sim-card connection pack with $20 credit from Vodafone costs around $30, prepaid sim-cards from 2degrees and Spark costs $5 while Skinny costs $2.

Standard sim-cards, Micro-SIMs and nano-SIMs are available from all mobile providers, as are data-only plans for use in iPads or USB modems.

Internet

Some places offer free Wi-Fi to their customers. Often it may be available for a charge.

Internet access is available in cyber cafés and there are generally many of these in the major cities. Some Internet (cyber) cafés may not be maintained properly, but there are places around that maintain a high level of security when it comes to their systems. If you have your own laptop, many cyber cafés allow wired and wireless access. It is slowly becoming more common to allow tourists to use their own laptops to access the Internet.

Many public libraries have public Internet access. There may be a charge. The Auckland City Public Library allows for two 15 min sessions a day at no charge. Hourly rates for are usually in the range of $4-8, with cheaper rates of around $2-4 at cyber cafés within the main city centres. Some providers, such as the Christchurch City Library network, offer free access to some sites, usually ones of interest such as Google, BBC and CNN and those in the .nz top level domain.

You can purchase vouchers for Wi-Fi access from many Starbucks cafés and many McDonald's fast food outlets have free Wi-Fi. It is becoming more common to be provided at hotels and motels using vouchers, but it is seldom free as part of your room rate. There are wireless Hotspots in many cities and towns all over New Zealand from dedicated Wireless providers from whom you can buy connect time. Many camping holiday parks also have such services available. Free Wi-Fi is not that common but the best free locations are at the libraries in many small and medium-sized towns.

Letališča v Wellingtonu, Aucklandu in Dunedinu imajo brezplačen brezžični internet, vendar letališče Christchurch še vedno zaračunava pristojbino za brezžično storitev na terminalih.

Spark svojim mobilnim uporabnikom prek svojega telefonskega omrežja po vsej državi ponuja brezplačen brezžični internet. Ne-stranke lahko po brezplačnem tedenskem preskusu dostopajo za 9,99 USD na teden. Omejitev podatkov je 1 GB / dan.

Hitrosti interneta na Novi Zelandiji so primerljive z drugimi državami prvega sveta, vendar ne pričakujte dostopa do mednarodnih spletnih strani s hitrostjo; ne pozabite, da je državo od najbližje sosede ločilo 2200 km vode, podmorski kabli pa niso poceni za gradnjo in vzdrževanje. Gigabitna optična vlakna do prostorov ("Ultra Fast Broadband" ali UFB) so na voljo 67% prebivalstva, predvsem v večjih mestih. Širokopasovni internet ADSL / VDSL je na voljo na večini področij, kabelski internet pa v delih Wellingtona in Christchurcha. Če greste na oddaljeno podeželsko območje, pričakujte, da bo internet prek 3G / 4G mobilne širokopasovne povezave, če bo na voljo; prek satelita ali celo klicne povezave, če ni.

Mail

Tipičen poštni predal Nove Zelandije

Državna pošta je Pošta Nove Zelandije. Ponudba NZ pošte čez noč in isti dan kurirske službe po Novi Zelandiji; nekoč je obstajala storitev FastPost čez noč, vendar jo je nadomestil kurir čez noč.

Poste Restante je poceni storitev za sprejemanje pisem in paketov med obiskom Nove Zelandije iz tujine in je na voljo na poštnih uradih po vsej državi. Šalter dostava je na voljo na nacionalni ravni v lokalnem PostShopu in nekaterih prodajnih mestih PostCentre, če potrebujete kratkoročni poštni naslov do tri mesece.

Razglednice stanejo 1,20 USD za pošiljanje v Novi Zelandiji (2–3 dni) in 2,40 USD za mednarodno pošiljanje (3–10 dni). Pisma do velikosti DL (130 mm × 235 mm) stanejo enako kot razglednice na Novi Zelandiji ter v Avstralijo in južni Tihi ocean, pisma do drugih destinacij pa stanejo 3,00 USD.

Nova Zelandija uporablja 4-mestne poštne številke. Naslovi na podeželju uporabljajo številke RD (dostava na podeželju) namesto predmestja. Poštni naslovi so praviloma v naslednji obliki:

Ime prejemnika

Ulica in hišna številka

Preddverje / številka RD / preddverje

Mesto Poštna številka

Spopadite se

Elektrika

Poglej tudi: Električni sistemi

Električna vtičnica

Električna energija se napaja z 230 volti (plus ali minus 6%) 50 Hz. Vtičnice so avstralski AS / NZS 3112 "Tip I", z dvema ravnima poševnima zatičema za fazo in nevtralno ter navpičnim ravnim zatičem spodaj za zemljo. Kopalnice so lahko opremljene z izhodom za brivnik 115/230 V, ki sprejema tip A (severnoameriški), C (evropski) in I (avstralski) - ti odprtini niso dovolj močni, da bi lahko napajali naprave z močjo več kot približno 50 vatov. Na splošno morajo ameriški in kanadski potniki spakirati adapter in pretvornik, če nameravajo uporabljati severnoameriško električno opremo. Evropski potniki bodo morda morali preveriti jakost toka na nekaterih napravah z velikim vlečenjem; Gospodinjske vtičnice na Novi Zelandiji so zasnovane za največ 10 A (2300 W). Če porabite preveč energije, boste aktivirali odklopnik.

Oskrba z električno energijo je na splošno stabilna in zanesljiva. 75% električne energije se pridobiva iz obnovljivih virov, in sicer iz hidroelektrarn (55%), geotermalne energije (15%) in vetra (5%). Otok Great Barrier, otok Stewart, otoki Chatham in nekateri osamljeni deli južnega otoka (vključno s Haastom in Milford Soundom) niso povezani z nacionalnim električnim omrežjem. Zaradi večjih stroškov pazite na porabo električne energije, kadar ste na teh območjih.

Konzularna pomoč

Vsa veleposlaništva in visoka provizija so v prestolnici, Wellington, vendar obstajajo tudi konzulati v Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Nelson in Queenstown.

• Avstralija, 72–76 Hobson St, Thorndon, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 473-6411. Visoka komisija s konzulatom v Aucklandu. (posodobljeno mar 2018)
• Kanada, 11. stopnja, 125 The Terrace, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 473-9577. Visoka komisija s konzulatom v Aucklandu. 
• Kitajska, 2–6 Glenmore St, Kelburn, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 472-1382. Veleposlaništvo s konzulatoma v Aucklandu in Christchurchu. (posodobljeno mar 2018)
• Južna Afrika, Zgradba državnega zavarovanja 7. stopnje, ulica Willis 1, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 815-8484. Visoka komisija s konzulatom v Aucklandu. 
• Združeno kraljestvo, 44 Hill St, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 924-2888. Visoka komisija, s konzulatoma v Aucklandu in Christchurchu. 
• Združene države, 29 Fitzherbertova terasa, Wellington, ☏ 64 4 462-6000. Veleposlaništvo s konzulatom v Aucklandu. 

Časopisi

Aucklandovega Novozelandski glasnik ima največje dnevno bralstvo, večinoma na zgornjem severnem otoku, Wellingtonovem Dominion Post sega čez naravno spodnje povodje severnega otoka, medtem ko Christchurch Tisk ima predvsem bralce na Južnem otoku

The Glasnik v nedeljo, Sunday Star-Times in National Business Review, vsi tedensko objavljeni, bi trdili, da imajo nacionalno pokritost.

Obstaja tudi veliko lokalnih in skupnostnih časopisov, kot je Nelson Mail, toda skoraj vsi novozelandski časopisi imajo le dva tuja lastnika, ki objavljata velik del svoje nelokalne vsebine. Dunedinov Otago Daily Times ostaja največji neodvisni časopis.

Radio

Nova Zelandija ima veliko radijskih postaj, tako na AM kot na FM, z vsaj eno lokalno postajo in številnimi nacionalnimi omrežnimi postajami, ki oddajajo v vsakem večjem mestu. Glavne FM postaje so razporejene v intervalih 0,8 MHz (s polnilnimi postajami v intervalih 0,4 MHz), zato, če najdete eno postajo za lokalno območje in vam ni všeč, preprosto nastavite gor ali dol za 0,8 in poiščite drugo postajo vsa reža je zapolnjena).

Z veliko uvoženih rabljenih japonskih avtomobilov na Novi Zelandiji lahko naletite na takšnega z japonskim FM radiem, ki se giblje od 76–90 MHz namesto od 88–108 MHz kot ostali svet. Večina teh radijskih sprejemnikov je opremljena z "razširitvenimi pasovi", ki postajne frekvence spustijo za 12 MHz, tako da lahko na primer poslušate 91,8 FM, tako da na radiu nastavite na 79,8. Če želite poslušati postajo nad 102,0 (90,0), vam nima sreče.

TV

Brezžična digitalna prizemna televizija visoke ločljivosti ("HD") je na voljo 86% prebivalstva, večinoma v večjih mestih, preostali del države pa satelitsko digitalno televizijo s standardno ločljivostjo sprejema po satelitu . Poleg več kot ducat kanalov DTT po vsej državi obstaja tudi nekaj lokalnih in regionalnih kanalov ter več mrež s podnacionalno pokritostjo. Izbirni podnapisi, ki ljudem z okvaro sluha omogočajo, da bolje uživajo v televiziji, so običajno na voljo samo na TVNZ 1, TVNZ 2 in Tri.

Kabelska televizija ni dobro razvita, je pa široko dostopna v delih Wellingtona in Christchurcha. Satelitska plačljiva televizija je na voljo prek omrežja Sky. Večina hotelov in motelov ima nacionalne kanale, nekatere kanale Sky in karkoli drugega se predvaja v lokalnem območju.