Filipini - Philippines

The Filipini (Filipino: Pilipinas), uradno Republika Filipini (Republika ng Pilipinas), je arhipelag z več kot 7100 otoki v Ljubljani Jugovzhodna Azija med Filipinskim in Južnokitajskim morjem.

Država ima eno najdaljših obal na svetu s številnimi lepimi plažami in odličnimi potapljanje. Zaradi številnih otokov, številnih valov priseljevanja in mešanice tujih vplivov - država je bila španska kolonija od konca 1500. do 1898, nato ameriška do leta 1946 - in veliko mešanja kulturnih vplivov obstaja velika kulturna raznolikost. Desetletja bi trajala, da vse obiščete in doživite.

Mnogi domačini dobro govorijo angleško, večina ostalih pa vsaj nekaj angleščine. Hrana in prenočišča so poceni, številni kraji imajo odlično infrastrukturo, ljudje pa veseli in prijazni; morda najlažje prepoznate Filipinca v tujini, če vidite, kdo ima najširši nasmeh.

Filipini imajo počasi naraščajoče število obiskovalcev, vendar še naprej zaostajajo za svojimi sosedi, saj so v letu 2018 prejeli le 8 milijonov obiskovalcev, kar je le petina žrebanja Tajske, kljub 40-odstotnemu prebivalstvu. Zahodnjaki predstavljajo manjšino obiskovalcev; največ turistov je iz Kitajske, Koreje in Japonske. Turistično stisko večinoma izvira iz vstaj in kriminala, vendar večina delov države ostaja varna z zdravo pametjo.

Regije

Wikivoyage državo deli na štiri otoške skupine:

Upravni sistem filipinske vlade uporablja tri regije na najvišji ravni: Luzon, Visayas in Mindanao. Palawan obravnavajo kot del Mimaropa v regiji Luzon. Spodaj je 18 regij na nižji ravni, 80 provinc, 120 mest in številne podeželske občine. Najnižja upravna raven je barangay - podeželsko okrožje ali mestna soseska - in naslovi ali navodila na Filipinih pogosto vključujejo ime barangay.

Mesta

Filipini imajo približno 100 milijonov prebivalcev veliko mest. Spodaj je nekaj najpomembnejših mest za obiskovalce.

• 14.5833333333331211 Metro Manila - regija glavnega mesta je eno največjih mest na svetu in kraj velikih kontrastov, od ultra modernih stavb in premožnih četrti do barakarskih naselij, ki jih pestijo smeti in kriminal; njegovo onesnaženje, prometni zastoji in pomanjkanje zgodovinskih znamenitosti lahko odvrnejo obiskovalce, nasmejani, stoični in iznajdljivi ljudje ter osupljiva raznolikost kulture in zabave so njegova rešilna milost.
• 10.676458333333122.950916666672 Bacolod - zaradi festivala MassKara (špansko Máscara), ki poteka vsako leto 19. oktobra, je znano kot "Mesto nasmehov" in je eno od prehodov Otok Negros in dom slavnega piščanca Bacolod Inasal.
• 16.415166666667120.595594444443 Baguio - LuzonPoletna prestolnica se zaradi svojega hladnega vremena ponaša z dobro urejenimi parki in slikovitimi predeli ter je dom "Igorota", avtohtonih ljudstev Cordilleras.
• 8.4833333333333124.654 Cagayan de Oro - znano kot "Mesto zlatega prijateljstva", je priljubljeno za rafting po beli vodi in je prehod v severni Mindanao.
• 10.3123.95 Cebu - "Queen of the South" je bilo prvo špansko oporišče na Filipinih in je glavno središče trgovine, industrije, kulture in turizma; Metro Cebu je po metro Manila drugo največje urbano območje v državi.
• 7.0666666666667125.66 Davao - največje mesto na svetu glede na površino kopnega, je znano po svojem durijskem sadju in po svoji domovini Gora Apo, najvišja gora na Filipinih.
• 9.65123.857 Tagbilaran - znano kot najdišče Sandugo (krvni kompakti) med španskim konkvistadorjem Miguelom Lópezom de Legazpijem in Rajah Sikatuno, ki predstavlja prebivalce Bohol.
• 17.57472120.386948 Vigan - glavno mesto Ilocos Sur in a Unescova svetovna dediščina; njegovo mestno jedro je najboljši primer španske kolonialne arhitekture na Filipinih z dobro ohranjenimi tlakovanimi ulicami.
• 6.9166666666667122.083333333339 Zamboanga - znano kot "La Ciudad Latina de Asia" (azijsko latinsko mesto), je tališče med filipinsko krščansko in muslimansko kulturo, ponaša se s starimi mošejami, velikimi cerkvami in zgodovinskimi kolonialnimi strukturami.

Z morebitno izjemo Manile je Filipincem dokaj pogosto, da imenu mesta dodajo pripono "City", vendar se Wikivoyage raje izogiba temu, da bi to delovalo kot nepotrebno odvečno, razen kadar je nujna dvoumnost. Mesta, ki si s provinco delijo ime (vključno s prejšnjimi), so v Wikivoyage praviloma poimenovana kot [ime mesta] (mesto) (npr. Cebu City je Cebu (mesto)), zlasti kadar je v glavnem lokalna raba navadno preprosto, a dvoumno ime.

Druge destinacije

• 16.918611121.0591671 Banaue ima 2000 let stare riževe terase in ga Filipini imenujejo osmo čudo sveta, je na Unescovem seznamu svetovne dediščine. Ljudje so navdušeni nad neizmernim delom Igoroti pri tem.
• 13.8333333333331212 Batangas je rojstno mesto potapljanja na Filipinih s potapljaškimi kraji in plažami svetovnega razreda. Zaradi dostopnosti po cesti približno 2 uri od letališča Manila je priljubljeno destinacijo. To je dom Vulkan Taal in Taal mesto dediščine.
• 11.975121.92253 Boracay je 10 km dolg otok z belim peskom, eno najbolj znanih letovišč v državi.
• 11.195556119.40754 El Nido ima na ducate apnenčastih otokov, ki tvorijo osupljivo čudovito kraško topografijo, ki jo prežemajo kristalno čisti zalivi in ​​lagune, še vedno razmeroma neokrnjeni z množičnim turizmom
• 13.666666666667123.333333333335 Camarines Sur ima čudovite koralne grebene in obale črno-belega peska. Obiščite kompleks Camarines Sur Watersport in pojdite na smučanje na vodi.
• 12.916666666667123.66 Donsol ali je Whale Shark Capital sveta, se potapljajte in si oglejte kitovske morske pse.
• 11.333333333333124.116666666677 Malapascua Otok ima čudovito obalo z belim peskom in koralne vrtove.
• 13.5120.9541678 Puerto Galera na Mindoro, potapljaško destinacijo in tudi priljubljeno pobeg Filipinov v Svetem tednu zaradi belih peščenih obal in neverjetne flore.
• 14.1120.933333333339 Tagaytay, utrujen od starega prizorišča hrupne metropole Manile? Ali pogrešate hladno vreme? Tagaytay ponuja pogled na Vulkan Taal.
• 9.6123.8166666666710 Otok Panglao v Bohol Pokrajina kot letoviški otok z lepimi plažami. Preostali del pokrajine ima še druge znamenitosti, vključno z Chocolate Hills in divji tarsiers (drobni primati).

Poglej tudi UNESCO_World_Heritage_List # Filipini.

Razumeti

Z več kot 7.100 otoki in 300.000 km² (120.000 kvadratnih kilometrov) ozemlja, Filipini so drugo največje otočje, za bližnjo Indonezijo. Otoki so večinoma vulkanskega izvora, pokriti s tropskim deževnim gozdom in rodovitnimi tlemi, vendar je bil večji del deževnega gozda posekan. Teren se precej razlikuje, vendar imajo številne obale veliko zalivov in rtov, številni večji otoki pa imajo gorsko notranjost. Na obalah je tudi veliko koralnih grebenov.

Podnebje je tropsko, z nenehno visoko vlažnostjo in visokimi stabilnimi temperaturami, zato se pripravite na pogosto preobleko pod vročino vročine. Gorska območja so izjema od norme, precej zmerna z rahlo hladnimi temperaturami v hladni suhi sezoni od novembra do marca. V hladnih mesecih na gorskih območjih nastane zmrzal, sneženja pa ni, saj temperature nikoli ne padejo pod ledišče, vrhovi pa se ne dvignejo nad 4.000 m (13.000 čevljev).

Država ima težave, kot so kriminal, korupcija, revščina in notranji konflikti. Med filipinsko vlado in islamskimi separatisti v državi traja konflikt Mindanaoin s komunističnimi uporniki (Nova ljudska vojska) drugje. Prišlo je do prelivanja sovražnosti v velika mesta. Birokracija, podkupovanje in pretirano pokroviteljstvo, povezano s filipinsko birokracijo, so zmanjšani, vendar nekateri domačini še vedno ne zaupajo vladi. Kazniva dejanja in prepovedane droge so običajna, vendar se boste bolj verjetno srečali z njimi, če se odpravite na groba območja. Zahodne države odsvetujejo potovanja v državo zaradi varnostnih in varnostnih razlogov.

Kljub prvim vtisom o Filipinih kot razmeroma gospodarsko razvitih ostaja država v razvoju, ki se spopada z dohodkovno neenakostjo in revščino. Večina Filipincev se trudi živeti s čim manj ₱400–600 (približno 8–12 ameriških dolarjev od leta 2019) na dan, pa naj gre za kmeta, prodajalca ali posadko za hitro prehrano. The sosjalen (bogati ljudje) in novo bogastvopo drugi strani pa bodo videli, kako križarijo v svojih luksuznih avtomobilih, imajo varovane dvorce in otroke pošiljajo v zasebne šole. Nekateri brez dela se za preživljanje zatekajo k reketiranju ali hudodelstvu. Glavno mesto, Metro Manila, trpi zaradi razvpitih prometnih zastojev, barakarske kraje pa najdemo marsikje, včasih pa v popolnem nasprotju z nebotičniki v njegovih poslovnih okrožjih, kot je Makati. Gospodarska in politična centralizacija, ki jo kritiki pogosto imenujejo "Imperial Manila", ostaja vzrok za gospodarsko stisko v številnih provincah in vse več pozivov k regionalni samoodločbi. Kot pri ostalih Jugovzhodna Azija, Filipini so obkroženi tudi z nenadzorovanim razvojem, ki je povzročil širjenje urbanih naselij, pomanjkanje pešcev in invalidskih vozičkov na številnih lokacijah ter nenakupljene smeti.

Zgodovina

Prvi večji val naseljencev v Tihem oceanu je prečkal plitvo morje in kopenske mostove iz celinske Azije, začenši približno 70.000 pr. N. Št., Najstarejše najdišče doslej na Filipinih pa je Tabon Man na Palawan, približno 45.000 pr. Te so bile Melanezijski, predniki nekaterih Filipincev, večine Papuanov in vseh avstralskih staroselcev. Neposredni potomci teh ljudi, Negritos ali Aetas, je še vedno mogoče najti v Negros Oriental, severni Luzonin druga področja. Danes večinoma živijo v gorah, poznejši priseljenci pa so jih pregnali iz glavnih obalnih območij.

Nekaj ​​tisoč let pred našim štetjem so jim sledili Avstronezijski naseljenci, ki potujejo po isti poti, a tokrat po morju v svojih impresivnih balangay čolni. Ta beseda je ime filipinske politične institucije barangay je prišel iz. Avstronezijska etnolingvistična skupina vključuje Malejce, Indonezijce in Polinezijce, razširjena pa je vse do Havajev, Velikonočnega otoka, Nove Zelandije in Madagaskarja. Njegov izvor je stvar znanstvenih polemik. Izhaja iz ene široko razširjene teorije Tajvanin potovanje na jug do Filipinov. Druge teorije izvirajo iz južne Kitajske, na celini Jugovzhodna Azija ali v celinski Kitajski Kultura Liangzhu.

Današnja velika večina Filipincev je avstronezijskega porekla in jezikoslovci vse filipinske jezike uvrščajo med člane avstronezijske družine. Ker pa je bila tisočletja trgovska država, več sto kolonija in destinacija za turiste in upokojenci desetletja država vključuje potomce številnih drugih etničnih skupin. Največja manjšinska skupina so predvsem Kitajci Hokkien govorci, katerih družinsko poreklo je v Fujian provinca. Filipini jih imajo veliko religije, ki so ga večino predstavili različni trgovci ali vsiljivci; najpomembnejši so katoliški Krščanstvo in suniti Islam.

Pod špansko vladavino

Poglej tudi: Magellan-Elcanovo plovbo

Ko raziskovalec Ferdinand Magellan leta 1521 stopil na otok Homonhon, je bil prvi Evropejec, ki je prišel do arhipelaga. Njegovo posadko so gostoljubni otočani, ki so nosili dodelane tetovaže, pogostili. Magellan je bil Portugalec, toda španska ekspedicija, ki jo je vodil na otoke. Lapu-Lapu, domači poglavar Otok Mactan, se boril z Magellanom; domačini so zmagali in Magellana ubili.

Leta 1565 je prispela odprava pod vodstvom Miguela Lópeza de Legazpija, ki je zahtevala državo kot špansko kolonijo. Kolonija je bila poimenovana po španskem prestolonasledniku Filipu II. Večina domačinov je prešla v katolištvo. Nekateri muslimani na jugu in različna animistična gorska plemena pa so se upirali španskim osvajanjem in katoliški spreobrnitvi.

V času španske vladavine so galijoni prinesli velike količine srebra iz Acapulco do Manile, kar je močno vplivalo na trgovino v večjem delu Azije. Trgovina Manila Galleon je stopila v stik z Mehiko in preostalimi državami Amerike. Maji in Azteki so se naselili na Filipinih in predstavili svoje kulture, ki so jih sprejeli Filipinci. Na Filipine sta močno vplivali Mehika in Španija in otočje je postalo "hispanizirano". Filipini in drugi Azijci so trgovino z Manilskim galeonom uporabljali za selitev na Zahod.

Najdaljši upor proti španski kolonizaciji je leta 2004 vodil Francisco Dagohoy Bohol in to je trajalo 85 let, ki je zajemalo obdobje 1744-1829. Bilo je še nekaj drugih uporov; glej Filipinska revolucija za enega in Mindanao # Razumem za odpor muslimanov na jugu. V času španske vladavine so državo skušale kolonizirati tudi evropske sile, kot so Nizozemska, Portugalka in Britanka; nobenemu ni uspelo.

Filipini so ostali španska kolonija več kot 300 let, vse do leta 1899, ko jih je Španija po špansko-ameriški vojni odstopila ZDA.

Ameriška in japonska okupacija

Filipini so neodvisnost razglasili leta 1898 in se ameriški okupaciji upirali sedem dolgih, surovih let, dokler predaja ni zaključila okupacije Filipinov.

Vojna je bila v ZDA precej sporna in znani pisatelji so pretehtali na obeh straneh. Rudyard Kipling, Anglež, rojen leta Indija in zelo naklonjen Empireju, pozval Ameriko, naj "Prevzemi breme belega človeka" medtem ko je Mark Twain pisal "Združene države so plačale revni opustošeni stari Španiji 20.000.000 dolarjev za Filipine. Šlo je le za primer, da se je ta država odkupila v dobro družbo ... kot ameriška naslednica, ki je kupila vojvodo ali grofa. Sliši se dobro, ampak to je vse."

Ameriška prisotnost je ostala do druga svetovna vojna ko je Japonska napadla Filipine. Umikajoči se ameriški general Douglas McArthur je slavno obljubil, da se bom vrnil, in to kasneje v vojni. Na njem je spomenik Otok Leyte kje je pristal in razne druge vojne razvaline ali spomeniki po državi; Coron je znan po potapljanju v razbitinah, ker je ameriška mornarica leta 1944 tam potopila številne japonske ladje.

4. julija 1946 so ZDA ZDA dobile neodvisnost Filipini in postale prva država v Aziji, ki je postala neodvisna od kolonialne sile. ZDA so še naprej ohranjale pomembno vojaško prisotnost do začetka devetdesetih let, zlasti v mornariški bazi Subic leta 2007 Zambales in Letalska baza Clark v Angeles City. Oboje je bilo med Vietnamska vojna.

Obdobje po osamosvojitvi

Do šestdesetih let so Filipini na splošno veljali za drugo najbolj razvito državo v Aziji po Japonski. Nekaj ​​desetletij napačnega ravnanja pokvarjenega diktatorja Ferdinand Markos nato pa državo pahnil v globok dolg. Revščina se je razširila in infrastruktura za razvoj je močno primanjkovala. Leta 1986 je vstaja People Power strmoglavila vlado Marcosa med tako imenovano revolucijo EDSA. Zamenjal ga je Corazon Aquino, vdova umorjenega vodje opozicije, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino, ml.

Konec 20. stoletja je bila korupcija ena glavnih težav države. Država je v azijski finančni krizi leta 1997 nekoliko trpela; to je privedlo do drugega upora EDSA, ki je strmoglavil predsednika Josepha Estrado; na njegovo mesto je stopila podpredsednica Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (hči enega od nekdanjih predsednikov). Po izteku mandata leta 2010 je bil za predsednika izvoljen Benigno Aquino III (z vzdevkoma "Noynoy" in "Pnoy"), sin Corazon-a in Benigno Aquino-ml.

Sredi leta 2016 je bil izvoljen nov predsednik, Rodrigo Duterte. Bil je župan Ljubljane Davao, in si vzdevek "kaznovalec" prislužil s čiščenjem tolpe tolpe, ki je to mesto pestila v devetdesetih letih. Kritiki trdijo, da je to storil v veliki meri s spodbujanjem policije in nadzornikov k usmrtitvi članov tolpe brez sojenja. V predsedniški kampanji je obljubil, da bo očistil korupcijo in trgovino z mamili (zlasti shabu, lokalni izraz za kristalni metamfetamin, ki je resen problem v državi) in kritiki mu zdaj očitajo, da uporablja podobne taktike po vsej državi. Zahodni medijski viri so umrli približno 1000 na mesec, odkar je postal predsednik, čeprav številke niso niti natančne niti nesporne. 30. septembra 2016 je Duterte izjavil, da bi želel posnemati Hitlerjev holokavst z iztrebljanjem 3 milijonov uporabnikov drog in trgovcev v državi, zato je varno domnevati, da se bodo poboji nadaljevali, dokler bo na položaju. Kljub številnim obsodbam Zahoda Duterte ostaja priljubljen med Filipini, med katerimi se mnogi utrujajo, da bi se morali vsak dan spopadati s potiskači mamil in visokimi stopnjami nasilnih kaznivih dejanj, ter cenijo prizadevanja Duterte za reševanje teh težav.

Na gospodarskem področju so se stvari počasi izboljševale, Filipini pa so še vedno večinoma revna država. Po podatkih filipinskega statističnega urada je leta 2018 16,6% Filipincev imelo dohodek, ki ni bil zadosten za izpolnitev osnovnega živila in neživila potrebe. To bi pomenilo mesečni dohodek manjši od ₱10,727 za petčlansko družino. 5,2% Filipincev je imelo dohodek, ki ni bil dovolj za izpolnitev le osnovnega hrano potrebe, npr. mesečni dohodek za petčlansko družino manj kot ₱7,528. Te stopnje so se od leta 2015 izboljšale s 23,3% oziroma 9,1%.

Rast na Filipinih je počasna. Eden glavnih izvozov je delovna sila: približno 10% Filipincev živi v tujini, bodisi kot priseljenci bodisi kot pogodbeni delavci, nakazila teh ljudi pa predstavljajo več kot 10% BDP države.

Ljudje

Prebivalstvo Filipinov je leta 2015 preseglo 100 milijonov ljudi, s čimer je bila država druga največja v jugovzhodni Aziji, za Indonezijo, in osma v Aziji, pred Japonsko. Prebivalstvo je koncentrirano v regijah, kot je Metro Manila, Osrednji Luzon, Calabarzon, in Cebu. Večina prebivalstva je ob obalah, gorska območja pa so bolj redko poseljena.

Filipinci so večkulturno ljudstvo, ki prihaja iz več kot 175 etničnih skupin in plemen, večinoma jih določa jezik in so večinoma iz Avstronezijski porekla. Glede religije so Filipinci večinsko krščanski, s pomembnimi muslimanskimi in animističnimi manjšinami. Trgovanje, kolonizacija in globalizacija so prinesli tudi priseljensko prebivalstvo, ki bogati filipinski kulturni in etnični mozaik; obstaja veliko število Filipincev s kitajskimi, arabskimi, latinskoameriškimi, evropskimi in ameriškimi mešanicami,

Največje etnične skupine na Filipinih so Tagalogi (24,4%), Visayans (11,4%), Cebuanos (9,9%), Ilocanos (8,8%), Hiligaynon ali Ilonggos (8,4%), Bicolanos (6,8%) in Waray (4%). Preostalih 26,3% prebivalstva pripada muslimanskim filipinskim (moro) etničnim skupinam, Kapampanganom, Pangasinencijem, Ibanagu, Ivatanu in sto drugim etničnim skupinam ter avtohtonim ljudstvom in priseljencem. Avtohtona ljudstva, kot je Igorot iz Ljubljane Luzon Cordilleras, Mangyan iz Mindoro, Lumad iz Mindanao, in različni Negrito (Aeta/Ati/Ita) plemena, razpršena po arhipelagu, predstavljajo približno 3% prebivalstva.

Priseljenci predstavljajo približno 1-2% odstotka filipinskega prebivalstva, največji pa je Filipinsko kitajsko (~ 2 milijona). Večina kitajskih priseljencev na Filipine prihaja iz Fujian, čeprav je bilo kitajskih migrantov že v predkolonialni in kolonialni dobi. Medtem ko je večina filipinskih Kitajcev ostala ločena narodnost, se je vključila v splošno filipinsko kulturo, se poročila s Filipini in vodila uspešna poslovna podjetja. Druga večja populacija priseljencev so Američani, Indijci, Arabci, Japonci, Britanci, Korejci, Indonezijci in Španci.

Kultura

Filipini imajo raznoliko kulturo, ki meša vzhod in zahod; našli boste edinstveno mešanico lokalnih običajev, kitajskih tradicij, španske religioznosti, mačizma in romantike ter zahodnih idealov in popularne kulture. Ne obstaja nobena filipinska kultura same po sebi, obstaja pa več kot sto etničnih in regionalnih kultur; bodite pripravljeni na divje razlike v lokalni kulturi, ko vstopite v drugo regijo, otok ali provinco.

Filipinske lastnosti so stičišče mnogih kultur. Filipini so znani po bayanihan ali duh sorodstva in tovarištva, prevzet od njihovih avstronezijskih prednikov. Opazujejo zelo tesne družinske vezi. Rimokatolištvo prihaja iz Špancev, ki so bili odgovorni za širjenje krščanske vere po arhipelagu. Španci so uvedli krščanstvo in uspeli spreobrniti veliko večino Filipincev; danes je vsaj 80% katoličanov. Filipini so ena od le dveh držav v Aziji z večinskim rimskokatoliškim prebivalstvom (druga pa Vzhodni Timor).

Pristni in čisti izraz gostoljubja je značilna lastnost Filipincev, zlasti tistih, ki prebivajo na podeželju, ki so sprva videti zelo sramežljivi, a imajo velikodušen duh, kar se vidi v njihovih nasmehih. Gostoljubnost, lastnost, ki jo kaže vsak Filipinec, naredi te ljudi legendarne v jugovzhodni Aziji. Gostje bodo v filipinskih gospodinjstvih pogosto obravnavani kot licenčnine. To je najbolj očitno med fiestami, ko so tudi virtualni neznanci dobrodošli in jim je omogočeno, da se pogostijo tako, kot jih ima večina, če ne celo vsa gospodinjstva. Včasih je za to gostoljubnost krivda. Nekatera gospodinjstva porabijo celotne prihranke za svojo ponudbo fieste, včasih pa tudi zadolžijo samo zato, da imajo na svoji mizi razkošno hrano. Naslednje leto porabijo za plačilo teh dolgov in priprave na naslednjo fiesto. Vsekakor redko najdete takšne gostoljubne ljudi, ki uživajo v družbi svojih obiskovalcev. Mogoče so Filipini zaradi dolgega druženja s Španijo čustveni in strastni do življenja na način, ki se zdi bolj latinski kot azijski.

Turistom se morda zdi nenavadno, če opazijo latinski pridih v filipinski kulturi. V glavnem filipinska kultura je v primerjavi s preostalo Azijo precej hispanska in na površju zahodnjena. A kljub temu so Filipinci v bistvu avstronezijski in pod avtohtonim zahodnjaškim furnirjem so še vedno opazna številna avtohtona in predšpanska stališča in načini razmišljanja.

Filipini danes vodijo skupino Azijcev, ki dobro obvladajo angleščino, in angleščina velja za drugi jezik večine in materni jezik nekaterih. Ameriška okupacija je bila odgovorna za poučevanje Filipincev angleškega jezika. Približno 3 milijone še vedno govori špansko, vključno s špansko kreolo Chavacano. Španščina je bila na nekaterih šolah ponovno uvedena kot izbirni jezik.

Politika

Vlada Filipinov v veliki meri temelji na političnem sistemu ZDA Združene države. Predsednika Filipinov ljudje izvolijo neposredno in je hkrati šef države in vodja vlade. Predsednik je izvoljen vsakih šest let in lahko kandidira samo en mandat.

Politični sistem sledi večstrankarskemu sistemu. Na nacionalnem političnem prizorišču prevladuje devet političnih strank, med katerimi prevladujejo levosredinski, federalistični PDP-Laban (Partido Demokratiko Pilipino - Lakas ng Bayan), neoliberalna liberalna stranka in desnosredinska Združena nacionalistična zveza (UNA). tiste od leta 2016. V kongresu so tudi manjše stranke in v provincah manj pomembne regionalne stranke. Na večini položajev v lokalni upravi prevladujejo tudi glavne stranke.

Zakonodajalec je dvodomni kongres, ki ga sestavlja spodnji dom, znan kot Kapulungan iz Kitajske (Predstavniški dom) in zgornji dom, znan kot Senado (Senat). Oba doma izvolijo ljudje neposredno. Država je razdeljena na volilne enote za volitve spodnjega doma, medtem ko zgornji dom izvoli država kot celota na podlagi sorazmerne zastopanosti.

V politiki prevladujejo velike, močne družine, kjer se položaji prenašajo z enega družinskega člana na drugega, vendar se to po volitvah leta 2019 počasi spreminja. Korupcija ostaja še vedno močna, zlasti prek EU padrino sistem, ki je na filipinskem političnem prizorišču javna skrivnost. Padrino se pogosto prevede kot "Boter", sistem pa vključuje obsežno pokroviteljstvo in nepotizem. Politične demonstracije so tako kot v večini demokracij zelo razširjene, tudi politično nasilje je zaskrbljujoče, zlasti v volilnih obdobjih, ko se tekmujoče družine spopadajo, včasih celo do medsebojnega pobijanja.

Religija

Španci so katolištvo naredili skoraj povsod, Cerkev je še vedno zelo vplivna, Filipini pa so že stoletja največja azijska pretežno krščanska in katoliška država. Vendar pa že stoletja živi tudi znatno število muslimanskega prebivalstva, aktivni so bili protestantski misijonarji in v državi je zdaj že dobro uveljavljenih več protestantskih konfesij, nekaj privržencev pa je tudi v drugih azijskih religijah.

Filipini niso le največja krščanska država v Aziji, ampak tudi tretja največja rimskokatoliška država na svetu. Rimokatoliška vera ostaja največja zapuščina tristo let španske kolonialne vladavine. Na Filipinih katolištvo še vedno jemljejo povsem resno. Maše zbirajo množice, od največjih katedral v metropoli do najmanjših župnijskih kapelic na podeželju. V Velikem tednu se večina televizijskih postaj, ki oddajajo, zaprejo ali delujejo le ob določenem času, tiste, ki oddajajo verske programe.

Katoliška cerkev ima precej vpliva tudi na nereligiozne zadeve, kot so državne zadeve. Več pa se počasi spreminja; Filipini zdaj počasi sprejemajo tisto, kar je bilo prej tabu v zvezi z rimskokatoliško doktrino, kot so umetni nadzor rojstev, predzakonski spolni odnosi in razpustitev zakonskih zaobljub.

Največja verska manjšina so Musliman Filipini (Moros), ki živijo predvsem v Mindanao vse pogosteje pa tudi v mestih, kot so Manila, Baguio ali Cebu na severu in v osrednjih delih države. The Avtonomna regija v muslimanskem Mindanau (ARMM) nekaterim daje delno samoupravo. Predstavljajo približno 5% prebivalstva. Islam je najstarejša redno izvajana organizirana religija na Filipinih, s prvimi spreobrnitvami v 12. stoletju našega štetja. Islam je postal tako pomembna sila, da je bila Manila v času španskega prihoda v 16. stoletju muslimansko mesto. Številni vidiki te islamske preteklosti so vidni v nekaterih kulturnih potezah, ki jih mnogi običajni krščanski Filipini še vedno izkazujejo (na primer prehranjevalni in higienski bonton), kar je prispevalo k talilnemu loncu filipinske kulture. Teroristični napadi in nasilni obračuni med filipinsko vojsko in razdrobljenimi militantnimi islamskimi organizacijami, kot sta Abu Sayyaf in Moro Islamska osvobodilna fronta, so zaostrili odnose med muslimanskimi in nemuslimanskimi Filipini v južnih podeželskih delih države. Vendar so muslimanski Filipinci v svojih interpretacijah islama veliko bolj liberalni in so, tako kot Indonezijski muslimani, na splošno bolj sproščeni glede vprašanj, kot je spolna segregacija ali hidžab (tančica), kot muslimani zunaj jugovzhodne Azije.

Indijski Filipinci, Kitajci in Japonci, ki skupaj predstavljajo 3% prebivalstva, so večinoma hindujci, siki, budisti, šintoisti in taoisti. Te populacije so v državi stoletja pred špansko vladavino, številni vidiki budističnega in hinduističnega verovanja in kulture pa se prežemajo tudi v običajni kulturi krščanskih ali muslimanskih Filipincev.

Tako kot pri mnogih stvareh na Filipinih tudi religija ni tako jasna in opredeljena, kot kažejo uradne statistike, številni kristjani in muslimani pa tudi vadijo in verjamejo v avtohtone duhovne vidike (na primer časti naravnih božanstev in čaščenja prednikov, pa tudi obstoj čarovništva in zdravilcev), ki so v nekaterih primerih lahko v nasprotju z ortodoksnimi pravili njihove religije.

Podnebje

Podnebje je tropsko, povprečne temperature pa se gibljejo od 25 ° C (77 ° F) do 32 ° C (90 ° F), vlažnost pa je v povprečju približno 77 odstotkov. Filipine pogosto opisujejo kot samo dve sezoni, v severnem delu države pa so dejansko tri:

• The suha sezona običajno traja od novembra do maja, v nekaterih delih države, zlasti približno 12 stopinj severno od ekvatorja, pa je mogoče razdeliti na hladno in vroče obdobje:
  • The hladna suha sezona traja od novembra do februarja, od sredine januarja do konca februarja pa je najbolj kul. V gorah so temperature hladnejše, toda tudi nižinska območja lahko občutijo temperature pod 20 ° C, ko severovzhodni monsun (amihan) iz Sibirije je na polno, zato v tem času vzemite pulover ali lahko jakno, še posebej, kadar hodite ponoči. Ta sezona je najboljši čas za obisk, saj je vreme bolj suho, toda leti, izleti z ladjo in trajektom, avtobusi in nastanitve so ponavadi dragi in težki, zlasti v božično-novoletni sezoni.
  • The vroča suha sezona (poletje, marec - maj) so najbolj vroči meseci. Država postane mogočna s temperaturami, ki narastejo do 40 ° C (104 ° F), in indeksi vročine 50–60 ° C (122–140 ° F) niso redki, zlasti v celinskih krajih v Luzonu, kot je Kabanatujsko in Tuguegarao. Za odhod na plaže so temperature zelo zaželene, za oglede pa niso dobre. Cene letov, trajektov, avtobusov ali prenočišč v tej sezoni, zlasti na Veliki teden, hitro narastejo, zaradi velikega povpraševanja pa je rezervacija težka.
• The deževna sezona začne se junija in se razteza do oktobra z možnimi močnimi tajfuni. To tudi, ko je jugozahodni monsun (habagat) piha, kar prinaša dež, ki je značilen v tej sezoni.

Kraji približno 12 stopinj severno od ekvatorja imajo na splošno bolj tropsko podnebje, saj so resnično suhi in mokri, saj noben mesec v povprečju ne pade pod 20 ° C (68 ° F). Sušna sezona običajno traja od novembra do maja; mokra sezona od junija do oktobra. Obstaja nekaj možnih izjem, zlasti v bolj deževnih vzhodnih delih države (npr. Bicol, Samar in Leyte otoki), kjer so letni časi obrnjeni: oktober do april je najbolj deževen in najhladnejši, od maja do septembra pa najbolj suh.

Na lokacijah, ki so izpostavljene Tihemu oceanu, so vse leto pogoste padavine. Sem spada tudi mesto Pagsanjan jugovzhodno od Manile (čeprav vas bodo znani slapovi ne glede na to zmočili). Baguio, branded as the summer capital of the Philippines, tends to be cooler due to its being located in mountainous regions with temperatures at night going below 20 °C (68 °F). During summer, the country experiences droughts, sometimes with extreme conditions, from about March to May.

Weather in the Philippines is changeable, and as anywhere in the tropics, it can be sunny, rainy, or cool within a few minutes. In the mountains or in Luzon, the mercury can suddenly drop below 20 °C (68 °F) during the cool months, and in the Cordilleras (including Baguio), it can frost (but it doesn't snow). When the rain pours or the cool amihan blows, you're at high risk for the flu. Have a raincoat, umbrella, or light jacket ready depending on the season!

Prazniki

Christmas: The Filipino way A Christmas Parol Most Filipinos are devoutly Catholic; Christmas is celebrated from September till Epiphany. Go and have Nochebuena with a Filipino family; Filipinos don't mind strangers eating with them in their dining table as this is customary during fiestas. Poskusi hamon (Christmas ham) and queso de bola (Edam cheese). Caroling is widely practiced by the youth around the Philippines; they'll appreciate if you give them at least ₱5-10. Don't miss the Misa de Gallo and the nine-day Simbang Gabi (Night Mass). This tradition was passed down from the Spaniards; the Masses are usually held either at midnight or before dawn. After these Masses, Filipinos eat kakanin (rice cakes) and bibingka (rice pancakes), sold outside churches, and drink tsokolate (hot chocolate), or eat champorado (rice porridge with hot chocolate). Parols (Star of Bethlehem lanterns) are hanged in front of houses, commercial establishments and streets. A Giant Lantern Festival is held in San Fernando, Pampanga. Belens or Nativity scenes are displayed in city halls and/or commercial establishments. This is an experience one shouldn't miss if one is travelling in the Philippines. Glej Christmas and New Year in the Philippines za podrobnosti.

The Philippines is a multicultural country having Christian, Muslim and Buddhist holidays in addition to secular holidays. The year is welcomed by New Year's Day on 1 Jan. Being a predominantly Catholic country means observing the traditional Catholic holidays of Maundy Thursday (Huwebes Santo), Dober petek (Biyernes Santo ali Mahal na Araw) in Easter Sunday (Araw ng Pagkabuhay) during Holy Week (Semana Božiček). Med Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor), Boy Scouts re-enact the Bataan Death March every 2 years in honor of this day that is also known as Bataan Day; they march as long as 102 km (63 mi), and the Bataan Death March was part of the Battle of Bataan which was also part of the Battle of the Philippines. The Bataan Death March was a 102 km (63 mi) march and the people who participated in this march were captured, tortured and murdered. All Saints Day (Undas) is on 1 Nov and Dan vseh duš on 2 Nov. In recognition of the Muslim Filipino community, the Islamic feast of Eid-Al-Fitr (Hari Raya Puasa) held after the holy fasting month of Ramazan, is also a national holiday. This day changes year by year, as it follows the Islamic lunar calendar. Kitajsko novo leto is also celebrated by the Chinese community but dates vary according to the Chinese lunar calendar. Secular holidays include Dan dela (1 May) and Dan neodvisnosti (12 Jun). The last Monday of August is declared Dan državnih herojev. Some holidays also commemorate national heroes such as Jose Rizal (31 Dec) and Andres Bonifacio (30 Nov) as well as Ninoy Aquino (21 Aug) Božič is ubiquitously celebrated on 25 Dec.

Major holiday seasons are Holy Week (Semana Božiček, or Easter break), the three-day period including Dan vseh svetih (Undas, also a semestral vacation period for most schools) and Božič in Novo leto. During these periods, the country takes a week off for locals to head home for the provinces. They are the times where Metro Manila and other metropolises have no traffic jams, yet the congestion moves to the provinces, with snarls stretching kilometers at expressways being not uncommon, and finding flights, buses or boats being near-to-impossible. Nevertheless, Holy Week and Christmas season are also peak season for beachgoing, and highland cities like Baguio in Tagaytay get the most visitors during those periods.

Datumi

• New Year's Day (Bagong Taon): 1 Jan
• Chinese New Year: varies according to Chinese lunar calendar
• Maundy Thursday (Huwebes Santo): varies
• Good Friday (Biyernes Santo, Mahal na Araw): varies
• Easter Sunday (Araw ng Pagkabuhay): varies
• Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor): 9 Apr
• Labor Day (Araw ng mga Manggagawa ali Mayo Uno): 1 May
• Independence Day (Araw ng Kalayaan): 12 Jun
• Ninoy Aquino Day: 21 Aug
• National Heroes Day: Last Monday of August
• All Saints Day (Undas, Todos los Santos, Araw ng mga Patay): 1 Nov
• All Souls Day: 2 Nov
• Eid'l Fitr (Hari Raya Puasa): varies according to Islamic lunar calendar
• Eid'l Adha: varies according to Islamic lunar calendar
• Bonifacio Day: 30 Nov
• Feast of the Immaculate Conception: 8 Dec
• Christmas Eve: 24 Dec
• Christmas Day (Pasko): 25 Dec
• Rizal Day: 30 Dec
• New Year's Eve: 31 Dec

Festivali

Mesec	Festival	Kraj
Januarja	Ati-Atihan	Kalibo
	Sinulog	Cebu
	Dinagyang	Iloilo
Februarja	Panagbenga	Baguio
	Kaamulan	Bukidnon
Marec	Paraw Regatta	Iloiloand Guimaras
	Pintados de Passi	Passi, Iloilo
	Araw ng Dabaw	Davao
April	Moriones	Marinduque
Maj	Magayon	Albay
	Pahiyas	Lucban
	Sanduguan	Calapan
Junij	Pintados-Kasadyaan & Sangyaw	Tacloban
Julij	T'nalak	Koronadal
Avgust	Kadayawan	Mesto Davao
September	Peñafrancia	Naga
Oktober	MassKara	Bacolod
November	Zamboanga Hermosa (Feast of Our Lady of the Pilar)	Mesto Zamboanga
December	Binirayan	San Jose, Antique

Čas

The Philippines spans UTC time zone 8 (Philippine Standard Time or PST), which also covers Western Australia, central parts of Indonesia, Taiwan, all of China, Mongolia, and part of Russia (Siberia). As a tropical country, the Philippines does not observe daylight savings time.

The 12-hour clock is commonly used in both written and spoken form, while the 24-hour clock is more commonly used in some modes of transport and other specialist fields, e.g. ferry and flight schedules use the 24-hour clock.

Kultura

The culture of the Philippines is very diverse. There is the native Melanesian and Austronesian culture, which is most evident in language, ethnicity, native architecture, food and dances. There is also some influence from Arabia, China, India and Borneo. On top of that there is heavy colonial Hispanic influence from Mexico and Spain, such as in Religion, food, dance, language, festivals, architecture and ethnicity. Later influence from the U.S. can also be seen in the culture.

Preberite

Filipino literature is a mix of Indian sagas, folk tales, and traces of Western influence. Classical books are written in Spanish as well as in Tagalog, but to this day most of Filipino literature is written in English. The Philippines, thus, is a multi-cultural country with its roots stretching from Asia to Europe and to the Americas.

History, documentary

• Red Revolution by Gregg R. Jones (ISBN 0813306442 ) - Documentary about the guerrilla movement; New People's Army (NPA), in the Philippines.
• In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines by Stanley Karnow (ISBN 0345328167 ) - Shares the story of European and American colonization in the archipelago as well as the restoration of democracy after the overthrew of Marcos.

Literatura

• Noli Me Tangere by José Rizal
• El Filibusterismo by José Rizal
• Dekada '70 by Lualhati Bautista (ISBN 9711790238 ) - A story about a middle class Filipino family that struggled to fight with other Filipinos during the martial law during the time of Marcos.
• The Day the Dancers Came by Bienvenido Santos
• Amazing Archipelago by John-Eric Taburada

Pazi

The Filipino film industry is suffering because of its main rival, the Western film industry. In this 21st century only 40 films are produced each year; down from 200-300 films a year in the 1990s.

• Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Festival
• Cinemanila International Film Festival
• Filmski festival Metro Manila — held annually during the Christmas season, showcasing local films released during the festival month.

Poslušaj

Filipino music combines Asian, Western, Hispanic and indigenous influences, and is heavily influenced by Western pop music. Modern Filipino music is called original Pinoy music (OPM), and songs are usually written in Tagalog or English.

Traditional Filipino songs such as kundiman (nostalgic/poetic songs) are still held dearly by the population but are slowly losing influence among the younger generations.

Check out pop and rock groups such as The Eraserheads, Spongecola, Parokya ni Edgar, Gary Valenciano, Side A and Apo Hiking Society and Morisette Amon.

Pinoy Pop (PPop) is now increasing its popularity. That genre is inspired by Korean Pop or KPop. Check out the boy groups Alamat, SB19 and BGYO.

Govori

Poglej tudi: Tagalog phrasebook

"Philippine English" English in the Philippines is largely based on American English, but there are a few terms and expressions peculiar to the local dialect of English, including many borrowings or translations of words in the Philippine languages and some local coinages, senses and slang. Some "Philippine English" words you may encounter are: Jeepney - a type of transportation unique to the Philippines, and very common Tricikel - local three-wheeled transport Adidas (not capitalized) - chicken feet, similar to the Chinese dish but a bit different. Named after the brand of shoe for its association with feet. Apir - (from up here) high five Brownout - a blackout or power outage Comfort room (pogosto okrajšano kot CR) - toilet/restroom/water closet (WC) Vožnja - to take public transportation or travel without a car Seveda - in higher education, this can either refer to individual subjects (used mainly by faculty, academics or school officials) or an entire degree program (used mainly by students or outsiders) Entertain - to attend to someone else, particularly for transactions Hand-carry - carry-on luggage High-blood - angered easily or short-tempered Naloži - remaining balance or prepaid credits on a cell phone; re-load means to refill or top-up current balance Prtiček - tampons; female sanitary pads Nosebleed – (adjective) unable to understand or comprehend English due to strong foreign accents Ped xing (on highway warning signs) - pedestrian crossing Ref - short for refrigerator; fridge refers to the freezer part Rotunda - roundabout, traffic circle, or circular intersection. Borrowed from Spanish through Philippine languages Sleng - any strong of foreign English accent. Often used on foreigners or Filipinos brought up in Western countries. Slippers – flip-flops Tkivo - usually refers to toilet paper or table napkins Unli - short form for "unlimited"; many menu items include "unli-rice" English words has been borrowed into the Philippine languages and may be spelled more phonetically. Primeri vključujejo traysikel (tricycle) and pulis (police); both are pronounced much like the English words (through the former is more commonly spelled in its original spelling). Datumi are pronounced differently in Philippine English, with the day number pronounced using the cardinal number, so for example, June 12 (Independence Day in the Philippines) is pronounced "June twelve". "June twelfth" is also understood, but is often viewed as a formal, posh or foreign pronunciation.

The Philippines has two official languages: angleščina in Filipino. Both are used in education and most Filipinos speak at least some of both, though proficiency in either vary quite widely.

Filipino, the national language, is a standardized version of Tagalog, the language spoken around Metro Manila and much of southern and central Luzon. There are also dialects spoken in the southern Tagalog provinces, the most notable being the Batangas dialect with the catchy interjection ala eh and its vocabulary that continues to use words considered obsolete in most Tagalog dialects. While most Filipinos speak Tagalog, it can be seen as an inflammatory symbol of Tagalog "imperialism"; some Visayans still resent the elevation of Tagalog as the national language Filipino.

The Philippines has over 100 native languages, scattered throughout the country's regions and islands, though only a few regions and provinces have formally designated any of them as official or co-official (e.g. Ilocano is official in La Union). They are sometimes incorrectly referred to as “dialects” of Tagalog/Filipino, and some others (e.g. Karay-a in Panay) are sometimes treated as dialects of another native language with more speakers. Some of the other major indigenous languages of the Philippines aside from Tagalog are:

The Visayan languages (Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray and others) are spoken in the Visayas and most of Mindanao:

• Cebuano (also called Bisaya) is spoken in Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental, and much of Mindanao
• Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) is spoken in Iloilo, Negros Occidental, Guimaras and the SOCCSKSARGEN region of Mindanao
• Waray is spoken in the Samar and Leyte
• Tausug is spoken in Sulu

• Ilocano (also called Iloco) is the most commonly spoken language in northern Luzon, including Regija Ilocos, Kordiljere in Cagayan Valley.
• Bikol languages (or Bicolano) are spoken in Bicol at the southeast tip of Luzon, and are known for wild variation between dialects; neighboring cities and towns may even have mutually unintelligible dialects.
• Kapampangan, which is more closely related to the indigenous languages of Zambales than to Tagalog, is spoken mainly in the provinces of Pampanga in južni Tarlac. Kapampangan sounds like a Tagalog dialect, but it has a vocabulary and grammar that makes it a distinct language from Tagalog.
• Chavacano, a Spanish-based creole mixing elements of Spanish and Austronesian languages, is spoken by in Mesto Zamboanga, Basilan (vključno z Isabela City), and parts of coastal Cavite. While most of its vocabulary is from Spanish, the two are not mutually intelligible.

With the exception of Chavacano, most languages of the Philippines are part of the Austronesian languages, and are related to Malay, Indonesian, and most of the languages of the Pacific islands to most degree, and a speaker of any of them can recognize cognates. Many are heavily influenced by foreign languages like Spanish and English; most have loanwords from those, especially Spanish. Place names may follow Spanish spelling conventions (e.g. Tanjay, which is pronounced tan-high), and many are written using the Latin alphabet.

angleščina is an official language of the Philippines and is a compulsory subject in all schools. Most Filipinos of all ages speak English at varying degrees of fluency, and a few Filipinos consider English as their first language. You can get around with only English in most large cities and tourist areas, but having a basic grasp of Tagalog or a regional language is useful once you head into the provinces, as English proficiency is limited there. There is no single accent of English in the Philippines, but there are characteristic accents influenced by the speaker's mother tongue, such as the interchanging of e s jaz in o s u by speakers of Visayan languages when speaking in English. Strong accents associated with foreigners or expatriate Filipinos are often perceived as "slang" or posh by locals. Furthermore, more affluent Filipinos are generally discouraged from speaking English to less affluent ones (an exception is when going to parts of the Visayas where English is usually preferred over Tagalog-based Filipino).

Code-switching between English or any Philippine language is common, resulting in mixes like Taglish (Tagalog and English) and Bislish (Bisaya/Cebuano and English). Mixing of languages within a conversation or even a sentence is common, though it is discouraged by formal language teachers. An example of code-switching is shown below:

angleščina: Kako siI'm ok.

Tagalog: Kumusta ka na?Mabuti naman ako

Taglish: How are you na?Ok naman ako.

španski is no longer widely spoken, though many Spanish words survive in the local languages, and there are still up to half a million people who speak Spanish to varying degrees of fluency.

Other ethnic groups have brought new languages to the country, particularly in more urbanized areas like Manila. Ethnic Chinese brought along with them regional dialects like Hokkien, Cantonese and Mandarin; there is also a local variety of Hokkien called "Lan-nang" which is influenced by the Philippine languages, and Mandarin is also taught as an elective in schools. Korean and Japanese can be encountered in parts of large cities.

Filipino Sign Language (FSL) is the official sign language. It is the mutually intelligible with American Sign Language but not with British Sign Language, Auslan or other sign languages.

Many Filipinos speak multiple languages.

Foreign films and television programs (including English-language ones) shown in free-to-air TV channels broadcasting in the local languages are usually dubbed into Tagalog ("Tagalized"), with subtitles provided for any dialogue not dubbed. Foreign serials and films shown exclusively on pay-TV channels are shown in their original language unless the channel is specifically designed for dubbed shows. Films shown in cinemas are shown with original audio, and only dialogue not in English or Tagalog are subtitled in English. Newer Tagalog films are being provided with English subtitles, however, since some are being released internationally.

Topics in the Philippines  Bus travel in the Philippines  Christmas and New Year in the Philippines  Driving in the Philippines  Festivals and events in the Philippines  Filipino cuisine  National parks and protected areas of the Philippines  Filipinska revolucija  Shopping in the Philippines

Vstopi

As an mostly island nation separated by thousands of kilometers of seas, the Philippines is mostly reachable only by plane (even from within Southeast Asia), and while travel by sea is also available, they are limited to non-existent (and dangerous) and ports may have limited facilities for immigration and customs processing.

While Philippine bureaucracy is nowhere as cumbersome and corrupt since the end of the Marcos era, the catch is that most visitors can travel visa free or get a visa upon arrival at most ports of entry. Customs are relaxed, but the country is now strictly enforcing restrictions on bringing plants, animals, and food, and the obvious prohibitions on bringing in contraband.

Zahteve za vstop

Vizumi

Summary of Philippine visa policy Non-immigrant 9A: Temporary visitor visa (for tourism, business, or medical care). Valid for 30 days 9D: Foreign business visa. 9F: Student visa. 9G: Employment visa (along with Alien Employment Permit issued by the Department of Labor and Employment) TRV: Temporary resident visa SEVUA: Visa upon arrival. Valid 59 days. Immigrant 13: Quota immigrant visa 13A: Espousal visa (for foreign spouses and unmarried children of Filipino citizens) PRV: Permanent resident visa Poseben SVEG: Investor visa Foreign retiree visa

Nationals from most countries, including all ASEAN countries, can enter the Philippines without a visa for up to 30 days, or obtain a visa on arrival for up to 59 days, as long as they have a return or onward ticket as well as passports valid for a period of at least six months beyond the period of stay. Exceptions to this rule are as listed below:

• Nationals of Brazilija in Izrael may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 59 days.
• Nationals of Hong Kong in Macau - including permanent residents of Macau who hold Portuguese passports - may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 14 days.
• Nationals of the People's Republic of Kitajska traveling as tourists and holding a valid visa issued by Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States or a Schengen Area state may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 7 days.
• Nationals of Tajvan holding passports with National ID numbers or Resident Certificate may apply for the eVisa.
• Nationals of Indija holding a valid tourist, business or resident visa issued by Australia, Canada, Japan, Singapore, the United Kingdom, the United States or a Schengen Area state may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 14 days.

Citizens of all other countries not listed above need to apply for a visa at a Filipino diplomatic mission prior to departure.

Temporary visitor (9A) visas valid for 30 days are straightforward to obtain for most travelers. If intending to stay beyond 30 days, you may apply for a visa extension at the Bureau of Immigration (BI) which have offices in most main cities and at Manila and Cebu airports . Extensions are granted up to a maximum of six months per time. You can keep getting visa extensions up to a stay of 3 years, after which foreign nationals wishing to stay longer must go out of the Philippines and then come back to start anew.

The 1st visa extension got within the Philippines at a BOI office is from 30 days up to 59 days and cost ₱3130. The cost of a 29-day visa extension at Cebu airport is ₱3000. You could also get a 59-day tourist visa from any Philippine embassy around the world for US$30-40, but you must go to the embassy twice as the visa take 2-3 working days to get.

If you overstay, you must pay on departure a fine of ₱1000 per month of overstay plus a ₱2020 processing fee.

Airlines may refuse to let you check in if you only have a one-way ticket to the Philippines due to immigration requirements. Cebu Pacific Air will require a printed copy of an onwards "itinerary receipt" at check in. If you want to risk not having an onwards ticket, try to check in early to allow yourself time to buy a ticket at an Internet cafe or ticket desk in the airport if the airline refuses to check you in.

If you intend to stay beyond the 3 years on a temporary visitor visa, consider applying for either a temporary resident visa (TRV), a permanent resident visa (PRV), or a quota immigrant (13) vizum. This is possible if you are married to a Filipino citizen, and/or if your home country has an immigration reciprocity agreement (which if there is none, you must apply for a TRV).

Alien registration and the Balikbayan program

If you intend to stay in the Philippines beyond 59 days with anything other than a visa upon arrival or an extended temporary visitor visa, you must register for an Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR) card, which costs US$50 with an additional processing fee of ₱1000. You must provide photocopies of your passport and issued visas, a 2x2 photo, and related documentation. The card is mandatory (as an additional fee) if you apply for a foreign business, student, work, or immigrant visa, and must be renewed every year. If you damaged or lost your card, have amended personal information, or placed wrong personal details, you must pay US$20 for a replacement, with a processing fee of ₱500 (₱1000 if replacing a lost card).

In addition, if you stay at any private residence (including apartments or condominium units), you must register your abode on the barangay of residence by obtaining a Barangay Certificate of Residence within 24 hours of your arrival, but this is not required for short-term travelers.

Under the "Balikbayan Program", former Filipino citizens who have been naturalized in a foreign country may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to one year. If eligible, you must prove your previous Philippine citizenship by presenting an old Philippine passport, birth certificate, or foreign naturalization documents. However, you may not have to present these documents to the immigration officer, as usually it is sufficient to speak any Filipino language, appear Filipino, and/or show the foreign passport if it indicates that you were born in the Philippines. If your Balikbayan status is granted, the immigration officer will annotate your passport for a one-year stay. Your spouse and children may also avail themselves of the Balikbayan privilege, as long as they enter and leave the Philippines together with you. If you choose to reside permanently, you can reacquire Filipino citizenship by taking the Philippine oath of allegiance, and your children (under 18), including illegitimate or adopted children, will automatically acquire Filipino citizenship.

Arrival and customs

Filipini fingerprints and photographs visitors upon arrival and departure as part of the immigration process. These fingerprints may make their way into the databases of other countries' authorities. Those under 18 are exempted.

You must fill up an arrival card at the port of entry and is presented to immigration, where you will provide your reason for travel and your contact details (home/hotel address, phone numbers, emails). If arriving by plane, the arrival card is in the same sheet as the customs declaration form.

Upon departure, you must fill up also a departure card, which is basically the same as the arrival card, but is a small square sheet of paper that omits the customs declaration form and contact info section.

Carina are mostly relaxed with the general restrictions on duty-free items: you can bring up to 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of alcohol, reasonable amounts of perfume, and 200 sticks (often one carton with 10 packs containing 20 sticks) of cigarettes or 50 cigars or 100 g of tobacco.

You can import or export ₱10,000, or any foreign currency equivalent to $10,000 (about ₱500,000 in 2019) without restriction, but anything in excess must be declared to customs and authorized by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP). Checks above those amounts are also covered by the same rules.

The Philippines now enforces strict restrictions on bringing in any animal and plant products (in particular unprocessed fruits, vegetables, meat and fish), and you must declare any of them to both Bureau of Customs (BOC) and Department of Agriculture (DA) officials, or they will be confiscated. Processed or packaged foods are usually exempted. If you bring pets, they must be dewormed and vaccinated against rabies, and be declared to customs as well. All products from endangered species are confiscated.

You must declare also any CDs, DVDs, and electronics (including cell phones) in your checked baggage; items in carry-ons are often rarely checked, but can be subject to random inspection. Importing pornography, dangerous drugs, pirated or counterfeit goods and hazardous chemical products is prohibited. If you intend to bring firearms for certain purposes, such as recreational shooting, expect going through paperwork to secure a Permit to Carry and additional permits.

Illegal drugs: visitors and transiting passengers must expect hefty fines for carrying small amounts of drugs and paraphernalia, or 20 to 40 years in prison and deportation for larger amounts.

For a comprehensive guide on what and what not to bring on your baggage, see the Regulated/Restricted and Prohibited Importations at the Bureau of Customs website.

Philippine customs officers are fairly notorious for corruption, but this is slowly changing; travelers cannot get away with not declaring any restricted items or contraband on checked baggage, with inspections using X-ray scanners and random checks using K-9 dogs. If you get caught, expect fines and possibly a jail term, deportation and/or being blacklisted by immigration).

Z letalom

Although the Philippines is an archipelago, most visitors arrive by plane. If you live in an area with a large Filipino population, check out travel agencies catering to overseas Filipinos which often have fares keener than those generally advertised.

Flag carrier Philippine Airlines, and low-cost carriers Cebu Pacific in AirAsia are the major airlines in the country; all offer both international and domestic flights. Many other airlines operate international flights to the Philippines, and there are several smaller domestic carriers including some that use seaplanes or helicopters to reach destinations without an airport.

What to pay when leaving the Philippines? Airports terminals in the country have a terminal fee which is now included in the ticket price. For all airports the terminal fees for mednarodni leti are now included in the ticket price. Some Filipinos and all foreigners who have been in the Philippines for more than one year are required to pay a travel tax of either ₱2700 if flying first class or ₱1620 for business or economy class. The tax is collected at a designated counter before check-in. In some cases the travel tax is included in the ticket price; check first and ask before paying. Foreign nationals and balikbayans (former Filipino citizens) who are staying in the Philippines for less than one year are exempt from paying the travel tax, as are overseas Filipino workers (OFW), Filipino students studying abroad, infants and employees of government or international agencies on official business. Reduced rates are available for minors (under 12 years), dependents of OFWs (under 21 years) and journalists on assignment.

If you plan to travel around the various islands, it may be best to get an open jaw ticket; this can save much time back-tracking. Most open-jaw ticket combinations fly into Manila and out of Cebu or vice versa. It might also be possible to get a ticket with a stopover; for example Silk Air (part of Singapore Airlines) fly Singapore-Davao-Cebu and it would be worth asking if you can have a few days in Davao without a change in fare.

Most visitors entering the Philippines will fly in through the Mednarodno letališče Ninoy Aquino(NAIA) (MNL ^IATA) v Metro Manila. Traveling through Manila airport used to mean long delays, difficult transfers between terminals and sometimes corrupt officials. It has improved greatly, but some visitors still choose to avoid flying through Manila, There are two main alternatives:

• Mednarodno letališče Mactan-Cebu (CEB ^IATA) v Metro Cebu is the Philippines' second-busiest airport. It is in the center of the country, closer to destinations in the Visayas ali Mindanao than Manila is.
• Clark Airport (CRK ^IATA) v Angeles City 85 km north of Manila is a popular hub for low-cost carriers serving Manila, although a few full-service carriers serve the airport as well.

Manila, Cebu, Davao, and Clark are the country's main hubs for domestic flights. You can arrive at any of these airports and expect to reach more-or-less anywhere in the country reasonably easily.

Other airports around the country also have international flights.

• Mednarodno letališče Francisco Bangoy (DVO ^IATA) v Davao is served by Silk Air from Singapur, and Cathay Dragon from Hong Kong.
• Mednarodno letališče Kalibo (KLO ^IATA) v Kalibo, Aklan (blizu Boracay). AirAsia has flights to Seul in Busan in South Korea, and Cebu Pacific from Hong Kong and Seoul . Other airlines also have scheduled flights to Kalibo from points in South Korea, China and Taiwan.
• Mednarodno letališče Iloilo (ILO ^IATA) v Iloilo is served by Cebu Pacific, with flights from Hong Kong in Singapur.
• Mednarodno letališče Puerto Princesa (PPS ^IATA) v Puerto Princesa, Palawan ima neposredne lete iz Tajpej on Tiger Air Taiwan.
• Panglao AirportOZNAKA ^IATA v Bohol

As of mid-2019, several other cities have new airports being planned or under construction, so the list is likely to become longer in the 2020s.

Moj čoln

• Aleson Shipping Lines has a ferry to Zamboanga from Sandakan, Malezija. Schedule departs Zamboanga every Monday and Thursday noon. Ekonomski razred ₱2700 per way. Cabin ₱3100 per way.

This route may be dangerous; see warnings at Otoki Sulu in Polotok Zamboanga.

Obiti

The country's vast archipelagic nature make travel by plane and boat very important for most visitors, especially between major cities. The country is quite large, especially with also the water counted, and its geography and population patterns mean that seemingly short distances, especially on land, may take more time to travel than you would expect.

Do what Filipinos do, and try to "commute" or take public transportation as possible. That said, travel by car or motorcycle is still an interesting way to discover the Philippines and find places off the beaten track, if you're bold to face the rather shocking situation on Philippine roads.

Finding your way

Philippine addresses follow the Western system, but often have a lot more information, and directions or landmark details (e.g. opposite the high school, near the church/police station/barangay hall) are often provided. Street names exist, but they become less common as you get into the countryside, and the intersecting street is often included (e.g. Rizal Avenue cor. Mabini Street). Rural addresses may only have the barangay name, and the way to find them will be provided in parentheses. Most addresses should have the barangay (the smallest unit of local government in the Philippines) listed, but in some large cities (e.g. Manila), the district name is provided instead, and the barangay name would not be used if it is just a number, letter, or an alphanumeric combinations (usual in some city or town centers, often called poblacion areas, and some big cities like Pasay in Kalookan). Subdivisions, which can be a named neighborhood within an urban barangay or a gated community, may have houses numbered by the block and lot number instead.

Part of almost any Filipino address is the barangay (okrajšano kot Brgy.), the lowest government unit of administration. The word may have come from balangay — the type of boat that Austronesian settlers arrived on — or from Spanish barrio, which it replaced as the official term in the 1970s. Some barangays are divided into sitios ali puroks, or smaller communities (sub-villages) or hamlets, especially in rural areas where settlements are scattered in far flung communities. In urban areas, most barangays no longer have sitios/puroks but contiguous residential subdivisions or communities. Urban barangays play the role that neighborhoods or districts would in another country, and tend to have small land area but large population. Rural barangays are about like townships or counties elsewhere, and often cover a large area.

If you take a taxi, jeepney or tricycle, ask for directions in advance. Filipinos will ask fellow locals, drivers, shop owners, or cops for the nearest landmark or building characteristics; doing the same will help you get around better.

• Barangay halls may have detailed maps of an area, which should indicate the main roads or streets and major landmarks. Aside from local police, you can also ask barangay tanods (village watchers) stationed in roadside outposts, but their directions can be vague to useless, and they may have limited English skills depending on the area.
• Google zemljevidi works well in large cities and even rural areas, and provides turn-by-turn navigation and traffic information, but coverage is messy depending on place (with many places ending at odd spots due to the system misinterpreting addresses), and barangays are often not shown in addresses. Bus, train, and ferry schedules can also be found through Maps, but schedules for buses or ferries are hardly reliable, and transit directions are good only for planning your route.

Z letalom

Flight delays Flight delays can occur due to technical problems at major airports around the Philippines. If bad weather or smog accumulates throughout the day, so does the backlog of flights and this can cause a 2–3-hour delay in your domestic flight. If you have a separately ticketed flight on a continuing journey, or plan to fly out the next day, then you might want to consider flying earlier rather than later, that way you have plenty of time to relax, transit or make your hotel reservation for the night.

Since the Philippines is an archipelago, the easiest way to move between islands is by plane. Philippine Airlines (and its regional carrier, PAL Express), Cebu Pacific (and its regional carrier, Cebgo) in Philippines AirAsia have significant domestic operations, linking many major towns and cities. There are also several smaller carriers which serve resort destinations (such as Amanpulo in Palawan), as well as more remote destinations. While most cities are served by jet aircraft, some destinations are served by propeller-driven planes.

The route networks of most local airlines are heavily centered around Manila, Cebu, and Clark: flying between domestic points usually entails having to transit one of those cities, although direct flights between other major cities are slowly being introduced. Reaching Sulu and Tawi-Tawi by air is a special case: travelers must fly through Mesto Zamboanga.

A significant majority of domestic flights in the Philippines are operated by low-cost carriers and are consequently economy-only: PAL is the only airline to offer business class on domestic flights. This does not mean however that fares are affordable: domestic seat sales are a common feature throughout the year, and all major airlines regularly offer promo fares on their websites. However, fares increase significantly during major peak travel seasons (particularly during Christmas, Holy Week and Undas), and in places served by only one airline (such as Camiguin ali Marinduque), fares also increase during major provincial or town fiestas. Flights are frequently full during peak travel season, so it is advisable to book well in advance. Local airlines have regular "seat sales", advertising cheap fares for flights to domestic destinations. Nekatere vozovnice, rezervirane med prodajo sedeža, pa se lahko uporabljajo le na datume, ki so šele po koncu prodaje (včasih tudi do enega leta po prodaji), oglaševane vozovnice pa običajno izključujejo državne davke in doplačila za gorivo.

Potniki, ki odhajajo na domačih letih iz Letališče Clark mora plačati a ₱150 terminalna pristojbina pred vstopom na območje pred odhodom; vsa druga letališča na Filipinih (vključno z NAIA) imajo v vozovnici vključeno pristojbino.

Na filipinskih letališčih je varnost tesna, zato si zagotovite dodaten čas za kopenske kontrolne točke. Vozila varnostno preverijo pred vstopom na letališče, prtljago pregledajo na vhodu v terminal in potniki gredo skozi detektor kovin. Zemljišče na filipinskih letališčih je običajno prepovedano za potnike.

Z avtobusom

Glavni članek: Potovanje z avtobusom na Filipinih

Avtobusi so poceni in učinkovit način potovanja na Filipinih po kopnem in pokrivajo večji del države.

Pokrajinski avtobusi so široko dostopni in vključujejo prevoz do manjšega mesta ali mesta, ki je oddaljeno več kot 50 km (31 milj) od velikega mesta, storitve mestnih avtobusov, ki se ustavijo praktično pri vseh barangajih in majhnih mestih na poti, in medkrajevne proge na dolge razdalje ( ki lahko vključuje vožnjo s trajektom, ki je lahko vključena v ceno vozovnice ali ne). Avtobusi, ki prihajajo iz mest z vozlišči, kot so Manila, Cebu ali Davao, so ponavadi boljši, s klimatsko napravo, trdimi sedeži in pogostimi odhodi.

Ni avtobusnih podjetij, ki bi pokrivala celo državo, obstaja pa več kot sto avtobusnih prevoznikov, ki opravljajo provincialne storitve različnih velikosti. Največja avtobusna podjetja so Victory Liner, Pet zvezdic (sestrska družba Victory Liner), Philtranco, in Skupina Yanson, ki pokrivajo večji del države, upravljajo več hčerinskih družb ali blagovnih znamk ter imajo dobro evidenco o storitvah in varnosti.

Pokrajinski avtobusi so na voljo v petih razredih: navadni, klimatizirani, luksuzni (izvršni), super luksuzni in luksuzni. Razkošje za dolga potovanja med velikimi mesti so priporočljivi avtobusi s široko ležečimi sedeži (ali celo posteljami), stranišči in zasloni za osebno zabavo, cene vozovnic pa so običajno enake letalskim prevoznikom. Vsakdanji avtobusi tujim potnikom praviloma niso priporočljivi; niso klimatizirane, bolj gneče in manj varne, zato se morate spoprijeti z nadležnim vedenjem, kot so ljudje, ki pljuvajo iz odprtih oken.

Mestni avtobusi so redki in le Manila, Cebu in Davao imajo mestne avtobuse. Naročijo jih zasebnim avtobusnim podjetjem, ki jih upravlja tranzitna agencija, vendar upoštevajo ceno, ki jo določi nacionalna vlada. Avtobusi so pogosteje enaki tistim, ki jih vozite po provincialnih poteh, vendar se počasi uvajajo nizkopodni avtobusi. Manila in Cebu imata tudi letališke avtobuse in luksuzne ekspresne avtobuse (blagovne znamke Od točke do točke ali P2P, ki služi tudi provincialnim mestom).

Večina avtobusov bo imela vodnika, ki potnikom poleg pobiranja vozovnic in prebijanja vozovnic pomaga. V pomoč so, vendar so tujcev manj vajeni kot letalsko osebje.

Vstopnice lahko kupite v avtobusu prek sprevodnika, na terminalu ali prek spleta (prek spletnega mesta podjetja ali portala za rezervacije), vendar so uporabne samo za eno potovanje.

Avtobusna potovanja na Filipinih lahko trajajo več kot dve uri in bodo vključevala postanek v obcestni restavraciji ali servisnem območju, ki je običajno povezano z avtobusno družbo ali je v njej partner. Stranišča so vedno bolj opremljena z avtobusi, ki se uporabljajo na dolgih progah, starejši avtobusi pa ga morda nimajo.

Na krov lahko pripeljete ročno prtljago, težko do 10 kg (22 lb) in vse težje od tega gre v tovorni prostor. Domače živali se lahko prevažajo na krovu v odobrenih kletkah, vendar je to odvisno od pravil podjetja. Politike glede hrane in pijače se razlikujejo, vendar so na splošno dovoljene pri provincialnih službah, če niso neurejene. Kajenje na krovu in na terminalu ali postajališču je prepovedano.

Mesta in mesta imajo običajno eno ali več osrednjih avtobusnih postaj, tako v državni lasti kot v družbi. Velike avtobusne postaje lahko delujejo kot letališče: vozovnice morate predhodno kupiti in ob vstopu v odhodno območje opraviti varnostni pregled, na avtobus pa se vkrcati skozi vrata, prikazana na informativnih tablah. Majhne avtobusne postaje so lahko le nekaj betona ali umazanije z osnovnimi potrebščinami.

Tujce v avtobusih vidijo redkeje, zato pričakujte, da boste izpostavljeni običajnim neprijetnim vedenjem, kot so pljuvanje in glasni pogovori ter druge sitnosti, kot so glasen zvok in ljudje, ki imajo na krovu vso svojo težko prtljago. Kljub temu vožnja z avtobusom ponuja priložnost za interakcijo z domačini in izkušnjo filipinske kulture.

Z vlakom

Poglej tudi: spalni vlaki

The Filipinske nacionalne železnice (PNR), državno železniško podjetje, vozi vlake znotraj Luzon. Železniško omrežje sega v osemdeseta in dvajseta leta 20. stoletja, vendar je od osemdesetih let propadlo in zanemarjalo in šele v 20. letih se je vlada zavezala k sanaciji, obnovi in ​​razširitvi sistema s finančno in tehnično pomočjo Japonske in Kitajske.

Luzon ima eno medkrajevno železniško progo, ki vozi med Manilo in mestom Legazpi v Bicol regiji, vendar storitve čez noč, kot je Bicol Express in Mayon Limited so začasno ukinjene od leta 2015, v Ljubljani pa le mestne in regionalne storitve Metro Manila, Lagunain Bicol delujejo od leta 2019.

PNR vlaki za dolge razdalje so na voljo v štirih razredih: spalni (samo v Bicol Expressu), delux / izvršni (samo v popolnoma klimatizirani Mayon Limited), klimatizirani (z vrtljivimi naslonjali) in navadni (klopi in 3 -3 sedežev iz oči v oči, samo v običajnih Mayon). Vozniški in regionalni vlaki so na voljo samo v enem razredu, bodisi klimatizirani bodisi navadni, imajo sedežne klopi in stoječe prostore ter prvi avto, rezerviran za ženske, starejše in invalide.

Z avtom

Glavni članek: Vožnja na Filipinih

Ceste na Filipinih se po kakovosti zelo razlikujejo od asfaltiranih večpasovnih hitrih cest v Luzonu do ozkih makadamskih cest oddaljenih gorskih območij, kar lahko oteži potovanje z avtomobilom. Večina glavnih avtocest ima dva do štiri pasove in je običajno tlakovana z asfaltom ali betonom, čeprav so ceste z več kot štirimi pasovi, ki so pogosto razdeljeni, pogoste v bližini večjih mest. Razporeditev ulic v večini mest se od španske kolonialne dobe nikoli ni spremenilo, ceste pa so tam pogosto ozke, z veliko slepih vogalov. Cestni atlasi in zemljevidi so na voljo v knjigarnah po vsej državi in ​​so v veliko pomoč pri vožnji, zlasti če vozite sami.

Tuja vozniška dovoljenja so na Filipinih pravno veljavna do 90 dni po prihodu, nato pa je potrebno filipinsko vozniško dovoljenje. Morda bi bilo dobro imeti pri sebi tudi potni list, ki dokazuje, da je bil vaš zadnji vstop na Filipine pred manj kot 91 dnevi.

Avtomobilski promet na Filipinih poteka po cesti prav, velika večina prometnih znakov pa je v angleščini, nekaj pa v filipinskem jeziku. Cestni znaki so mešanica ameriških in evropskih standardov. Cestne oznake so ponavadi bele, enake kot v večini Evrope, razen za proge, ki ne vodijo, ki uporabljajo rumeno, kot v večini Amerik. Čeprav ima večina glavnih avtocest dobre oznake in oznake, je na splošno manj pogosto v mestnih in manjših cestah, bolj pa na podeželskih cestah v najrevnejših regijah.

Z motorjem

Motocikli in skuterji (lahko jih imenujemo moto v filipinski angleščini) so v državi izredno pogoste, večinoma japonske blagovne znamke in nekatere filipinske blagovne znamke, kot je Rusi. Večina jih je v razponu od 125 do 200 cm3. Na voljo so za najem (običajno približno ₱300 na dan) v številnih mestih in na turističnih območjih, za dolgoročne obiskovalce pa je običajno, da ga kupijo.

Vožnja z motociklom tu ni za prizadeto osebo in motociklisti so dokaj pogosto ubiti, predvsem zaradi nevarnih vozniških navad, kot sta vožnja v pijanem stanju ali nezakonito prehitevanje. Glej Vožnja na Filipinih.

Obstaja nacionalna zakonodaja, ki zahteva čelade, vendar se ne izvaja dosledno v vseh regijah.

Motoristični taksiji

Motoristični taksiji (habal-habal) so na voljo, vendar ostajajo nezakonite in neurejene od leta 2020. Ponekod, kot npr Samal, so edina možnost prevoza, čeprav skoraj vsi ne bodo imeli dovoljenja. Števcev ni; dogovoriti se morate za ceno, nekateri vozniki pa bodo poskusili turistom previsoko zaračunati ali pa se jim zdi, da so upravičeni do česa dodatnega, ker želite biti edini potnik, kjer bi lahko prevažali dva ali celo tri Filipince. Če imate izbiro, bodisi tricikel ali jeepney bosta običajno varnejša in udobnejša.

V velikih mestih je mogoče pozdraviti a habal-habal prek aplikacij, kot je Angkas in GrabBike. Storitve, ki jih imenujejo aplikacije, imajo usposobljene in usposobljene voznike, ki jih je mogoče prepoznati po uniformi z imenom podjetja.

S taksijem

Cene taksijev Večina taksistov danes ljudem zaračunava vozovnice, ki ne temeljijo na števcih, zlasti v konicah. Če naletite na to, da rečete "ne", in rečete, da vozniki nimajo pravice, da vam dajo dvojno ceno in ne glede na števce, to običajno naletijo tako turisti kot Filipini iz srednjega razreda elitnega razreda. Če se to zgodi, izstopite iz taksija, grozite vozniku, da boste poklicali policijsko telefonsko številko;Filipinska nacionalna policija (PNP) 63 2 722-0650 začnite klicati svoj mobilni telefon, da bo verjel, da kličete policijo ali da pokličete MMDA(Vroča linija (Metro Manila Development Authority); 136 če ste v Manili, lahko na 2920 pošljete tudi policijo in sporočilo mora biti naslednje; PNP (presledek) (sporočilo) za vaše pritožbe. Nekateri taksiji imajo števce, ki oddajajo potrdila; prosite za potrdilo, če ga imajo.

Taksiji so običajno na voljo v večjih mestih, vendar se običajno ne uporabljajo za potovanja po različnih provincah in regijah.

Ko kličete taksi v mestih, preverite, ali je števec vklopljen, in plačajte merjeno ceno. Nasvet ₱10 sprejemljivo. Poskrbite tudi, da imate kovance in račune z majhnimi apoeni, saj vozniki pogosto trdijo, da nimajo drobiža, da bi dobili večjo napitnino, v jutranjih obdobjih pa mnogi vozniki kot plačilo sprejemajo le kovance (pazite na vseprisotne Barya lang po sa umaga znak ali nalepka)! Poleg tega ne bodite presenečeni, če bodo vozniki želeli mimo števca ob prometni konici. Večina taksijev ima zastavo nižjo ₱40 z vsakim stroškom 300 metrov ₱3.50 medtem ko so taksiji z rumenim taksijem dražji s stopnjo zastavitve ₱70 z vsakim stroškom 300 metrov ₱4 (April 2011).

Taksi lahko rezervirate z mobilnimi aplikacijami, ki podpirajo GPS, kot sta "Grab Taxi" in "Easy Taxi" za majhno plačilo. To je boljše kot pozivanje taksija, ker si lahko prek GPS ogledate število taksijev in njihovo lokacijo. Ko imate potrjeno rezervacijo taksija, se na vaši mobilni napravi prikažejo ime, fotografija, številka tablice in telefonska številka, s katerim lahko komunicirate s svojim voznikom, da natančno ve, kje ste. Na voljo je v metrojih Manila in Cebu.

Moj čoln

Metro Manila

Pojdite po Manili s Pasigom Trajektna služba Pasig, vodni avtobusi so na voljo na postajah okoli zgodovinske reke Pasig. Cene vozovnic se gibljejo od ₱25, ₱35 in ₱45. Za študente in mladino so cene vozovnic ₱20 ne glede na razdaljo.

Medotočni izleti

Po avtobusih in letalih so ladje naslednji najcenejši način potovanja v državi.

Trajekti na druge otoke lahko trajajo več kot 24 ur, odvisno od razdalje. Edina trajektna linija po vsej državi je 2Go Travel. Iz Cebuja so manjše trajektne linije: Trans Asia Shipping Lines, Cokaliong ladijske linije, Lite Ferries in Oceanjet.

Urnike lahko najdete na spletnih straneh ladijskih linij ali v časopisih z oddelki za oglase o trajektih. Trajekti lahko včasih zamujajo, ker ves tovor in potniki še niso vkrcani ali zaradi vremena.

Križarjenja

Križarjenje Hans Christian Andersen^{[mrtva povezava]} vas bo popeljal na pot skozi Filipine. Odpeljejo vas na prazne plaže, lokalne ribiške vasice, potapljanje in snorklanje. Ponujajo sproščeno počitniško vzdušje in ne bo vam treba skrbeti za kodeks oblačenja.

S kombijem

UV Express, ali Utility Van Express (prej, vendar še vedno pogosto imenovan "FX", od njihove uporabe večnamenskega vozila Toyota Tamaraw FX), je storitev prevoza s kombiji, ki jo običajno upravljajo beli kombiji Toyota ali Nissan z oznakami poti in operaterja. Pogosti so na krajših poteh v provincah in so hitrejši od avtobusa ali jeepneyja, saj potujejo brez postankov, vendar so vozila pogosto nabito polna, strop je nizek za visoke tujce, malo prostora za kosovno prtljago in vozovnice so dražje od običajnega avtobusa (vendar cenejše od jeepneyja).

UV Express ima fiksne poti, kot so avtobusi ali jeepney, vendar kot neprekinjene storitve lahko potnike poberejo le na terminalih. Cena vozovnice je fiksna ₱2 na kilometer pomnoži dolžino poti od točke do točke, zbere pa jo vodnik, ki zaseda sovoznikov sedež ali zbiralnik vozovnic na terminalu. UV terminali so običajno na avtobusni postaji ali v nakupovalnem središču, obstajajo pa tudi posebne postaje, ki lahko služijo eni ali več UV poti. Odhodi so neredni, kombiji pa odhajajo le, ko so polni.

Nikoli ne pozdravljajte kombija in ne prosite voznika, da vas odpelje na predvideni cilj, kot je jeepney. Kombiji, ki omogočajo prevzem ali odvoz izven terminala, so vozila brez dovoljenja brez oznak poti in podjetja (in registrske tablice zasebnega vozila); ponavadi so preobremenjeni in nevarni, cene vozovnic višje in potovanje traja dlje.

V nekaterih turističnih območjih so na voljo tudi licencirani vladni avtobusi, ki so rezervirani po telefonu in nudijo hotel od letališča do vrat do vrat (in obratno). So počasnejši od taksija, saj se ob poti ustavijo v hotelih, a so pogosto cenejši.

Kombi lahko najamete tudi, če potujete s skupino 10-18 oseb; najemnine se običajno začnejo od ₱1000 na dan (in stroški, ki si jih deli skupina), običajno so vključeni obroki v restavraciji in bivanje v hotelu, letovišču ali gostišču. Vendar jih je pogosto težko najti in na splošno skrbijo za Filipince.

Z Jeepneyem

Jeepneyi so pogosti po vsej državi in ​​so daleč najbolj ugoden način za obhod večine glavnih mestnih območij. Prometni znaki, ki se nanje nanašajo, jih običajno imenujejo "PUJ", Javni komunalni džip.

Jeepneyi so pogosto precej natrpani in na splošno ne preveč udobni (še posebej, če ste visoki), v notranjosti je običajno malo prostora za prtljago (čeprav ima večina strešni prtljažnik), lahko je žeparji, in lahko naletite na nadležno vedenje, kot so vozniki, ki kadijo, ali potniki v glasnih pogovorih. Vendar pa jih mora vsak obiskovalec preizkusiti vsaj enkrat, saj so zagotovo del "izkušenj na Filipinih". Za proračunskega potnika bodo verjetno ena najpogosteje uporabljenih prevoznih možnosti.

V mestih jeepney ponavadi vozijo po fiksnih progah in imajo fiksne vozovnice glede na razdaljo (pogosto približno ₱9 za do 4 km (2,5 milje) in dodatno ₱2.25 na km od leta 2019) in se ustavi, če jim mahnete. Običajno so na boku vozila table, ki označujejo pot. V Manili in drugih večjih mestih boste našli več jeepneyjev na progo, zato boste redko čakali, da boste ujeli enega.

V provincah jeepney povezuje tudi mesta. Za ta daljša potovanja so pogosto popusti za upokojence ali študente, čeprav običajno ne na potovanjih znotraj mesta. Za potovanje, oddaljeno nekaj kilometrov od mesta do predmestja, ali nekaj deset kilometrov do bližnjega mesta, so jeepney pogosto najboljši način potovanja. Za daljša potovanja pa so avtobusi bolj udobni.

Prvotni džipiji so temeljili na džipih, ki so jih Američani pustili za seboj druga svetovna vojna; Filipinci so telo podaljšali in dodali klopi ob straneh, da so lahko namestili več ljudi. Danes večina novih jeepneyjev temelji na uvoženih rabljenih vozilih, a veliko starejših še vedno vozi. Jeepneyi imajo običajno približno 20 sedežev, pogosto pa jih imajo 30 ali več z ljudmi v hodniku ali na tekaških deskah. Nekaj ​​potnikov lahko sedi spredaj z voznikom; to so najboljši sedeži.

Nekateri jeepneyji imajo prevodnika za pobiranje vozovnic, pri drugih pa plačate vozniku. Ljudje, ki sedijo zadaj, so dokaj pogosti, da drugi potniki svoj denar predajo vozniku; to je lažje, če imate natančno spremembo. Prav tako je običajno, da potniki, ko hočejo, zataknejo kovance ob kovinske dele strehe; zvok se prenaša naprej do voznika.

Pazite se kolorum jeepneyi, ki nimajo označene poti. Najbolje se jim je izogibati, ponekod pa so pogosti in so morda edini na voljo. Glej #Ostani varen. Tudi na zakonitih jeepneyjih lahko pride do težav z vozniki, ki nezakonito "režejo pot", to je, ko plačate celotno ceno do predvidenega cilja in boste prisiljeni pristopiti na sredino poti ali nekje v bližini cilja, ne da bi dobili povračilo zaradi zastoj, cestna zapora ali pomanjkanje čakalnih potnikov.

Na nekaterih območjih so vozila, podobna jeepneyju, vendar zgrajena na manjšem podvozju, tako da lahko prevažajo le približno ducat potnikov. Domačini jih običajno pokličejo multicabs.

"Moderni" jeepneyji, ki jih namesto posameznikov upravljajo podjetja ali zadruge, tako kot pri "tradicionalnih" vozilih, se počasi postopoma uvajajo, zlasti v okolici Manile. Medtem ko so tehnično jeepney, so vozila morda bolj podobna minibusu, ki ima vhodna vrata na desni strani. Cene vozovnic so nekoliko dražje (od ₱11 za prvih 4 km, povečanje za ₱1.40-1.70), vendar je mogoče plačati s pametnimi karticami (npr. Pisk) namesto gotovine in so vozila bolj udobna.

S triciklom

Traysikels so tricikli, ploščadi za motorna kolesa in prikolice; motocikli so običajno japonski stroji v razponu od 125 do 200 kubičnih centimetrov. Zdi se, da se zasnova razlikuje od regije do regije, vendar bodo znotraj določenega mesta vsi traysikeli iste vrste. Ponekod v bočnikih sedijo štiri, drugod le dva. Na mnogih področjih pedicab se nanaša na vozilo s pogonom na pedale, bodisi na ploščad za kolesa ali prikolico bodisi na kolesarsko rikšo z dvema sedežema zadaj in kolesarjem, ki pedalira spredaj. Na drugih področjih se "pedicab" uporablja tudi za motorne ploščadi.

V nekaterih manjših mestih so to glavno prevozno sredstvo znotraj mesta, džipi pa se uporabljajo samo za potovanja med mesti. Na nekaterih območjih se tricikli uporabljajo tudi za izvenmestna potovanja do približno 25 km (15 milj).

Te se večini tujcev morda ne marajo, saj so utesnjene in precej odprte hrupu in vremenu. V večini krajev gre za skupna vozila; pričakujte, da se boste vozili skupaj z drugimi ljudmi, ki gredo približno po isti poti in se ušli nenavadno, ko se voznik preusmeri, da potnika pripelje do cilja.

Večina vozovnic v katerem koli mestu je ₱10-80, odvisno predvsem od razdalje. Večina vozovnic velja za osebo, nekatere pa za tricikel. Ponekod je cena vozovnice zakonsko urejena. Včasih obstajajo fiksne cene. Na bolj podeželskih območjih se stopnje razlikujejo. Včasih boste, še posebej pri daljših tekih, morali kupčijo nekateri vozniki bodo skušali tujcem previsoko zaračunati.

Na splošno je večina potovanj razmeroma varnih in prijetnih ter po tujih standardih precej poceni, vendar lahko pride do težav. Nekateri vozniki lahko med vožnjo kadijo (kljub prepovedi kajenja na javnih komunalnih vozilih, vključno s tricikli) ali pretirano polnijo stroške, kar nekaj pa jih vozi precej pustolovsko in pogosto krši prometna pravila, na primer nedovoljeno prehitevanje ali neupoštevanje prepovedi tricikla (predvsem na močno prevoženih avtocestah). Nekateri motocikli so precej hrupni, dimajo ali imajo neustrezne žaromete ali zadnje luči.

Na zadnji strani je običajno prtljažnik. Če jo uporabljate, se prepričajte, da voznik zaveže vaše stvari; v nasprotnem primeru bi jih lahko ukradli ali odleteli, ko bi trčili. Velika ali dragocena prtljaga naj se vozi v prostoru za potnike; na triciklih s štirisedežnimi bočnimi vozički se sprednji sedež lahko zloži, da se sprosti prostor. Običajno boste morali to doplačati, kar je pravično, saj prtljaga vozniku preprečuje, da bi odpeljal več potnikov.

Na nekaterih območjih boste lahko našli tricikle, podobne avto rikšam ali tuk-tukom, zlasti na Mindanau (npr. motorelas od Cagayan de Oro); potniki sedijo za voznikom, namesto v ločeni prikolici. Bajajeve avtorikše - nekatere poganjajo stisnjen zemeljski plin - je mogoče videti tudi na nekaterih območjih; slaba stran je, da lahko prevažajo le 3 do 4 potnike (dodatnega sedeža za majhne otroke ali drugega potnika ni), navzgor pa je, da imajo več prostora za glavo, manj hrupa v motorju in bolj udobne sedeže. Električna kolesa lahko najdete na nekaterih območjih, na primer v Manili.

Glej

Filipini vam lahko dajo izkušnje s tropskim otokom v vašem življenju. Njegove čudovite peščene plaže, toplo podnebje, stoletne cerkve, čudovite gorske verige, gosti deževni gozdovi, bogata kultura in nasmejani ljudje so nekatere od atrakcij, ki jih lahko vidite in doživite na tem arhipelagu, sestavljenem iz 7.107 otokov. Bogato in edinstveno kulturo države lahko doživite na različne načine, kot je ogled starih španskih cerkva in pridružitev barvitim fiestas (festivali) in z uživanjem eksotičnih in okusnih jedi. Toda morda je najboljši način, da doživite filipinsko kulturo, vožnja z jeepneyem.

Zgodovinske in kulturne znamenitosti

Španci so začeli kolonizirati Filipine v petdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja in jih držali, dokler jih Američani niso prevzeli leta 1898. Skoraj vsako mesto v državi ima nekaj lepih starih zgradb iz tega obdobja, vsaj katoliško cerkev. Nekaj ​​jih ima veliko več, cela okrožja, polna starih zgradb, vključno z ostanki španskih utrdb:

• Manila je glavno mesto Filipinov; ustanovljen je bil v španski kolonialni dobi. Čeprav je Manila mesto s sodobnimi nebotičniki, ima še vedno bogato zgodovinsko in kulturno dediščino. Stare cerkve, kolonialne strukture, neoklasične zgradbe in zgodovinske znamenitosti dajejo temu mestu svoj edinstven čar.
• Intramuros (V španščini "znotraj obzidja") je najstarejše okrožje in zgodovinsko jedro Manile. Intramuros je dom najlepših in najstarejših struktur v Manili, kot sta katedrala v Manili in trdnjava Santiago. Čeprav je bil Intramuros med drugo svetovno vojno močno poškodovan, ima še vedno svoj španski kolonialni značaj.
• Mesto Cebu je bila prva španska naselbina na Filipinih in je bila nekaj let glavno mesto. V njegovem okrožju Colon so nekatere najpomembnejše zgodovinske in dediščinske točke v državi, vključno z utrdbo San Pedro in baziliko Santo Niño. Mestni Festival Sinulog privablja na tisoče turistov in romarjev; je eden najbolj priljubljenih festivalov v državi.
• Baguio je na precejšnji višini in je bil uporabljen kot poletna prestolnica, da bi se izognil vročini Manile.

Številna mesta imajo še posebej lepe zbirke stavb dediščine, vključno s številnimi domovi dediščine, zgrajenimi za pomembne Špance ali bogate filipinske družine. Mnogi od njih so še vedno zasebni domovi in ​​nikakor niso vsi odprti za javnost, nekateri pa so postali muzeji, drugi pa dovoljujejo oglede.

• Viganv regiji Ilocos v severnem Luzonu je Unescova svetovna dediščina, špansko kolonialno mesto, čeprav tudi s precejšnjim kitajskim vplivom. Morda se boste počutili, kot da ste nekje v Latinski Ameriki ali sredozemski Evropi.

• Taal, v regiji Batangas jugozahodno od Manile, je najbližje takšno mesto prestolnici. Morda je primeren postanek za tiste, ki se odpravijo na plaže v Puerto Galera, čeprav vas pelje z neposredne poti.
• Silay je vklopljen Negros, blizu Bacoloda.
• Baclayon je vklopljen Bohol, blizu Tagbilarana.

Ker je bila država 300 let španska kolonija, lahko baročne cerkve zlahka najdemo po Filipinih. Te cerkve bodo videti skoraj tako kot tiste, ki jih lahko vidite v Španiji in drugod po Evropi. Nekateri najbolj ikonični v državi so:

• Cerkev San Agustin v Manila
• Cerkev Miag-ao v Iloilo
• Cerkev Paoay v Ilocos Norte
• Cerkev Santa Maria v Ilocos Sur

Te cerkve so bile pod skupnim naslovom uvrščene na seznam Unescove svetovne dediščine Baročne cerkve na Filipinih.

Plaže in otoki

Plaže in potapljanje so med najbolj znanimi turističnimi znamenitostmi države; s 7.107 otoki je zagotovo dovolj izbire. Številne plaže imajo svetlo bel pesek, najdemo pa tudi bež, siv, črn ali celo roza pesek. Večina potapljanja je okoli koralnih grebenov; mnogi so dosegljivi samo s hojo v vodo ali na enodnevni izlet z ladjo iz enega od letovišč. Nekaj ​​takih kot Coron funkcija potapljanja v razbitinah in nekateri, kot so Naravni park Tubbataha Reefs vključujejo daljša potovanja s čolni, ki živijo na krovu.

Boracay je najbolj znano letovišče v državi, več revij ga je ocenilo za enega najboljših otokov na svetu in vsako leto privabi na tisoče mednarodnih in lokalnih popotnikov. Ima praškaste bele peščene plaže in modre vode ter je zelo razvito območje, ki ponuja vrsto dejavnosti, vključno s potapljanjem, snorklanjem, jadranjem na deski, kajtanjem, potapljanjem na skalah in jadranjem na deski. Po vseh teh aktivnostih si lahko privoščite sproščujočo masažo na plaži z belim peskom ali v enem od zdravilišč

Če se želite izogniti natrpanim plažam, se odpravite na Palawan. Plaže v provinci so manj razvite, nenatrpane in dobro ohranjene. Obalno mesto El Nido je ena najboljših destinacij, ki jih Palawan in Filipini lahko ponudita. Njegove neokrnjene plaže, kristalno čiste vode, strme apnenčaste pečine, osupljivi otočki in potapljaška mesta se lahko kosajo z vsemi najboljšimi na svetu.

Otok Coron ponaša se s stotinami apnenčastih tvorb, ki jih obdajajo gosti dežni gozdovi. Priljubljen je tudi zaradi izvrstnih plaž in razbitin ladij iz druge svetovne vojne. Najemite kajak za veslanje po otokih in si oglejte čudovito in dobro ohranjeno morsko pokrajino Coron.

Poleg Palawana lahko poskusite tudi vi Bohol, otoška provinca, ki je tudi dom veličastnih peščenih plaž. Ena najboljših destinacij na plaži v Boholu je Otok Panglao, ki se promovira kot alternativni cilj Boracayu. Otok ponuja širok izbor luksuznih in cenovno ugodnih letovišč.

Otok Mactan v Cebuju; Otok Santa Cruz v Zamboangi; Pagudpud v Ilokosu; Plaža Laiya v Batangasu in Beli otok v Camiguin so še druge priljubljene plaže na Filipinih, ki jih je res vredno obiskati.

Pokrajine

Poglej tudi: Nacionalni parki in zaščitena območja na Filipinih

Bolne plaže? Filipini ponujajo tudi druge osupljive pokrajine; Poleg čudovitih plaž obstajajo gorske verige, goste džungle, veličastne riževe terase, slikovita jezera, slikoviti slapovi in ​​skrite jame.

Če pomislimo na Filipine, so običajne stvari, ki se nam zazdijo, le skupina otokov s toplimi sončnimi dnevi. The Regija Cordillera ni običajna filipinska destinacija, ki jo vidimo na razglednicah in revijah za potovanja. Če obiščete to gorato regijo, si raje vzemite jakne in puloverje, ne le majic, saj se ta regija nahaja v hladnem visokogorju severnega dela države. Riževe terase so ena najbolj obiskanih turističnih znamenitosti v regiji, svetovno znana Riževe terase Banaue in Riževe terase filipinskih Cordilleras najdete tukaj. Te riževe terase so pred skoraj 2000 leti zgradili starodavni Filipini in še vedno ohranjajo svojo lepoto. V bližini je mesto Sagada v Gorska provinca. Mesto, ki je znano po visečih krsteh in apnenčastih jamah, je idealna destinacija za popotnike.

Filipini so gorska država in ponujajo nešteto možnosti za pohodnike in iskalce pustolovščin. Najboljša destinacija za gorsko plezanje v državi je slikovita gora Apo na južnih Filipinih. Gora Apo je najvišja gora na Filipinih in eno najrazličnejših območij; v njem živi več kot 272 ptičjih vrst, od tega 111 endemičnih za to območje. Gora ima tudi štiri glavna jezera, ki so znana planinarska kampiranja in postanek proti vrhu. Druga priljubljena destinacija za gorsko plezanje je Mount Pinatubo v Tarlač. Ta gora je na svetovni naslov prišla kot drugi največji vulkanski izbruh 20. stoletja. Danes je ena najbolj priljubljenih plezalnih destinacij v državi zaradi svojih kanjonov, terena 4x4 in slikovitega kalderskega jezera.

Pojdite na otok Bohol videti znamenite Chocolate Hillsin ne, niso narejeni iz čokolade, so travnate apnenčaste kupole, ki v sušnem obdobju porjavijo, od tod tudi njihovo ime. Na tem območju je raztresenih več kot 1.268 gričev. Chocolate Hills so eno najbolj znanih in priljubljenih turističnih točk v državi. Druga destinacija, ki je priljubljena v Boholu, je Filipinsko svetišče Tarsier v Corella, gre za 7,4 hektarja veliko gozdno svetišče, kjer se prosto sprehaja več kot 100 tarserjev. Tu lahko pridete blizu Filipinski Tarsier, eden najmanjših primatov na svetu.

Ali

• Zračni športi - letni festival vročih balonov poteka januarja in februarja v Clarku, Angeles v Pampanga. Prikazani so baloni z zračnim balonom, padalstvo in druge dejavnosti.
• Košarka je najbolj priljubljen šport na Filipinih, ne zamudite PBA in UAAP turnirji v košarki. Bolj filipinska izkušnja je gledanje katerega koli od paliga igre v barangaysu v vročih mesecih, če lahko prenašate vročino; Streetball je zelo priljubljen tudi pri Filipinih.
• Bentosa in Hilot so filipinski alternativni načini zdravljenja, Bentosa je metoda, pri kateri skodelica pokrije čajno prižgano svečo, nato pa plameni in odteče vso bolečino na določenem delu telesa, Hilot je samo filipinski način masiranja.
• Jadranje na krovu - Valovi in ​​vetrovi delajo skupaj, zaradi česar je država raj za mornarje na krovu. Boracay, Zaliv Subic in Anilao v Batangas so glavne destinacije.
• Igralnice: Metro Manila ima široko zbirko igralnic in zabavnih destinacij. Raziščite Resorts World Manila, prvo luksuzno letovišče, integrirano v igralnici v državi, in novo odprto Turistična naselja in igralnice Solaire. The Zabavno mesto bo dom štirih integriranih igralniških letovišč.
• Jamarstvo - Otočje ima nekaj edinstvenih jamskih sistemov. Sagada v Luzonu in Mabinay na Negrosu so priljubljena destinacija za jamarstvo.
• Festivali - Vsaka občina, kraj, kraj in pokrajina ima svoj festival, bodisi verski bodisi v čast mestu ali zgodovinski razlog.

Poglej tudi: Festivali na Filipinih za več informacij.

• Golf - Skoraj vsaka provinca ima igrišče za golf.
• Medicinski turizem - Večina zdravstvenih turistov prihaja iz Amerike in Evrope, saj zdravstveno varstvo pri nas stane kar 80% manj kot v tujini. Večina bolnišnic, predlaganih za medicinski turizem, je v Metro Manila. Alternativna medicina je priljubljena tudi pri zdraviliščih, zdravljenju vere in drugih obrobnih terapijah, razširjenih po celotnem arhipelagu.
• Nacionalni parki - Nacionalni parki štejejo okoli 60–70, vključujejo gore in koralne grebene.
• gorsko kolesarjenje - Otočje ima na ducate gora in je idealno za gorske kolesarje. Cilji vključujejo Baguio, Davao, Iloilo, Banaue, Gora Apo in Guimaras.
• Plezanje - Otoki Apo, Atimonan, El Nido, Putting Bato, soteska Wawa imajo na arhipelagu najboljša mesta za plezanje.
• Morski kajak - Karamanski otoki v Camarines Sur, Palawan, Samar in Siargao so priljubljeni.
• Zdravilišča najdemo v bližini plaž, finančnih prestolnic itd.
• Treking - Gorske verige in vrhovi ponujajo hladno vreme za pohodništvo in morda vam bodo omogočili pogled na čudovito eksotično floro in favno države. Mt. Kanlaon in Gora Pulag so dobra mesta za pohodništvo.
• Visita iglesia - Cerkvene katoliške cerkve, svetišča, svetišča in bazilike. Če ste religiozni, poskusite to, če imate radi umetnost in arhitekturo, so cerkve najboljši način, da določite filipinsko arhitekturo.
• Whitewater rafting - There is good whitewater rafting in Mindanao, both in the north around Cagayan de Oro and in the south near Davao.

Potapljanje

Glej Diving in the Philippines, Potapljanje in Potapljanje z masko for more information

Scuba diving is spectacular in the Philippines. While there are many fine dive sites, including some in nearly every region of the country, two stand out as among the world's best:

• Naravni park Tubbataha Reefs is a Philippines National Park and a Unescova svetovna dediščina. It is a large area of coral reef, mostly shallow water with a few small islets and a sensational range of marine life. It is generally reached on live-aboard boats operating from Puerto Princesa na Palawan.
• Coron has excellent wreck diving because the US Navy sank about ten Japanese ships in shallow water there in 1944.

Nakup

Denar

Exchange rates for Philippine pesos As of January 2, 2020: US$1 ≈ ₱51 €1 ≈ ₱57 UK£1 ≈ ₱67 Australian $1 ≈ ₱35 Canadian $1 ≈ ₱39 Japanese ¥100 ≈ ₱47 Chinese ¥1 ≈ ₱7.3 Hong Kong $1 ≈ ₱6.5 Tečaji nihajo. Trenutne cene za te in druge valute so na voljo pri XE.com

The Philippine peso (ali piso), ISO code: PHP, is the official currency and is the only currency used for most transactions. It is usually denoted by the symbol "₱" (or P, without the double strike). One peso is subdivided into 100 centavos (or sentimo), denoted with the symbol ¢ (ali c). Wikivoyage uses ₱ for pesos.

• Kovanci: 1¢, 5¢, 10¢, 25¢, ₱1, ₱5, ₱10, and ₱20. There are two sets of coins in circulation: the 2018 "New Generation" series and the older 1995 "New Design" series. The 2018 coins are all nickel-plated steel; there is no 10¢ coin, and ₱20 coins were introduced in late 2019. Coins from 1995 are of various materials and colors.
• Bills: ₱20 (orange), ₱50 (red), ₱100 (purplish blue), ₱200 (green), ₱500 (yellow), and ₱1000 (light blue). Older versions of each bill have been demonetized since December 2016. The old bills have similar colors to their new counterparts, have the same people at the front (except for the ₱500 bill which also features former President Aquino) but rather than historical sites at the back, the newer bills feature Filipino natural wonders and species unique to the country.

U.S. dollars and euros may be accepted in some circumstances, but don't count on it.

Travelers usually see ₱20 and ₱50 bills, and ₱1, ₱5 and ₱10 coins as the most useful for common purchases. Centavo coins are nearly worthless: convenience stores, supermarkets and bus conductors are the few to hand them out as change, but they are commonly thrown away. Always have some coins in hand during morning hours; jeepney, taxi, tricycle drivers, and some merchants follow the barya lang [po] sa umaga rule, insisting they need coins to give back as change later in the day. Beware of counterfeits: bills from ₱100 and above are common targets for counterfeiters, but fake ₱20 and ₱50s also show up, especially in small shops.

The Philippines is fundamentally a cash-only society; it's just fine to carry wads of ₱1000 bills for medium to large purchases, though it's also risky. Some machines like coin-operated vending machines or coin laundries only accept ₱5 coins while pisonet computers accept ₱1, but many are not yet adjusted to accept coins from 2018. Machines selling drinks generally accept bills up to ₱50 v vrednosti.

Currency conversion

Money changers are common in malls and tourist areas, but less so elsewhere. A rule of thumb is that the more currency you wish to exchange, the more favorable the rates can be. Banks are widely available to exchange currency but usually impose a minimum amount (usually around US$100), generally have worse rates than money changers, and are usually open only from 9AM to 3PM (sometimes 4:30PM) on weekdays. However, you can enjoy their air conditioning during a long wait. Bank of Philippine Islands (BPI) and Banco de Oro (BDO) have longer operating hours (sometimes as late as 7PM) in some locations.

Don't exchange money in stalls along the streets as some of them might be exchanging your money for counterfeit money. Kontakt Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines or BSP) if you suspect the money you've been given is counterfeit. Money changers do exist at department stores, supermarkets and hotels but the rates are highly unfavorable to customers and some will only exchange into pesos.

Bančništvo

Having a Philippine bank account is useful for long-term travelers or permanent residents, but not for an ordinary tourist or business traveler. International banks like Citibank ali HSBC have only a few branches in large cities and opening a new account requires a huge deposit. The major local banks, like PNB, BDO, BPI ali Metrobank, are better. Foreigners must have a valid passport, an Alien Certificate of Registration card and proof of a Philippines address – most often the residency certificate you got from the barangay. Most bank staff can speak English well, and you can also apply for a US dollar account with any of the major local banks.

Most of the 20,000 ATMs are connected to the local BancNet ATM network. Most banks will have at least one ATM on bank premises, and there are lots of off-site ATMs in shopping malls and other commercial buildings, mostly in the cities. In rural areas, often the only available ATMs are from Land Bank of the Philippines or the Philippine National Bank (PNB).

International networks like Plus and Cirrus are accessible with many ATMs, with Cirrus being more predominant, although many ATMs support both. Some banks also support other cards, including American Express, Diners Club, JCB and China UnionPay. Withdrawals are often limited to ₱10,000 depending on the bank. Most local banks charge a usage fee of ₱250 for using foreign cards. The best ATMs to withdraw money from are at one of the HSBC branches (eight in Metro Manila, and one each in Cebu City and Davao), where you can take out ₱40000 per transaction with no usage fee.

Credit card holders can use Visa, MasterCard, American Express, UnionPay, Diners Club and JCB cards, especially in the cities and in tourist areas, but merchants usually require a minimum purchase amount before they start accepting credit cards. Smaller merchants are usually cash-only. Credit cards are generally not accepted for government-related transactions, and in rural areas, credit card acceptance can range from limited to virtually non-existent.

Pay close attention when using ATMs, even when using ATMs on bank premises. While credit card fraud is uncommon in the Philippines, ATM tampering happens regularly. Obvious signs that an ATM has been tampered include loosely-installed keypads, larger-than-usual card slots, and wires or features that seem out of place.

Mobile payments

Mobile payments are slowly becoming available in shops and restaurants in large cities and major tourist destinations. Two popular mobile payment services are the QR-code based PayMaya in GCash, which are tied to Smart and Globe Telecom companies. PayMaya, which comes with a MasterCard EMV card, can allow you to pay tolls on the expressways operated by Metro Pacific (and even be the only way to pay in a public market in Valenzuela), while GCash is generally useful for mobile funds transfer, but both are useful for that purpose. You will only need a Philippine mobile number and the specific app, but you must top them up (load) at a convenience store, pawnshop or a bills payment centers. For the most part, they are more useful for long-term visitors than to most travelers.

NFC-based mobile payments such as Apple Pay in Android Pay are not generally accepted. Some shops and restaurants which see many mainland Chinese customers also take WeChat Pay and Alipay.

Prekuhavanje

Tipping is not required in the Philippines, except when the customer wants to show appreciation for services rendered. However, tipping is becoming more common especially in service-oriented places (spa, salon). In some restaurants and hotels, "Service Charge" (8%-12%) is included in the bill when issued; thus, a customer has the option to give an additional tip or not. In taxis, it is common to add ₱20-50 on top of the fare.

Stroški

Travelling in Philippines is cheap (one of the least expensive places to visit in Asia and in the world.) For example a stay in a pension house, tourist inn or lodge can cost as little as ₱300 a night for a fan room or ₱500 a night for an air-conditioned room. A flight to Cebu from Manila and vice-versa will cost as little as ₱999, while one from Manila to Davao can cost as little as ₱1595. Transportation can cost as little as ₱10 for the first 4 km (2.5 mi) in a jeepney. Provincial bus fares are also cheap, even for a luxury bus.

Using the internet in an internet café ranges from ₱1 per 5 minutes (₱12 for a hour) on a pisonet do ₱20 per hour on larger establishments, depending on the Internet café's location. A can of Coke costs as little as ₱20 while a copy of the International Herald Tribune stroškov ₱70 in The Economist as little as ₱160. In most restaurants, there is 12% Value Added Tax (VAT) usually included in the unit price but the service charge is often excluded and computed separately (although the restaurant may opt to waive the service charge if they only offer takeout service).

Nakupovanje

Poglej tudi: Shopping in the Philippines

Kaj je pasalubong? A pasalubong is a tradition practiced by Filipinos for a long time. It is something you bring to your friends and family as a souvenir, keepsake or gift from a place you have visited. A Pasalubong consists of food (usually delicacies and sweets), T-shirts, souvenirs such as key chains, bags, etc.

Living in the Philippines is cheap and shopping in the country is also cheap compared to elsewhere in southeast Asia.

The country has a lot of shopping malls, from large to small and from modern to traditional; consumerism is part of Filipino culture. The four largest mall operators in the country are SM, Robinson's, CityMall and Ayala with locations across the archipelago. Most malls are open from 10AM to 9PM; they open as early as 8AM and close as late as 11PM during Christmas shopping season (mid-September to early January). Many close every Christmas, New Year, and Good Friday, with a few exceptions. Due to terrorism risk, security is tight at malls, with lines for bag searches and metal detectors.

In major malls, department stores, supermarkets, and brand-name stores, the tag price normally includes value-added tax (VAT) and any applicable sales taxes. In bazaars and tiangge (markets), prices may be marked, but you can often kupčijo for a better price. It is common, especially for clothing, to get a better price if you buy two or more.

Supermarkets and convenience stores

Supermarketi in the Philippines are dominated by four large chains, generally owned by Filipino-Chinese companies:

• SM Savemore & Walter Mart.
• Pure Gold & S & R & Lawson.
• Robinsons & Rustans & Shopwise & Wellcome.
• Gaisano & Metro.

Regional chains and mom-and-pop supermarkets, which may have lower prices than the four major chains, can be found as well, especially in less-developed areas of cities or in the countryside; see specific region or city pages for details.

Veriga trgovin, often tied with a major retailer, are common in urban areas. They generally have a wide variety of products, usually a subset of products sold in a grocery store, and fast food, and services like cell phone load, money transfer, courier service and bill payment. They mostly operate round the clock; the few exceptions are locations inside malls.

Traditional, sari-sari stores (small corner stores) are common, especially in the rural areas and the barangays. These are mostly family-owned stores usually found beside a road, and sell items that can be bought in grocery stores or general merchandise stores. Sari-sari stores also provide cell phone loading in addition to selling products.

Jej

Poglej tudi: Filipino cuisine

There is no single "Filipino cuisine", but rather a mosaic of various regional and ethnic cuisines. Local food varies as you travel between regions, provinces and islands, and ingredients vary by the local culture and economy, but there are broad characteristics that define Filipino food.

Filipino cuisine has developed from the different cultures that shaped its history; it is Southeast Asian cuisine but with influences from both Asia and the West. Though its cuisine is not as renowned as many of its neighbours, such as that of Thailand and Vietnam, Filipino cooking is nonetheless distinct in that it is possibly the least spicy of all Southeast Asian cuisines. Don't make the mistake of thinking that Filipino food is bland, though. It is just that instead of spices, Filipino food depends more on garlic, onions, ginger and vinegar to add flavor to dishes, and is mostly sweet, sour, and salty. Painstaking preparation and prolonged cooking time is also a characteristic of most Filipino dishes, and when done properly is often what brings out the flavor of the food, as opposed to a healthy dose of spices. As with the rest of Southeast Asia, rice is the staple food of the Philippines, but parts of the country rather have corn instead.

To experience how the Filipinos eat in a budget way, carinderias (eateries) and turo-turo (literally "point-point", buffet-style restaurants where you choose the food to be served to you) are some of the options. Mains cost less than ₱50. Carinderias serve food cooked earlier and it may not always be the safest of options.

You'll be hard pressed to find a mall without the requisite American hitra hrana chains, which have their menus adapted to local tastes, but national chains such as Jollibee (hamburgers), Greenwich (pizza), and Mang Inasal (chicken barbecue) also capture the Filipino taste buds and are competitive. If you want even cheaper fast food, go to roadside burger shacks or the numerous food kiosks or stands in malls and public transportation terminals.

Filipino ulična hrana is one of the best however it may not be as clean as the ones you find in Singapore. Street food vendors have been criticized because of their unhygienic practices and unhealthy options but also praised for affordability and taste. Street food sold in malls, while often viewed as a show-off to appeal the refined tongue, is much safer and better.

Tropical fruits abound in the Philippines. Most of the countryside produce finds its way to the metro areas and can be easily bought in supermarkets.

Meal patterns are basically similar to those in the Spanish-speaking world due to the country's history. Lunch is the most important meal, eaten between 11AM to 3PM, and a mid-morning or afternoon snack (merienda) is common.

Some Filipinos strictly use the serving spoon rule, believing that offering utensils or food that had come contact with someone's saliva is rude, disgusting, and will cause food to get spoiled quickly. Singing or having an argument while eating is considered rude, as they believe food is grace; food won't come to you if you keep disrespecting it. Filipinos usually say a prayer before food is served, furthermore wait till the host invites you to start eating. Also, it is rude to refuse food that the host offers or leave the dining table while someone is still eating.

Dietary restrictions

Vegetarians in vegani will find it difficult to find a Filipino dish which is wholly vegetarian as most Filipinos add meat in every single dish they eat. You can find some vegetarian restaurants in the Philippines, mostly lurking in the commercial, financial and provincial capitals, and most of them use tofu instead of meat. Nearly all towns have large markets with a fine selection of fruits and vegetables, mostly at good prices.

Muslimani will find it hard to find Halal food outside predominantly Muslim areas in the Philippines. Hindujci will find Indian restaurants which serve some vegetarian options in the most of the larger cities. Judje will also find it hard to find Kosher meals. However rabbis in the Philippines suggest some stores which sell Kosher food.

Awareness of food allergies or celiac disease is limited to non-existent.

Pijte

Poglej tudi: Filipino cuisine

Due to the tropical climate of the Philippines, chilled drinks are popular. Stands selling chilled drinks and shakes are common especially in shopping malls.

Filipinos (except for observant Muslims) love to drink (and get drunk). Filipinos rarely consume alcohol by itself. They would normally have what is called as pulutan or bar chow alongside their drinks which is like the equivalent of tapas. Beer is perhaps the most common form of alcohol consumed in bars.

Alcohol is cheap in the Philippines, some of the cheapest in the whole of Asia. In a supermarket the excellent local beers are around ₱35 and 750 ml (26 imp fl oz; 25 US fl oz) bottles of tolerable local rum or brandy start under ₱100. In many bars beer is around ₱60 and mixed drinks ₱90-150.

Spi

Accommodation options range from luxury five-star hotels/resorts to backpacker inns, but off the beaten track, options are sparse. Rates begin at ₱200, or higher depending on location, season and demand. Large cities such as Manila or Cebu have a higher price bracket, so do major tourist destinations.

Domovi (or "transient homes", or "transient") or bed and breakfasts are common in the provinces, especially in tourist towns that do not have much commercial accommodation. Many are just basic homes that provide meals, but some may have a swimming pool.

Moteli (or "short-time [hotels]") are another cheap option, but they have a reputation for being havens for illicit sex. They tend to be scattered in red-light districts, but many are clustered along major highways. Rates are na uro kot na dan, and it generally costs ₱600-1000 for overnight stays (at least 6 to 10 hours), or ₱200-400 for short stays (2 to 5 hours).

Hoteli in resorts are usually for the higher-end traveler, although rates — even for four-star establishments — are not very high compared to other international destinations. Condotels are furnished condominium units rented out for long or short term stays, while apartelles are set up for both short and long term stays. Pension houses, tourist inns and lodging houses are usually more basic and economical from ₱200 per night.

Cheaper places often have only fans instead of air conditioning, and no private toilet or shower. Even if you get a private shower, it may not have hot water, but this is not a big problem in a hot country. Bathtubs are rare in any accommodation, and the shower is often not separated from the toilet except in top-end hotels.

There are backpacker hostels all over the Philippines with dorm beds from ₱200.

Nauči se

You must apply for a student (9F) visa if you study in a college or university in the Philippines, and those studying on an elementary, secondary, technical/vocational, or special school registered to allow foreign enrollment must apply for a student permit (along with other required documents if below 18 or required by the institution).

Tertiary education

Education is taken seriously in the Philippines, and studying is a good way to experience life in the country. Many foreigners such as Europeans, Chinese, Americans and Koreans go to university in the Philippines, partly because compared to other countries universities here are cheaper. The system is similar to the Americans system. The most prestigious institutions include University of the Philippines (UP), De La Salle University (DLSU), Univerza Ateneo de Manila, Daljnovzhodna univerza (FEU) and Univerza Adamson. For American veterans, the VA will pay for courses at approved universities here.

Learning English

The Philippines is one of the largest centers for learning ESL (Angleščina kot drugi jezik) in Asia. Transport from Asian countries, living costs and tuition are all much lower than for the major English-speaking countries and the climate is pleasant.

There are many English learning centers around the country; many are in Metro Manila (especially Taguig City), Bacolod, in Cebu, but there are some in all the major cities and in some of the resort areas. There are some jobs for foreign teachers in these places, though they mostly use Filipino teachers and generally will not offer high salaries to foreigners. Glej Teaching English.

Drugi

• Potapljanje: There is a great variety of dive sites and many have PADI-accredited diving schools where you can obtain your certifications. Costs (of both lessons and equipment) are likely to be cheaper than even in Tajska in Malezija.
• Borilne veščine: Eskrima ali Kali is a Filipino martial art that emphasizes using swords and sticks; it has been showcased in films such as Ravnotežje. There are many training centers around Metro Manila and some almost anywhere in the country. Many other martial arts are also taught, but in any but a really large city only one or two will be available.
• Filipino/Tagalog or regional languages: Limited opportunities are available to seriously study Filipino or a regional language, as most Filipinos can readily read, speak and understand English (and jobs available to foreigners do not require Filipino language skills), but you can readily pick up any local language through lessons with locals, books, and online resources. Filipino is a mandatory subject in the Philippine education system, so you can be immersed in it while studying in the country.

Delo

Under Philippine law, any foreigner working must have an Alien Employment Permit issued by the Department of Labor. The paperwork is in general handled by the prospective employer and the employee picks up the relevant visa at a Philippine Embassy or Consulate. Working without a permit is not allowed, and doing so means you have no protection under labor laws. Furthermore, visas are checked upon departing the Philippines. Those who have overstayed without permission are subject to fines and, in certain cases, even jail.

It is possible for foreigners to earn casual money while staying in the Philippines, especially in Manila and other bigger cities in provinces. These may include temporary teaching in schools, colleges and other institutions, and working in bars and clubs. Temporary work may also be available as an extra on the set of a film or television series. Fluency in English is very important in jobs while knowledge of Filipino or Tagalog is not needed. The Philippines has overtaken India in the call center industry, and many international companies hire English fluent workers.

Most establishments pay monthly but informal jobs pay out variably either cash on hand or weekly.

Ostani varen

The Philippine penal system The legal system tends to be slow, and prison conditions are poor and dangerous. A falsely accused person could spend a long time in jail before being acquitted. Bail is often denied, especially for foreigners. Foreigners are sometimes given shorter sentences than those provided. For minor offenses, foreigners often serve only a few weeks before being deported. For serious crimes, however, a foreign citizen will be sentenced to a long term in jail, followed by deportation.

Transitioning from years of dictatorship, neglect and economic stagnation toward democracy and development, the Philippines suffers from crime, corruption, and ongoing insurgencies. While foreign governments and the media exaggerates the threats, the country is, by and large, peaceful except for some regions experiencing low-level insurgencies. Crime levels in major cities are relatively comparable to those in American cities.

The country has one of those having the most deaths from natural disasters known to humankind: earthquakes, tropical cyclones (typhoons), floods, and tropical diseases.

The Philippines is quite low-income: unskilled jobs generally pay US$100-200 a month and even many good jobs are under $500. More or less all travelers will be perceived as rich by local standards. This makes you a prime target for thieves, scammers, prostitutes and corrupt officials. Do not make it worse by displaying a Rolex, an iPhone and a Nikon or by pulling out a stack of ₱1000 notes when you pay a restaurant bill.

Kazenskega pregona

Policija

Hostage taking There have been cases where tourists are specifically targeted and taken as hostage by insurgent groups or former police officers, with the most notorious incident being the Manila hostage crisis of 2010, where a group of Hong Kong tourists was taken hostage on a bus, and the police's botched rescue resulted in 8 hostage deaths. Always be vigilant of your surroundings and don't venture out alone after dark.

The Filipinska nacionalna policija (PNP) is responsible for law enforcement for the country, and their officers are easily identifiable through their dark blue uniforms. Some officers would be wearing a light blue collared shirt (with PNP insignia on the chest) or T-shirt (with PULIS printed behind), this includes those stationed at tourist locations and smaller Police Community Precincts (PCPs). PNP's traffic law enforcement arm, the Highway Patrol Group (HPG), who patrols national highways and rural checkpoints, wear the same uniform as most police, but may be wearing a reflectorized vest. Police vehicles are generally white, with many variations by local division, but most should have the word PULIS or PULISYA at the front, and a white license plate with red text.

All police officers have nationwide authority. Many can speak English, but this depends on where you are in. Many are easily approachable, but some are not well-paid and therefore corrupt.

Prometna policija

Aside from the PNP HPG, many cities and municipalities have their own traffic police force that enforce traffic law at the local level. Traffic police are generally called traffic enforcers ali traffic aides. Uniforms vary by municipality, but many wear a cap and pants with reflectorized strips, and some don a vest for additional visibility. Many local traffic police forces have a bad reputation for corruption and poor training.

While its constituent cities have their own traffic police, Metro Manila has a region-wide traffic law enforcement authority, the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), which has constables who patrols the major thoroughfares. MMDA constables wear a bright blue uniform, and are mostly courteous and trained. Most now serve roles in controlling traffic at major intersections and traffic bottlenecks, and only a few write tickets for traffic law violations. In addition, they also enforce regional ordinances against smoking, spitting, urinating in public, littering and jaywalking.

Barangay tanod

In addition to police, barangays also have tanod, or village watchers, who are responsible for neighborhood policing. Most of them are unarmed, but some are armed with a bolo, a kind of machete. There is no standard uniform, but many wear a shirt with a vest, usually one bearing the barangay name, over it. Tanods, especially those in roadside outposts, will be happy to give directions should you get lost.

Private security

Private security guards are common on most establishments, especially malls, banks, transportation terminals, and government offices, and they will be mostly dressed in a white or navy blue shirt and black pants, and may also be armed with shotguns. Female guards may have the same uniform as males, but some would wear a black pencil skirt and hose. Some guards may have a black cap with badge. Most of them are friendly and approachable, but some are poorly trained, aggressive and corrupt.

Zločin

Crime, along with impunity and corruption within the police force, has increased since the return to democracy, and while the rate is relatively high by Western standards, they mostly happen within crowded or rough areas of large cities. Most common are pickpocketing, bag snatching, and hold-up robbery; flaunting high-denomination bills, designer bags, or personal gadgets puts you at risk for those. Beware of the budol-budol scam, where victims are hypnotized to follow the robbers' demands; it is common around Manila, but foreigners are rarely targeted. Getting involved in a crime might introduce you into the slow Filipino justice system.

Smash-and-grab theft on parked cars (the basag-kotse modus operandi) is common, even in guarded parking areas, so do not leave anything valuable inside the car, especially on the dashboard.

Distraction theft is uncommon, but they happen; such cases often involve dropping a coin (the laglag-barya scam), or intentionally sticking a piece of used chewing gum to a bus seat. In restaurants, one common scam involves staged beverage spills.

Bag-snatching by motorcycle riders, especially those riding in tandem, is common. Sometimes, they will pull the bag along with the person for a few meters. Be careful when carrying expensive bags, as it may catch the attention of snatchers. Avoid wearing jewelry, especially earrings or rings, when going into crowded areas.

Avoid getting into fights or confrontations with locals. Filipinos are generally smaller than Westerners, but being outnumbered by a group of three or even a mob is absolute trouble. Police, despite being able to communicate in English by and large, will not intervene on behalf of a foreigner in an altercation with locals. Getting into a fight with locals is a common cause for foreigners to be deported from the Philippines. Tudi avoid raising your voice, which can be taken for anger and even make the other person violent; some simple arguments ended up with murder for causing the person to lose face and run amok (magdilim ng paningin). Drunken locals can get violent and run amok, and bar fights are not uncommon, especially with East Asians. Filipinos are generally peace-loving people; prikaz hiya (saving face, literally "shame") and settling the issue diplomatically is better than getting into trouble.

The sindikato (Filipino organized crime syndicates) are almost never a threat to the ordinary traveler, and mostly focus on drugs, human trafficking and contract killing. Entering a run-down neighborhood of a large city, you could possibly be assaulted by thugs in unprovoked kursonada attacks, but this is generally unlikely unless you look like a Filipino.

Road travel

Poglej tudi: Driving in the Philippines

Over 11,000 people die from traffic accidents in the Philippines every year, and many crashes involve motorcycles and tricycles, especially on rural highways. Reckless driving, poor road maintenance, lax traffic enforcement, a mix of brand-new and dilapidated vehicles on the streets, red tape and corruption in the licensing and registration process, and lack of driver education all contribute to the dangerous driving environment. Crossing the street is risky as pedestrian crossings are seldom followed. Driving at night is more dangerous as signs, markings, delineators, or lights are lacking, and some drivers do not lower their headlights. While the government has been attempting to improve the situation by streamlining the licensing process, installing signs and CCTVs in accident hotspots, placing random checkpoints along rural highways, and introducing speed guns to police to catch manic speeders (kaskasero), it remains to be seen. Driving is a dangerous experience for foreigners, but many get around without incident. Renting a car with driver is recommended but not necessary.

Safety on provincial buses may not be up to international standards. Try to travel on reputable bus companies and avoid ordinary buses where possible. Ordinary buses are not only crowded and uncomfortable; the vehicle may be dilapidated and therefore unsafe for travel.

Beware of unlicensed (colorum) jeepneys, vans, taxis and tricycles. Licensed vehicles have yellow and black license plates, and standard operator info, and route/service area markings; colorum vehicles have private vehicle license plates (either black or green text on white background, or green text on blue sky background) and no additional marking. Legitimate vehicles running outside of their marked route or service area without permission are also considered colorum. Avoid riding one of them unless they're the only form of transport available, as they tend to be overloaded, drivers might charge higher fares, and passengers are not insured should they get involved in a crash.

Korupcija

Corruption is a serious issue in the country, and the kotong ("bribe") culture, also helped by the meager wages of officials, widespread red tape, and patronage, is prevalent within the police or the Philippine bureaucracy. The situation is not as bad as back in the 1980s and 1990s, but some forms of corruption continue to persist

Beware of immigration scams at Mednarodno letališče Ninoy Aquino. Immigration officers might welcome you with a "Merry Christmas", even as early as August, and then ask you for "gifts" or a tip. More serious is the hold-departure order scam: a rogue immigration official will tell you you cannot leave the country because you were issued a hold-departure order (criminal travel injunction) and placed on an immigration blacklist for a crime you did not commit, and airport security will then come and hold you at their office until you bribe them. This rarely happens to foreigners, but might happen with returning Filipinos. Clarifying that a part of your name (especially the middle name) does not match those in the blacklist can help avoid this scam.

While not as bad as before, Philippine law enforcement is infamous for street-level corruption. Police officers or traffic police are known to extort bribes. Fines for minor infractions are very easy to get around, ranging from ₱300-500, but cops may even ask for outrageous amounts, or threaten you to go to their station and talk with their superior. Police may even ask you for a bribe before filing a formal complaint, but this is no longer common. Body cameras and more widespread video surveillance cameras are curbing street-level corruption, and thanks to the prevalence of smartphones and social media, you can grab one and video them, so you can have any evidence against them. If the vehicle you're riding in gets pulled over, it is the driver's responsibility to handle the situation and best for you not to get involved.

Philippine bureaucracy is also plagued with corruption. Acting polite, asking for a receipt, and smiling will avoid any problems when dealing with the bureaucracy. Consider calling the civil service complaint hotline 8888 or writing a polite complaint letter if you run into trouble with the bureaucracy.

Carry your passport, or a photocopy of both the identification page and your visa, at all times as random checks by police or immigration are not uncommon.

Prosjačenje

Prosjačenje for money (and handling money to beggars) is illegal since the Marcos era, but you may encounter lots of beggars in almost every medium to large city in the Philippines. Beggars range from street children, the homeless, and people handling solicitation envelopes on buses and jeepneys.

Nomadic Bajau (or Badjao, also known as the "Sea Gypsies") women and children also beg in port cities, but they can be found farther inland. In some regions, "Badjao" has become synonymous with beggars.

Female travelers

While women are respected in Filipino culture, crimes against women remain prevalent. Attitudes toward women remain conservative, and many Filipino men openly display machismo. While foreign women are rarely targeted for rape, there are chances you get groped by strangers, harassed by male bystanders and robbed when traveling alone in a taxi.

While wearing short shorts, miniskirts, and other revealing clothes is fine in most parts of the country (except in the Muslim-majority regions), it makes you an target for opportunistic crime, and some places have outlawed wearing of any immodest apparel to combat rape and street harassment. A good rule of thumb is to observe Filipinas; in some areas they will be showing a lot of skin, but in others they will be covered. Foreign women need not go as far in either direction as the local lasses, but should go in the same direction.

Homoseksualnost

Despite prevailing conservative mores, the Philippines is very tolerant to homosexuals and is the most LGBT-tolerant nation in Asia. Some cities, municipalities and provinces have passed ordinances protecting homosexual people, but a few places, like the Muslim-majority city of Marawi, have ordinances punishing homosexuality. LGBT people will be fine in the country, but you should not be too indiscreet – a pair kissing in public may get stares or even verbal profanity. Country folk, Moros (Filipino Muslims), and the elderly are more conservative and will condemn it. Violence against gays and lesbians is rare.

Sex and prostitution

Many Filipinas eagerly seek out well-off men, both Filipino and foreign, as boyfriends or husbands. Foreign men are nearly all rich by local standards and will usually find themselves much more in demand than they would be at home.

Prostitution is illegal in the Philippines, but it is a thriving business. The country has several hundred thousand prostitutes. By no means all of those are professionals; a woman in a typical low-paid job can roughly double her income by sleeping with one or two guys a week, and some do just that on most weekends.

There are periodic crackdowns on prostitution, and penalties are harsh for those who are arrested—large fines, possibly prison, and likely deportation with a ban on returning to the country. Corrupt cops may target foreigners in order to extract large bribes, and prostitutes have been known to set up their customers for such schemes or to prevara their customers in other ways. Also, as anywhere, sexually transmitted diseases are a large risk.

The commonest form of prostitution establishment is usually called a girlie bar ali bikini bar in the Philippines, but similar places in Tajska se imenujejo go-go bars and some travelers use that term here. It is also fairly common to visit these clubs just to enjoy the show, a lot of scantily-clad dancers who compete to catch customers' eyes.

Enforcement of laws against sexual abuse of children, including child pornography, and against human trafficking is more vigorous than enforcement of prostitution laws, and the penalties are harsher. For people arrested on those charges bail is rarely granted, and it is almost certain to be denied for foreigners, so even someone who eventually beats the charge will usually spend months in jail. As in any prison, child molesters can expect to get a hard time from other inmates and little help from guards.

The age of consent is 12 as of 2019. Anyone caught with someone younger than that (not necessarily having sex, just caught with them in a private place) will be charged with rape and should expect a stiff prison sentence, followed by deportation. Having sex with someone who is both under 18 and 10 years younger than you is also illegal and likely to bring jail and deportation. Obstaja tudi več drugih zakonov, zaradi katerih je položaj precej zapleten; za tujega obiskovalca je najvarnejše, če se držite stran od oseb, mlajših od 18 let.

Poleg filipinske zakonodaje obstaja še eno precej resno pravno tveganje. Večina zahodnih držav ima zakone, ki prepovedujejo spolnost otrok tudi zunaj države; nadlegovalca otrok bi lahko doma preganjali zaradi dejanj na Filipinih. V teh primerih veljajo pravila države pregona; na primer, turist, mlajši od 23 let, ki ima spolne odnose z 13-letnikom, bi po filipinski zakonodaji lahko bil zakonit, vendar je malo verjetno, da bi sodišče doma to videlo kot sprejemljivo.

Bodite previdni pri interakciji s filipinskimi otroki, še posebej, če jih želite fotografirati ali zdraviti. Nekateri Filipinci bodo domnevali, da jih pripravljate na trgovino z ljudmi, trgovina z otroki pa je v državi resna težava.

Za trgovino z ljudmi so kazni vse do zaporne kazni.

Droge

Filipini imajo negativen sloves prepovedanih mamil, zaradi ohlapnega izvrševanja in manj strogih kazni (tj. Brez smrtne kazni) pa so postali osnova za tuje nezakonite operacije s prepovedanimi drogami, med katerimi najpogosteje sodelujejo etnični Kitajci, ki bežijo pred ostro zakonodajo o drogah na Kitajskem ali Tajvanu . Na Filipinih je tudi precejšnja manjšina drugih tujih narodnosti, ki se ukvarjajo z mamili, na primer zahodnoafriški in mehiški državljani, ki poskušajo tihotapiti droge tudi v tranzitu.

Marihuana in shabu (kristalni metamfetamin) se v državi pogosto uporablja. Vendar so tudi nezakonite in kazni so zelo ostre: morda boste dobili dolgo zaporno kazen, ki ji bo sledila deportacija. Tudi posedovanje pripomočkov za droge, kot so majhne steklene ali jeklene cevi ("zobci"), s katerimi se upravlja shabu, bi vas lahko aretiralo. Varščina se redko dodeli za kazniva dejanja mamil, skoraj nikoli za trgovino z ljudmi ali za posedovanje shabuja, zato bodo celo ljudje, ki bodo sčasoma premagali obtožnico, mesece preživeli v zaporu. Oblasti redno prepadajo po drogovih in laboratorijih, zlasti tistih, ki proizvajajo ali prodajajo shabu.

Droge z visoko vrednostjo, kot so ekstazi (MDMA) ali oblikovalska zdravila, kot je "letijo visoko", so pogosta v prizorih nočnega življenja v velikih mestih, kot sta Manila in Cebu. Rave partyji so tudi vroče točke za zabave in pijače. Policija s takimi drogami ravna ostro in učinki njihove uporabe so lahko usodni.

Metamfetamin (shabu) je močno poživilo in izjemno neprijetna snov, ki se ji je iz več razlogov najbolje izogniti. Preveliko odmerjanje takoj ubije in prekomerna stimulacija ponavadi izgori telo, zlasti srce, zato lahko dolgotrajna uporaba ubije tudi brez prevelikega odmerjanja. Kot pravi pesem, "Hitrost ubija!" Poleg tega stvari povzročajo veliko zasvojenosti. Tudi zdravilo spremeni osebnost težkih uporabnikov, kar jim daje izrazito težnjo k paranoji in agresivnosti.

Naravne nesreče

Na Filipinih je veliko smrtnih žrtev, povezanih z naravnimi nesrečami, druga največja na svetu po Kitajski. Tveganja vključujejo tajfuni, monsunski dež, poplave, potresi, in izbruhi vulkanov.

Monsunski dež in poplave

Obilne padavine, ki jih povzročajo lokalne nevihte, tajfuni ali monsunski vetrovi, so del filipinskega podnebja. Gosto poseljena mesta niso varna pred vplivi padavin in močnega vetra. Na nekaterih območjih, izpostavljenih poplavam, so lokalne oblasti postavile sisteme za odkrivanje poplav, ki pomagajo pri evakuaciji območij, če bi pričakovali poplavo. Na katerem koli območju so najboljši viri informacij lokalni mediji, mestne ali provincialne vlade in lokalni prebivalci.

Jugozahodni monsun (habagat) med koncem maja in začetkom oktobra povzroča največ močnih padavin, poplave pa so včasih pogoste, zlasti kadar jih tajfun okrepi. Severovzhodni monsun (amihan) od januarja do marca lahko prinese tudi močan dež. Številna vozila se lahko zataknejo v poplavah, ki jih poslabšata plima in zamašena drenaža.

Tudi med jugozahodnim monsunom lahko sonce večinoma še vedno sije, vendar je pametno, da s seboj prinesete dežnik, še posebej, če opazite, da se oblikujejo kumulonimbusni oblaki. Razmislite o izdelkih z dvojnim namenom; kapa ali dežnik lahko zaščitita pred tropsko sonce pa tudi proti dežju.

Tajfuni

Tajfuni so dokaj pogosti, ponavadi prihajajo s Tihega oceana, se raztezajo po delih države in se nato odpravijo proti celinski Aziji. Močan dež in močan veter, ki se običajno pojavlja skupaj, lahko povzroči veliko škodo, resni pa so lahko tudi sekundarni učinki, kot so nevihte na obali ali plazovi v gorah. Tajfuni običajno pokrivajo široko območje in prizadenejo celotne otoke ali velike regije.

Tajfun ima na Filipinih dve imeni, eno je dodelila mednarodna agencija za opazovanje vremena, drugo pa agencija Filipinska uprava za atmosfero, geofizikalne in astronomske storitve ali PAGASA. Na primer, leta 2013 je tajfun z najmočnejšimi vetrovi, ki so jih kdaj zabeležili ob kopnem, in najbolj uničujoča tropska nevihta v novejši zgodovini pristal leta Samar in opustošila več drugih področij; na mednarodni ravni je bil znan kot "Tajfun Haijan" in na Filipinih "Tajfun Jolanda".

Tajfuni predstavljajo grožnjo na kopnem, obstaja pa tudi tveganje na morju, kjer lahko prevrnejo ladjo. Ladje in trajekti ne smejo več pluti, ko se dvigne opozorilni signal št. 2 za tajfun. Ko pričakujete tajfun, bodite previdni in prekinite potovanje.

Pogosto so leti odpovedani tudi zaradi močnega vetra, ki ga povzročajo tajfuni. Morda boste želeli razporediti lete med letoma v razmiku nekaj dni, tako da lahko, če je vaš prvi let odpovedan, vzamete kasnejšega in še vedno vzpostavite povezavo.

Tornadi

Filipini tudi tornado (ipo-ipo ali buhawi), čeprav niso tako pogosti in uničujoči kot v ZDA. Lahko se oblikuje brez zgodnjega opozorila, zlasti iz navadne nevihte. Nekateri so vodotoki, nastali na morju. Večina hiš in zgradb na Filipinih je izdelanih iz betona, zato so hude poškodbe omejene na oluščene strehe, polomljena okna in drobne odpadke. Prestavne konstrukcije so najbolj nagnjene k poškodbam, podobno kot to, kako zelo so dovzetne za tajfune.

Potresi in cunami

Filipini ležijo na geološko nestabilnem območju med celinsko Evroazijsko ploščo in Filipino morsko ploščo, ki je del Tihega ognjenega obroča. Obstaja velika verjetnost, da bodo kateri koli del Filipinov prizadeli potresi.

Potresi (lindol) so pogosti, vendar jih je večina šibka in redko zaznavna, nekaj pa jih lahko celo sproži cunami (razloženo spodaj). Zadnji večji se je zgodil oktobra 2013, ko je otok potresal z močjo 7,2 stopnje Bohol, uničil domove, podrl stoletne cerkve, ubil več kot 200 in poškodoval tudi nekatere objekte v sosednjih Cebu provinca. Številne stavbe in objekti niso zasnovani po standardih ali preoblikovani, da bi zdržali močne tresljaje, improvizirana ali podstandardna gradnja pa ostaja problem.

Potresi se lahko pojavijo kjer koli na Filipinih, toda območje z največjim tveganjem je Metro Manila in Južni Luzon, kjer Valley Fault System je prisoten. The Prelom zahodne doline se lahko kadar koli premakne in povzroči potres z močjo 7,2 (imenovan "Veliki"), ki lahko povzroči približno 100.000 smrtnih žrtev in poškodb. Na območjih okoli preloma se izvajajo redne potresne vaje, da se zagotovi, da so ljudje na teh območjih pripravljeni v primeru nesreče.

Cunami predstavlja glavno tveganje na obalnih območjih. Čeprav redki, bodite pripravljeni na evakuacijo obalnih območij, ko bo kmalu prišlo do cunamija. Večina obalnih območij je nagnjenih k cunamiju, zlasti tistih, ki jih najdemo v bližini podmorskih jarkov, ki jih lahko sprožijo.

Vulkani

Vulkani na Filipinih lahko predstavlja nevarnost, ker se nahaja v ognjenem obroču, večina območij pa je nagnjena k izbruhu vulkanov. Na Filipinih je 50 vulkanov, polovica pa jih je razvrščenih med aktivne. Zadnji odmeven izbruh je bila gora Pinatubo leta 1991. Izpljunil je pepel in lahar, ki sta prizadela milijone v okoliških provincah in povzročila globalni padec temperature. Mayon, v Albay, znan po svojem popolnem stožcu, je eden izmed številnih aktivnih vulkanov, ki s pogostimi izbruhi predstavljajo nevarnost. Vulkan Taal v Batangasu, najmanjšem vulkanu na svetu, je nevaren tudi, če se na njegovem jezeru kaldera pokažejo znaki bližajočega se izbruha.

Najbolj aktivni vulkani so tudi turistične destinacije, in varnostna pravila o vulkanih uporabljajte pri planinarjenju plezanja. Ko se sprožijo opozorila pred vulkani, bodite pozorni na načrtovane zapore poti in nikoli ne poskušajte iti v določena območja za izključitev.

Državljanski konflikt

Filipini se skozi svojo zgodovino borijo z uporniškimi skupinami, kot so islamski separatisti v Mindanau in komunisti pod Novo ljudsko vojsko (NPA).

Nebistveno potovanje na zahod Mindanao, ki vključuje Arhipelag Sulu, Polotok Zamboangain celinskih provinc Bangsamoro, je malodušen, ker so varnostne razmere zaradi terorizma, piratstva in islamističnih vstaj veliko slabše. Medtem ko se je stanje od leta 2007 nekoliko izboljšalo Marawi obleganje in plebisciti 2019, bombardiranja in ugrabitve so se še naprej občasno dogajali leta 2020.

Preostali del Mindanaa je še vedno varen, vendar nekatere države še vedno imajo nasvete, ki odsvetujejo potovanje v preostali del regije zaradi nasilnega kriminala in terorizma, potovalno zavarovanje ali konzularna pomoč pa bo morda omejena, če odpotujete tja. Redko poseljeno območje Caraga (kateri ima Siargao otok) je veliko varnejši od preostale celine Mindanao, toda v džungli so tudi komunistični uporniki in je tudi ena najrevnejših regij v državi.

Drugje v državi so komunistični uporniki pod Novo ljudsko vojsko (NPA) problem v notranjosti. Ob podeželskih cestah postavljajo ilegalne kontrolne točke in izsiljujejo denar mimoidočim avtomobilistom, vendar navadnih potnikov ne motijo, večinoma pa ciljajo na avtobuse in tovornjake.

Terorizem

Teroristična dejanja, usmerjena proti turističnim krajem, so redka, v preteklosti pa je bilo več odmevnih napadov, ponavadi bombardiranja, kot so bombardiranje leta 2000 na dan Rizal, bombardiranje SuperFerryja leta 2004, bombardiranje leta Valentinovo leta 2005 in nočna tržnica v mestu Davao 2016 bombardiranje. Od takrat ni bilo večjih bombardiranj, razen občasnih incidentov v Mindanau. Medtem ko je varnost zaradi teh incidentov vse bolj invazivna, z letališkimi postopki pri vstopih v nakupovalna središča, terminale javnega prevoza in podobno ni treba biti paranoičen.

Šale z bombami se po filipinski zakonodaji štejejo za kaznivo dejanje, ki se kaznuje z zaporno kaznijo 6 mesecev.

Politični nemiri in protesti

Demonstracije in protesti so pogosti in pogosto postanejo nasilni. Večina shodov se zgodi v Manili, zlasti Mendiola St blizu Malacañanga in Roxas Blvd blizu ameriškega veleposlaništva. Izogibajte se vhodu v kraj, kjer poteka protest. Poleg tega tujcem je prepovedano pridružiti se demonstracijam, kar se kaznuje s časom zapora in izgonom.

Občasno stavke prevoza, ki običajno vključujejo voznike jeepneyjev, lahko moti poslovanje po vsej regiji ali celo po vsej državi. V mestih bodite pripravljeni na sprehod, taksi ali tricikel ali avtobusno pot do cilja. Avtobusi stavke manj prizadenejo, vendar jih bo malo, saj prevzamejo potnike, ki jih je stavka prizadela.

Volilna obdobja so lahko nasilna, zlasti v manj obiskanih provincah. Ob avtocestah bo veliko kontrolnih točk, uživanje alkohola pa je običajno prepovedano na dan volitev.

Strelno orožje

Kot ameriška kolonialna zapuščina imajo Filipini močno kultura orožja in najbolj dopusten zakon o lastništvu orožja v Aziji, vendar to ne pomeni, da lahko katero koli puško prosto nosite v državo za kakršen koli namen. Filipini imajo stroge zakone o orožju, da morate pridobiti dovoljenje za njegovo posest, postopek pa vključuje preverjanje preteklosti, kot sta zgodovina kaznivih dejanj in duševna sposobnost. A Dovoli Carry je potreben tudi pri prinašanju pištole ali pištole. Vse strelno orožje je treba ob vstopu in izstopu prijaviti carini.

Ostani zdrav

Hrana in pijača

Pijte takoj na voljo ustekleničena voda. Buko sok (kokosova voda) je varna tudi, če ji niso dodali lokalnega ledu. Bodite previdni buko prodajalci sokov, saj ga nekateri prodajalci ustvarjajo iz vode iz pipe, pomešane s sladkorjem. Kupujte in jejte sadje, ki še ni bilo posekano. Kuhana hrana iz a carinderia (zunanja menza) je v redu, če je pod lonci ogenj in je bila hrana vroča.

Če morate piti voda iz pipe (običajno jo postrežemo / vsebuje v majhni do srednje plastični vrečki), voda v Manili, Cebu Cityju in drugih večjih mestih je običajno v redu, vendar je priporočljivo, da vodo iz pipe vsaj 5 minut vrete, da boste varni. Drugje pijte ustekleničeno vodo. Pri pitju vode iz pipe na podeželju vedno obstaja nevarnost, da bi zboleli za amebijo. To velja tudi za led, ki se običajno daje v pijače, saj tiste, ki se prodajajo na ulici, pogosto sesekljajo iz bloka in prevažajo pod vprašljivimi pogoji.

Ustekleničeno vodo je najbolje kupiti v trgovinah in zaščitenih restavracijah. Ustekleničena voda, ki jo prodajajo prodajalci ob cesti in v avtobusih, je več kot verjetno uporabljena steklenica, napolnjena z vodo iz pipe, zaprta in ohlajena.

Ulična hrana ni torej varno za uživanje na Filipinih, higienski standardi pa se slabo izvajajo. Bolje jesti tudi ulično hrano pampalamig prodajajo na sodiščih s hrano v nakupovalnih središčih, kjer se higienski standardi bolje izvajajo.

Bolezni

Smrtonosni veter? Niso vsi Filipinci, zlasti tisti na podeželju, sprejeli zarodno teorijo bolezni; nekateri bodo prenos gripi podobnih bolezni pojasnili z izpostavljenostjo vremenu. Nekateri prebivalci držav pojasnjujejo, da je smrt zaradi gripe ali gripi podobne bolezni zaradi mokrega obdobja zmočena v dežju ali v hladni sezoni izpostavljena hladnemu vetriču. Preventivni ukrepi vključujejo popolno zapiranje oken med spanjem v podeželskih domovih ali čez noč v običajnem avtobusu. Običajna zdravila so drgnjenje mentola ali drugih zeliščnih olj, hilot (terapevtska masaža) ali prdenje. V regijah, ki govorijo tagalog, lunod se lahko nanaša na ljudsko bolezen, podobno kot indonezijska angin duduk in korejska "smrt oboževalcev". Vzrok je hladen zrak iz električnega ventilatorja ali klimatske naprave, ki piha na hrbtu, medtem ko sedite. Lunod lahko preprečite tako, da ne vklopite električnega ventilatorja (ali preprosto znižate hitrost ventilatorja na najnižjo), nastavite, da je temperatura klimatske naprave toplejša od temperature okolice, ali ko je v klimatiziranem avtobusu, rahlo zaprete zračnike klimatske naprave ali popolnoma.

Ameriški CDC svetuje, da je tveganje za malarija obstaja le na neurbanih območjih pod 600 metri na otokih Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro in Palawan. The Visayas so brez malarije. Klorokin zaradi sevov, odpornih na to zdravilo, ni več priporočljivo za preprečevanje malarije kjer koli na Filipinih. Na splošno malarija na Filipinih ni pogosta v primerjavi z Afriko in preostalo jugovzhodno Azijo, približno polovica letnih primerov pa je na nekaj ločenih lokacijah.

Mrzlica dengaje na Filipinih, primeri pa se vsako leto povečajo, zato je priporočljivo, da se prijavite komar repelente in po možnosti nosite oblačila z dolgimi rokavi. Edino razpoložljivo cepivo Dengvaxia je bilo prepovedano zaradi domnevnega tveganja za otroke, vendar je bilo leta 2019 ponovno na voljo tistim, ki so že izpostavljeni tej bolezni.

Ošpice bila redka, dokler ni prišlo do večjega izbruha v začetku leta 2019. Priporočljivo je cepljenje proti ošpicam.

Steklina pogost je tudi med uličnimi živalmi na Filipinih, zato cepite cepljenje proti steklini, če tega še niste storili, in če potujete z otroki, jih cepite čim prej, saj obstaja velika nevarnost, da zbolijo za steklino, ker so nagnjene k steklini da se bolj igra z živalmi. Pred vnosom v državo morajo biti hišni ljubljenčki cepljeni proti steklini

Hepatitis A, B in C je endemična in pogosta v državi. Obstajajo cepiva proti hepatitisu A in B, priporočljiva vsem potnikom; (sredi leta 2015) še ni cepiva proti C. Izogibajte se stiku s krvjo in telesnimi tekočinami drugih ljudi; skupna uporaba igel ali celo izdelkov za osebno nego, kot so britvice ali zobne ščetke, olajša prenos tako hepatitisa B kot C. Hepatitis A se lahko prenaša s kontaminirano ulično hrano.

Japonski encefalitis je pogosto in priporočljivo je cepljenje. Izogibajte se kopanju na območjih s sladko vodo, kjer boste zelo tvegani shistosomiasis (razen če so klorirani). Leptospiroza se pogosto skliče z rekreacijskimi vodnimi dejavnostmi, kot je kajak, v onesnaženi vodi.

Tuberkuloza je na podeželju zelo pogost, zato se poskušajte izogibati posameznikom, ki kašljajo ali so videti šibki, in bodite previdni, če se predolgo zadržujete v vaseh, ki imajo lahko veliko nalezljivih ljudi.

The gripa in mraz sezona na Filipinih teče skozi mokro in hladno sezono. Občasno so izbruhnili ptičja gripa (ptičja gripa) in prašičja gripa, vendar mora biti kuhana piščanca ali svinjina na splošno varna za uživanje. Nošenje kirurške maske v javnosti postaja normalno na Filipinih že pred pandemijo COVID-19, ne samo za preprečevanje okužbe, temveč tudi za zaščito pred onesnaženjem zraka na ulicah.

S seboj vzemite zdravila proti diareji, saj nehigijenski pogoji predstavljajo veliko tveganje za to popotniška driska. Gatorade ali druge športne pijače vas lahko rešijo izgube tekočine. Če ste negotovi, pijte ustekleničeno vodo in si vedno umijte roke.

Skrb za zdravje

Kakovost zdravstvenega varstva na Filipinih se zelo razlikuje. Medtem ko so v večjih mestih zagotovo na voljo sodobne bolnišnice in klinike z dobro usposobljenimi zdravniki, kakovost zdravstvenega varstva v manjših mestih in na podeželju pogosto pušča veliko želenega. Medtem ko filipinske državljane krije univerzalni sistem zdravstvenega zavarovanja, ki ga financira država, ta sistem ni na voljo tujcem, bolnišnice pa pogosto zahtevajo, da pred začetkom zdravljenja vplačate vnaprej. Velika večina filipinskih zdravnikov in medicinskih sester zna govoriti angleško, mnogi so se izobraževali v ZDA, zato za angleško govoreče tujce komunikacija na splošno ni problem.

Javne bolnišnice v večjih mestih so ponavadi dostojnega standarda, čeprav morda niso tako udobne kot tiste, ki jih zahodni izseljenci uporabljajo doma. Zasebne bolnišnice pa nudijo odlične standarde oskrbe, čeprav boste za njihove storitve plačali zelo visoko. Kljub temu imajo zahodni standardi še vedno ugodne cene, zato se večina izseljencev odloči za zasebno zdravstveno varstvo, kadar koli je to mogoče.

Spolno prenosljive bolezni

Filipini imajo eno najhitreje rastočih HIV primerov po vsem svetu. Čeprav nacionalna razširjenost virusa HIV ostaja 0,1%, se je med letoma 2010 in 2017 incidenca HIV povečala za 174%.

Drugo spolno prenosljive bolezni so pogostejši od virusa HIV. V večini občinskih zdravstvenih uradov na Filipinih obstajajo klinike za socialno higieno (STD).

Spopadite se

Elektrika

Poglej tudi: Električni sistemi

Večina filipinskih gospodinjstev in hotelov uporablja ameriške zidne vtičnice, vendar morda ni tal, številna lokalno izdelana prodajna mesta pa lahko sprejmejo tudi dva evropska okrogla vtiča. Adapterji so na voljo v trgovinah s strojno opremo.

Električna energija na Filipinih se oskrbuje z napetostjo 230 V pri 60 Hz, vendar Filipini pogosto govorijo o napetosti 220 V, nekatere starejše zgradbe pa imajo lahko 110 V oskrbe (npr. Tiste v centru mesta). Baguio). Če imate napravo, zasnovano za območje 100-127 V, na primer sušilec za lase ali električni brivnik, natančno preverite, sicer uničite svojo napravo v filipinski stenski vtičnici (razen če je ta žična pri 110 V, če obstaja, mora biti jasno označena).

Napajanje je v večini države na voljo 24 ur na dan, vendar se lahko izpadi energije (ali lokalno "izpadi") nepričakovano pojavijo zaradi vremena ali nenadnih zaustavitev / popravil elektrarn. Mindanao, ki se je včasih večinoma zanašal na hidroenergijo, v sušni sezoni ne doživlja več kotalnih izpadov ("vrtečih se izpadov"), toda sabotaža daljnovodov v bolj divjih predelih regije jo lahko kadar koli povzroči. Celodnevna razpoložljivost električne energije na otokih, ki niso v omrežju (npr. Palawan), je odvisna od tega, kje se napaja. Če bivate v hotelu, poiščite znake "No brownout" ali prosite na recepciji, ali imajo generator.

Stranišča in kopalnice

Poglej tudi: Stranišča

Na Filipinih boste na splošno srečali zahodne straniščne sedeže na sedežu, vendar morda nimajo splakovalne enote, zlasti na podeželju. Za splakovanje stranišča, umivanje zadnjice ali pripomočkov ali čiščenje tal se boste morda morali zanašati na vedro vode in žlico (tabo).

Čistoča stranišč (udobne sobeali preprosto poklican CR) se razlikujejo glede na kraj, toda praviloma so najboljši tisti v nakupovalnih središčih in luksuznih hotelih, medtem ko so tisti na podeželju grozljivi. Stranišča v restavracijah s hitro hrano, kot so Jollibee, McDonald's in KFC (ali v kateri koli od večjih lokalnih restavracij ali kavarn) in terminalih javnega prevoza morda niso tako čisti, odvisno od lokacije. Avtobusi za dolge razdalje bi morali imeti na stranišču stranišče, vendar je težko stati, ko se vozilo premika, avtobusi kitajske izdelave pa imajo lahko nameščene stranišča za skvoša namesto keramičnih prestolov, ki so jih Filipini vajeni.

Toaletni papir (ali preprosto tkivo), vendar jih običajno vržete na koš za smeti poleg sedeža, namesto na posodo, saj lahko toaletni papir zamaši majhne kanalizacijske cevi. V javnih straniščih pa jih morda ni, zato morate pakete kupovati v prodajnih avtomatih na kovance, v trgovinah z drog ali v lekarnah.

Nekatera gospodinjstva lahko pri kopalnici priskrbijo copate. Kopalnice v filipinskih domovih so pogosto utesnjene in mokre, tuš pa običajno ni ločen od stranišča.

Televizija in video

Televizija in video na Filipinih uporablja NTSC (ameriški standard). Prehod na digitalno radiodifuzijo bo do leta 2023 prinesel japonski standard ISDB. Regijsko kodirani DVD-ji so regija 3 (jugovzhodna Azija), čeprav so skoraj vsi filipinski filmi brez regije. DVD-je, ki se prodajajo, lahko najdemo v večjih nakupovalnih središčih, ponarejeni DVD-ji brez regionalnega kodiranja pa ostajajo pogosti, zlasti v tiangge, in se mu je treba izogibati.

Televizijske postaje običajno predvajajo v lokalnih jezikih in na splošno oddajajo novice vsak zgodnji večer. Od leta 2020 sta samo GMA in TV5 dve glavni lokalni brezplačni televizijski postaji, potem ko je bil ABS-CBN po polemiki o licenciranju ukinjen (čeprav so oktobra večino svojih programov preselili na drug kanal) . Obstaja tudi veliko brezplačnih kanalov v angleškem jeziku, na primer CNN Philippines, ETC in Net 25. Novinarsko usmerjeni televizijski kanali vključujejo GMA News TV, Aksyon TV in CNN Philippines, vendar le CNN ima novo oddajo v angleščini; preostanek se predvaja v tagaloškem ali regionalnih jezikih. 24-urni televizijski kanali so redki; večina se odjavi vsako polnoč do 6. ure zjutraj, v Velikem tednu pa imajo lokalni televizijski kanali zelo različne programe, ki običajno predvajajo ponovitve telenovele in predvajanje verskih obredov v živo, na primer "sedem zadnjih besed" (siete palabras) v času velikega petka.

Kajenje

Kajenje je pogosta filipinska zabava in je pogosto povezano z majhnimi pogovori in pijačami. Približno 25% Filipincev kadi.

Cigarete (sigiouslyo, ali pogovorno, josi) na Filipinih poceni. Na primer, Marlboro je približno ₱80 za dvajset paketov v supermarketu, ₱100 v baru ali trgovini z začetkom leta 2018. Lokalne znamke so cenejše (pogosto ₱50-60) in cigare so na voljo tudi. Vendar pa jih višji davki na cigarete in druge tobačne izdelke postopoma dražijo. Številne trgovine sari-sari cigarete prodajajo tudi po palici, običajno za ₱4.

Za Filipince je običajno, da kadijo med hojo, skupine ljudi pa stojijo na vogalu in kadijo, vendar obstajajo stroge prepovedi kajenja z različnimi stopnjami izvrševanja. Kajenje je prepovedano v zaprtih javnih prostorih, javnem prevozu, restavracijah, bencinskih črpalkah in celo v barih, razen na območjih za kajenje. Kajenje v krajih, kjer je kajenje prepovedano ali v nekadilskem prostoru, lahko povzroči globo do ₱5000, vendar se to nekoliko ohlapno izvaja.

Starost kajenja in vapinga je 18. Trgovine z mešanim blagom in e-cigarete zahtevajo, da kupci predložijo osebni dokument s fotografijo, vendar sari-sari trgovine običajno otrokom in mladini omogočajo nakup cigaret. Ponekod, na primer v Metro Manili, lahko oblasti trgovini prepovejo prodajo cigaret zaradi bližine območja za nekadilce, na prodajnih mestih pa imajo nalepljene plakate, ki pravijo To je tisto, kar pomeni, da je pomembno ("V tej trgovini je prepovedana prodaja cigaret.").

Ulice so pogosto polne cigaretnih ogorkov. Številne koše za smeti nimajo pepelnikov ali zadnjic, zato vas bo zamikalo, da jih vržete na pločnik, ulico ali na travo, kar lahko predstavlja požarno nevarnost. Poiščite koš za smeti, označen tako, da omogoča opuške, ali pa prinesite prenosni pepelnik, če kadite zunaj.

Prepovedi kajenja so uvedene v več mestih in občinah, na primer v Mesto Davao, kjer je popolnoma prepovedana. Kljub temu se izvrševanje prepovedi kajenja razlikuje. Maja 2017 je začela veljati prepoved kajenja po vsej državi, ki dodatno omejuje, kje ljudje lahko kadijo. Tudi kajenje na pločnikih je prepovedano, določena območja za kajenje pa morajo biti zaprti, prezračeni. Kljub novi uredbi še vedno prevladujejo prostori za kajenje na prostem in kajenje na pločnikih.

Novembra 2019 po vsej državi prepoved vapinga je bil v veljavi; Prepovedi kajenja se lahko razširijo tudi na vaping.

Veleposlaništva in konzulati

Številni narodi imajo veleposlaništva v Metro Manila nekateri pa imajo konzulate v Ljubljani Metro Cebu ali Davao prav tako.

Umetne mase

Pri nakupu je priporočljivo, da s seboj prinesete vrečko za večkratno uporabo.

Prenos sredstev

Zastavljalnice so pogoste v vseh mestih, vendar se uporabljajo bolj za prenos sredstev kot za zastavo ali nakup predmetov. Tako oni kot številni Western Union pisarne opravljajo prevoze iz tujine in znotraj države. Tujci bi se morali paziti prevaranti ki zahtevajo denarno nakazilo.

Spoštovanje

Filipinska imena in oblike naslavljanja Filipinska imena so enaka kot na Zahodu, vendar obstajajo posebnosti: Priimki nekateri Filipinci so avtohtoni, vendar se pišejo po špansko. Vendar ima večina španske priimke, naložene med špansko kolonizacijo. Za filipinsko-kitajske obdržijo kitajska družinska imena. Srednja imena ima drugačno opredelitev na Filipinih, kjer se raje nanaša na priimek svoje matere, kar izhaja iz španske navade, da imata dva priimka. To vas lahko zmoti pri izpolnjevanju obrazcev, vendar je to enostavno rešiti tako, da v polje za ime vstavite srednje ime (zahodna "srednja imena" filipinska birokracija obravnava vsaj kot del imena) ali pa ga pustite popolnoma ven. Vzdevki so zelo različni, Filipini pa imajo lahko več kot en vzdevek, ki se spreminja glede na družbeni kontekst. Najpogosteje so v obliki obrazcev za hišne ljubljenčke, začetnic ali zgolj čistih opisov, značilnih za zadevno osebo. Osebo je vredno vprašati, kakšen vzdevek ima v določenem kontekstu raje. Muslimanski Filipinci prav tako sledijo istemu poimenovanju kot večina Filipincev, čeprav imajo številna imena imena po arabskem imena - očetovo ime namesto tega. Filipino Kitajci so prilagodili ime – srednje ime – priimek in mnogi rojeni po sedemdesetih letih ne nosijo kitajskih imen; tisti, ki bodo, ga bodo zabeležili kot drugo ime in ga napisali za priimkom kot v vzhodni obliki poimenovanja. Obstaja veliko formalnosti glede naslavljanja ljudi po imenu. Starejše ljudi, ki jih ne poznate dobro, vljudno nagovarjajo kot Tito / Tita (za starejše od vas) ali Ate / Kuya (za ljudi iste starosti ali ranga) ter njihovo ime ali vzdevek. Morda vas bodo naslovili kot Ginoo (Gospod.), Ginang (Gospa) oz Binibini (Ms.) v najbolj formalnih situacijah, čeprav se njihovi angleški ustrezniki pogosteje uporabljajo. Pogosta je uporaba poklicev kot uradnih nazivov (npr. Arhitekt, inženir, profesor, zdravnik, odvetnik), kar je sicer za večino angleško govorečih nenavadno. Osebe nagovarjajte po njihovem imenu ali vzdevku le, če jih dobro poznate ali so starejši ali višji na položaju. In nenazadnje, poznajte svoje "vi". Večina filipinskih jezikov razlikuje med neformalnimi in formalnimi ti, zato uporaba nepravilne oblike v neprimerni situaciji - na primer uporaba ikaw / ka nagovoriti starejšega - je nesramno. Ne pozabite tudi na častni delec po če govorimo v tagaloščini, imajo lahko tudi drugi filipinski jeziki ustreznice.

Filipinci so gostoljubni in vljudni, vendar se kulturne norme drastično razlikujejo od večjega dela Zahoda. Večina filipinskega bontona si sposoja iz vzhodnoazijske in hispanske kulture.

• Filipinci veliko cenijo živjo (hee-YUH ', "sramota"), koncept, povezan z reševanjem obraza. Če niste v položaju avtoritete, je opozarjanje na napake na splošno neprijetno, če tega ne storite zasebno. Spori se pogosto rešujeta po dogovoru med obema stranema.
• Tempo življenja na Filipinih je zelo blizu južne Evrope in Filipinci imajo sproščen odnos do točnosti, kot so Hispanics. Pristop "Filipinski čas"s potrpljenjem; tudi" modno zamujanje "ni redkost in javni prevoz se običajno ne drži voznega reda. To ne velja za poslovna ali formalna srečanja.
• Osebni prostor na Filipinih manj pozornosti. Avtobusi, jeepneyi in vlaki postanejo gneči, brez nategovanja in potiskanja Oprostite je pogosta.
• Nekatere angleške besede, povezane z raso ali etnično pripadnostjo, ki bodo doma zvenele rasistično, lahko med Filipinci nosijo malo ali nič negativnega prizvoka. "Črnec" se še vedno pogosto uporablja pri temnopoltih ljudeh (in nima rasističnih konotacij), medtem ko ljudi mešane rase v angleščini še vedno imenujejo "mešanci". Podobni izrazi v filipinskih jezikih se morda slišijo ljubeče, odvisno od konteksta. Beli ljudje so poklicani puti (poo-TEH ',), nekateri pa jih lahko imenujejo celo "ameriški", "amerikano / a" ali "kano / a", ne glede na državljanstvo.
• Filipini so po anketi Pew-a najbolj odporna na LGBT narod v Aziji, Filipini pa so znani kot gostoljubni do gejev. LGBT popotniki so v državi varni, vendar ne bi smeli biti preveč diskretni: par, ki v javnosti kaže naklonjenost, lahko vznemirja domačine, večinoma vključuje ustno kletvico. Primeri homofobnega nasilja ali gejevskega razbijanja so redki, vendar se zgodijo, zlasti pri konzervativnih družinah.
• Javno izkazovanje naklonjenosti se večina Filipincev močno ozira nanje. Izdelava se na splošno šteje za škandalozno vedenje in če vas prijavijo policiji in vas ujamejo, vas lahko čaka 6 mesecev ali leto zapora, plus globe (in še huje, deportacija). Skratka, ne žali filipinske občutljivosti s poljubljanjem in objemanjem v javnosti. Držanje za roke, po drugi strani pa sprejemljivo; mnogi filipinski pari to počnejo javno.
• Počastitev starejših je v filipinski kulturi pomembna. Starejši imajo prednost pri sedežih. Vljudno je pomagati starejšim prečkati cesto.
• Z morebitno izjemo Morosa večina Filipincev kaže močno kulturo moška vljudnost do žensk in mačizem, vpliv hispanske kulture. Moškim se zdi vljudno, da se odpovejo sedežu na javnem prevozu. Bolj ali manj očitne prevlade moške v družinah, čeprav postajajo vse manj pogoste, so lahko precej moteče. Nepristojno je uporabljati močan jezik ali glasno govoriti ženskam.
• Razredna diskriminacija je pogosta v filipinski kulturi. Tujce ali Filipince, ki se vračajo iz tujine, pogosto obravnavajo kot bogate. Pohvala s svojim bogastvom ali dosežki običajno ni cenjena.
• V določenih časih državna himna is played on public announcement systems in public locations like malls and cinemas (before any film starts), and everyone is required to rise and place the right hand on the left chest. You should do the same, lest you can get arrested and fined. Ignorance on local laws is not a good excuse either.

Obleka

Filipinos are more modest than foreigners, and personal importance influences how you will be treated by people around. Filipino women are generally more modest, though that depends on location.

Moraš take off your shoes when entering homes, though foreigners may be given more slack to this. You can keep wearing your socks, but this is inadvisable in the muggy Philippine climate. The household may also provide slippers for used while inside the house or in the bathroom.

Modest clothing is advised especially outside touristy areas, and a few places may have local laws discouraging immodest dress. Except in churches, religious sites, government offices, and other places with written dress codes, Western casual wear is okay anywhere in the country. For women, short shorts and miniskirts, are fine, but it is more respectful to wear skirts, pants, or shorts that cover at least the knee. Sleeveless shirts (sando) or basketball jerseys are okay anywhere, but not in a church or office. Crop tops or low-cut tops are uncommon, and will make you stand out.

In the Muslim-majority provinces of the country, more modest dress is advised. Men are advised to wear pants and long-sleeved tops. Muslim Filipino women usually wear the hijab, but this is not required for visitors.

Business attire: For men, a long-sleeved collared shirt or suit is standard, though ties are often omitted, the collar button is usually not closed, and it's also possible to wear a short-sleeved collared shirt based on the Barong Tagalog namesto tega. Women generally wear Western office attire.

Beachwear in the Philippines is conservative. Swimming trunks (for men) and swimsuits are standard, but bikinis are uncommon with Filipinas. Swimming with your top on is common, generally as a way to avoid sunburn, but this may not be allowed depending on pool rules.

Being topless or half-naked in public is illegal, and often associated with street thugs. Full nudity is also disapproved of and illegal in general, unless you're in a remote beach. Breastfeeding in public is legal, but uncommon with Filipinos.

Eating and drinking

Poglej tudi: Filipino cuisine#Respect

Many Filipinos value eating out as part of honoring guests and forming relationships. Except in formal venues, many Filipinos don't care about noisy conversation at the dining table. Restaurants are mostly cheerful venues, and loud conversation is frequent, especially when large families or groups eat.

Avoid using the left hand when eating by hand. The left hand is traditionally reserved for unhygienic activities, but the taboo is virtually non-existent outside of food in most of the Philippines; however, it applies to vse on Muslims, so watch out if you head inland in Muslim-majority parts of Mindanao or eat in Muslim Filipino restaurants anywhere in the country.

Younger Filipinos may choose splitting the bill (KKB, short of Tagalog kanya-kanyang bayad), but treating is the traditional Filipino way to go. People of higher position or status are generally expected to treat those lower: elder to younger, superior to subordinate, rich to poor, host to guest, and teacher to student.

Filipinos, perhaps with the exceptions of Muslims, enjoy drinking and being drunk, especially with local beer and wine. Drinking alcohol a lot is not necessarily bad, but excessive drunkenness is stigmatized as a weakness of soul.

Religija

The Philippines is officially secular, but religion plays a major role in Filipino culture. Freedom of religion is enshrined in the constitution, but, blasphemy, meddling with religious activity, and comments critical of a certain religion remains a criminal act, punishable with 12 years in prison.

Agnostics or atheists are a tiny minority in this country, being around 0.02% in the 2015 census. Saying you don't believe in a God or question its existence will be happily shrugged off by Filipinos, with attempts to proselytize.

Filipinos take many superstitions and associated taboos seriously, especially in regards to spirits, luck, and mythological creatures; many Filipinos, even those not of Chinese ancestry, also observe Chinese cultural taboos, like fear of the number 4. Some superstitions specific to Filipino culture are:

• Eating chicken during New Year - A taboo by the Chinese, it is considered inauspicious to eat chicken during New Year, both the Gregorian and Chinese one.
• Haunted trees: Many people believe large trees, like banyans (balete) are inhabited by kapre (cigar-smoking giants); you can be haunted if you approach them without asking their permission.
• Nuno (goblins): It is polite to say tabi po nuno when passing near locations where nuno (goblins) lives; not doing so can cause sudden manifestation of unexplained illness.
• Usog: A greeting from a stranger to can bring unexplainable convulsions and fever, especially to a child; the curse is warded off by rubbing saliva to the child's abdomen.
• Wedding gowns: A taboo by Hokkien Chinese, it is inauspicious for the bride to wear her wedding gown the day before the wedding, otherwise, it will not happen.

Animal ethics and the environment

The Philippines has a thriving black market selling endangered species as pets or luxury souvenirs, and there are frequent raids on shops selling products from endangered species. Avoid buying rare pets, leather, feathers, dried sea creatures like starfish, fur and other products likely from illegal poachers. Customs take laws on endangered species seriously, and they may be confiscated at the airport.

Dog meat, especially asusena (a portmanteau of Tagalog aso in španščina azucena) is best avoided for most reasons; you can find dog meat at restaurants in Benguet as traditional food by the Igorot people, but avoid it elsewhere. Slaughtered dogs may carry the deadly rabies virus, and can be a nasty experience if you get hospitalized.

It is also wise to avoid photo booths with animals, like snakes, as subjects, even in zoos. A tout will approach you, then you pose for a photo with the animal, an for after you pay an exorbitant fee. It is most likely the animal used is drugged and treated cruelly.

Sensitive issues

Filipinos are generally open to talk about politics, and are more than happy to talk about issues in the country with a smile, yet there are several topics that foreigners must tread carefully with.

• Filipinos are divided on their historical assessment of Ferdinand Markos. While most of the people who came of age after the People Power Revolution have criticized the Marcos era as a dictatorship, with widespread censorship, political repression, and corruption, some older Filipinos support the Marcos regime, which they view as a time when the country was prosperous and stable, and prices of most goods lower. Never assume Filipinos have the same view about Marcos.
• Avoid talking about Rodrigo Duterte's War on Drugs, as many Filipinos have strong feelings, especially on foreign views, particularly on the alleged extrajudicial killings done by police and imprisonment of opposition figures such as Leila de Lima. The Duterte administration enjoy strong support from Filipinos; saying Duterte is a iron-fisted strongman oversimplifies things.
• The Spratly Islands territorial dispute is also a sensitive issue among Filipinos. Call the South China Sea "West Philippine Sea" while in the Philippines. Philippines—China relations is a sensitive issue, and anti-Chinese sentiment is on the rise, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. That said, this resentment generally does not affect Chinese Filipinos.
• Don't compare regions or provinces in relation to Manila or assume Filipinos behave like Manileños. Manila and its surrounding region only contains 12% of the Philippine population, culture and language differ drastically by region and province, and some people see the comparisons as if they are economically, culturally and politically subordinate to "Imperial Manila". Tagalog as the national language Filipino is a sensitive issue in the Visayas, especially Cebu; residual resentment to its promotion as the national language persists, and speaking in Tagalog may offend locals. Muslim Filipinos (Moros) consider themselves a separate national identity.

Culture shock

Kot Kitajski, Filipinos also complain when foreigners who visit the Philippines the first time point out many of the oddities of Filipino behavior they consider rude or disgusting. It generally turns out foreigners are rather rude. This stems from culture shock, that foreigners notice Filipino customs and behaviors are extremely different from theirs, and they find it jarring, and the same goes with Filipinos as well. Filipinos are friendly, but not necessarily polite.

• Filipinos ignore or disobey rules they don't agree with, including laws. Tukaj pasaway character comes to play. This includes aggressive driving, frequent smoking, and jaywalking.
• Filipinos also pljuvati a lot, especially in the streets, and spitting with gulping noises in public restrooms is common. It is traditionally believed swallowing phlegm is unhealthy. While local governments are striving to curb down the habit to curb the spread of disease, it still persists to some degree in most places.
• It is just fine to pick your nose or use toothpicks at the dining table. Filipinos don't like having dried mucus hanging from the nose or have small food particles trapped between their teeth appear on their smiles.
• You might notice on your first arrival that many places in the Philippines are noisy, with loud conversations, blaring horns, constant construction, and ubiquitous megaphones and loudspeakers, from churches and storefronts to malls. In some regions, speaking loudly in a tone that can be taken for anger is normal. The ears of Filipinos have mostly adapted to the noise, so it's advisable you bring earphones or earplugs on trips.
• There is some tolerance toward running amok, even when it end ups as the murderous pagdidilim ng paningin. Some believe running amok is a way for men to escape hiya, especially when one loses a drunken fight.
• The concept of queueing/waiting in line (pila) introduced by the Japanese is not fully observed in the Philippines. Sometimes, it takes courage to be assertive, and make your way through lines, such as when taking public transit.
• While mostly proficient in English, Filipinos are curious when they see foreigners around. This manifests when one approaches you to practice their English, ask you questions about your country of origin, and even ask you for a picture. This is common in the countryside, but not in large cities or tourism hubs, where people would be used to see foreigners more frequently.

Povežite se

Telefon

• Nationwide emergency hotline: 911 (prej 117) by voice or text message. These calls are automatically routed to the nearest emergency call center.
• Philippine Coast Guard Action Center: 63 2 527-3880
• National Poison Control: 63 2 524-1078
• Tourist hotline: 63 2 524-1728 and 524-1660
• Directory assistance: 187 or 114 (fee applies)
• Civil service complaint hotline: 8888

The international dialling prefix to make an overseas call from the Philippines is 00.

Phone numbers in the Philippines have the format 63 35 539-0605. The koda države for the Philippines is 63. The next one, two or three digits are the area code, and the remaining 7 digits are the "local" part of the number that can be called from within that area without dialing the area code. You must dial "0" in front of the area code from outside that area code when still within the Philippines.

Most toll-free numbers cannot be called from outside Philippines but can be dialed using the format 1800-1855-0165 domestically.

The cheapest way to call to and from the Philippines is by using Internetna telefonija (VoIP). There are several licensed VoIP providers in the Philippines. One of the most popular is Vodini Telecom.

Cellphones

Mobile numbers in the Philippines must always be dialed with all 11 digits (including a "0" prefixing the "8nn" or "9nn" within the Philippines), no matter where they are being called from. They can also be called within or outside the Philippines using the international format as listed in our Philippines articles

There are two major companies operating GSM 900/1800 networks: Globus in Pametno. Your provider at home may have agreements with one of these providers so check with them before leaving home. Roaming may be quite expensive, but pre-paid SIM cards of these networks are easy to acquire and cost as little as ₱30 and provide a cheaper alternative. If your unit is locked to your home service provider, cellphone repair shops in malls can unlock them for ₱300 do ₱2000. A complete prepaid kit with phone and SIM can be purchased for as little as ₱500. These phones are usually locked to a local network provider, and you would have to have it unlocked before leaving to use it elsewhere.

GSM mobile phones are in wide use all over the country. 3G technology is available through Globe and Smart, but is often not properly operational especially outside urban areas. The usual cost of an international long-distance call to the United States, Europe or other major countries is US$0.40 na minuto. Local calls range from ₱6.50 per minute for prepaid calls; you won't be charged for incoming calls. Text messages typically cost as little as ₱1. International SMS costs ₱15-25. Plans for unlimited call and SMS are offered by the networks are but are usually restricted to those made to parties within the same network.

Reloading (i.e. recharging or topping-up) prepaid SIMs is a breeze. Electronic Load (E-Load) stations are everywhere from small corner stores to the large malls. You can purchase pre-paid cards which are available in denominations of ₱100, ₱300 in ₱500.

Pay phones are very hard to find. Phone cards are usually sold by shops which sell cellphone pre-paid loads and cards. Phone cards of one company can not be used with the other company's card-operated phones.

Internet

Poglej tudi: dostop do interneta

Internet access at broadband speeds are plentiful in city malls, much less so outside the cities, but are growing at a rapid pace. Internet prices depend primarily on where you surf and the medium used (e.g. Wi-Fi or wired). Internet services offered by hotels and shopping malls are expensive and can go up to ₱200/hour but neighborhood cafes can be as cheap as ₱10/hour. Public Wi-Fi services in the Philippines provided by Airborneaccess.net and WiZ are likely to cost ₱100 for up to an hour. An internet cafe chain in SM malls called "Netopia" has a land line internet connection for around ₱20 an hour. Starbucks, Seattle's Best Coffee, and malls usually carry Wi-Fi service and some are free to use. The SM and Ayala chain of malls also offer free Wi-Fi anywhere in the mall. On several government-owned public areas, like parks, free Wi-Fi had been implemented, but signal strength fluctuates.

A mobile broadband modem with service by Globe, Smart or Sun starts at ₱995. Mobile broadband signals vary depending on the available infrastructure. Smart has the largest network in the country, followed by Globe, and then Sun. It takes up to 24 hours for internet to be available on a new SIM card. Mobile broadband comes in postpaid and prepaid variants. Modems and subscriptions are available in the larger cities. Service can cost as little as ₱20 an hour. Service is usually slower in the evening.

Cybercriminals may exploit public Wi-Fi networks to steal private information. Izogibajte se using Wi-Fi to do online transactions, especially bank transactions. If it's unavoidable, remember to pozabi the public Wi-Fi network after using, so that cybercriminals will find it difficult to track you. Using a VPN is also advisable.

Internet cafes (kompyuteran, aka computer shops in Philippine English) are no longer important establishments to access the Internet. Most new Internet cafés are small coin-operated pisonet, common in residential settings, but larger ones such as the Netopia and Mineski Infinity chains, which are aimed toward online gamers, still exist. It costs ₱1 per 5 minutes on a "pisonet", and ₱20/hour and up on larger ones. Many also offer printing and photocopying for a small fee (usually ₱5).

Mail

In order to send items via post, you must visit a post office and present your items to a teller as there are no postage boxes. Oglejte si Philippine Postal Corporation's (PHLPOST) website to find the post offices that serve your destination. Alternatively, you may be able to ask your hotel's staff to send your posts together with theirs, and in some provinces, some stationery stores also offer to sell postage stamps and receive posts.

Apart from the Philippine postal service, FedEx, UPS, and DHL courier services are also available. Local couriers such as LBC and Aboitiz are also available. Postal mail from abroad is often lost, so don't send anything valuable.

Časopisi

English newspapers are available throughout the Philippines and there are also some Japanese and Chinese language options. The Daily Tribune, Malaja, Manila Standard, Bilten Manila, Business World, Philippine Star, Philippine Daily Inquirer in Visayan Daily Star are some of the English language newspapers, mostly broadsheets.

Tabloid newspapers are mostly local-language ones, usually Tagalog/Filipino (but may be another local language in regional tabloids), but a few are published in English, such as People's Journal in People's Journal Tonight (the latter, however, has some news written in Tagalog).

Some restaurants offer newspapers for free reading, but only within their premises. Newspapers are mostly sold by street vendors, but in malls they are sold on newsstands. In public markets, newspapers are typically sold in general merchandise stores along with common groceries.

Pojdi naprej

• Sabah - a state in Malaysia on the island of Borneo
• Tajvan - a country north of Batanes, Philippines
• Northern Sulawesi - just south of Mindanao